• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2005

A train driving requires to n the fixed distance within given time, and it is desirable to consume low energy if necessary. Reducing energy consumption depends on the train operation modes by either manual or automatic operation. In this article, an operation to reduce energy consumption by changing modes of train operation by a driver without changing the train operation requirement is investigated. The powering model, braking model and consumed energy calculation model are developed, then simulated by using a Matlab software. The accuracy of the train dynamic model established by the simulations is verified by comparing with the real experimental data. Several simulations by various operations in the real track are executed, then the desirable pattern of train driving is found.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

The climate change due to the increased consumption with fossil fuel and rise of the oil price have been serious global issues. Automobile industry consumes 30% of the oil every year and causes air pollution and global warming by the exhaust emissions and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). The demand of two-wheeled vehicle increases every year due to the parking and traffic problem caused by the increased automobiles in the urban area. Approximately 50,000,000 two-wheeled vehicles were produced in 2008. The development and sales of the hybrid two-wheeled vehicle industry become active due to its increased market demands. In this paper, the change of the motor and battery efficiency, driving distance, hill climbing ability with the change of the motor capacity was analyzed. Simulation of the peculiarities in urban driving schedule(World-wide Motorcycle Test Cycle(WMTC), Manhattan driving schedule), constant speed(10 km/h, 35 km/h) of small electronic two-wheeled vehicle was also carried out. Through the simulation result, appropriate capacities of the motor and battery for urban driving was acquired.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2020

하이퍼루프는 튜브 내를 부상한 상태로 초고속주행하는 미래형 이동 시스템으로 제안되었다. 하이퍼루프에서 달리는 포드 차량은 선형 동기모터 상에서 주행하기에 위치측정이 근본적 중요성을 가진다. 1000km/h 이상의 속도로 주행하는 포드 차량의 가속과 감속에 정밀한 위치측정이 요구되며 또한 차량간 거리 유지를 위한 속도 조절에도 요구된다. 본 논문은 laser surface velocimeter를 개량하여 새로운 범위조건의 위치측정을 시도한다. 높은 정밀도로 초고속 이동체의 위치를 측정해야 하기에 지나가는 타일의 레이저 반사율 차이 검출로 변위를 계산하는 상대위치 측정장치를 구현하여 성능시험으로 평가하였다. 500km/h 미만의 포드 속도에서 cm 단위의 정밀도로 정확한 위치 측정을 보였으며, 500km/h 이상의 포드 속도에서도 0.1% 미만의 매우 낮은 오차율로 위치측정 결과를 보여주었다. 향후 500km/h 이상에서의 오차율도 0에 수렴하도록 연구를 진행해야 한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.224-226
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• 2016

기술의 발전과 민간수요 급증으로 '무인 자율화', '이동체' 특성이 결합된 무인이동체 신시장이 급성장하고 있다. 현재 일부 국가들이 시범주행을 허용하고 있으나, 자율주행차의 정식 운행을 제도화 한 나라는 없다. 기존 차량의 경우에도 후방감지기의 잦은 오작동이나, 후방카메라의 사각지대 또는 운전자의 부주의 때문에 안전사고가 자주 일어나고 있다. 이러한 사소한 결함들을 보완이 되어야 자율주행차, 소형드론의 상용화를 위한 관련 규제를 완화 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 이동체에서 사용되었던 초음파, 레이저 센서와는 다르게 깊이 카메라를 이용하여 거리측정을 시도해보려 한다. 깊이 카메라는 레이저나 적외선을 객체나 대상 영역에 비추어 되돌아오는 광선을 받아 시간 차이를 계산하는 TOF 방식으로 거리 정보를 계산한다. 이런 카메라는 CCD 카메라 영상 화소 단위로 깊이 정보를 얻을 수 있어 실시간 깊이 정보를 모으는 데 활용할 수 있다. 이런 실시간 깊이 정보들을 이용하여 앞서 말한 문제점을 해결하고, 거리측정을 통한 장애물 회피 시스템 설계를 제안한다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.318-323
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• 2009

The oil characteristics and wear particles of Diesel engines with a DPF have been investigated as a function of a driving distance. The engine oil of SAE 5W30 with ACEA C3 is used for an oil film lubrication of the engine, which is equipped with Diesel particulate filter. Depending on the oil test results, the kinematic viscosity of used engine oils at 40 is degraded up to 5.1% compared with that of unused engine oils, SAE 5W30. And the kinematic viscosity of used engine oils at 100 is more degraded up to 8.1% compared with that of unused engine oils. The oil characteristic as a function of a mileage is not changed depending on the driving distance because of high quality of engine oils. But the aluminum and copper compounds, which are used as base materials of the engine bearing and a pin bush, are much worn and contaminated for the increased mileage of the car. The oil properties of used engine oils are relatively good except phosphorus and calcium additives, which are heavily engaged in the performance of the oils.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2016

PURPOSES : Low visibility caused by dark surroundings at nighttime affects the likelihood of accidents, and various efforts, such as installing road safety facilities, have been made to reduce accidents at night. Despite these efforts, the nighttime severity index (SI) in Korea was higher than the daytime SI during 2011-2014. This study determined the factors affecting daytime and nighttime accident severity through a discriminant analysis. METHODS : Discriminant analysis. RESULTS : First, drowsiness, lack of attention, and lighting facilities affected both daytime and nighttime accident severity. Accidents were found to be caused by a low ability to recognize the driving conditions and a low obstacle avoidance capability. Second, road conditions and speeding affected only the daytime accident severity. Third, failure to maintain a safe distance significantly affected daytime accident severity and nonsignificantly affected nighttime accident severity. The majority of such accidents were caused by rear-end collisions of vehicles driving in the same direction; given the low relative speed difference in such cases, the shock imparted by the accidents was minimal. CONCLUSIONS : Accidents caused by a failure to maintain a safe distance has lower severity than do accidents caused by other factors.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2016

현재 자동차의 주요 동력원은 내연기관이 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 내연기관 자동차로 인한 환경문제를 해결하기 위한 친환경 자동차로는 하이브리드 자동차, 전기 자동차 및 공기 엔진 자동차 등을 들 수 있다. 배터리를 이용하는 하이브리드 차나 순수 전기차 등도 아직은 크지 않으나 점차 많은 비중을 차지하여 나가고 있다. 전기모터를 사용하는 전기차에 비해 압축공기를 이용하는 공기 엔진 자동차는 아직은 연구개발이 거의 이루어지지 않은 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 스크롤 팽창기를 적용하는 새로운 압축공기 엔진을 소개하고, 이 엔진을 장착한 자동차의 주행거리 가능 거리를 이론적으로 산출하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2014

PURPOSES : Ambiguous decision on whether rural or urban area for road design can increase the construction cost and restrict the land use of surrounding area. However, administrative classification on rural and urban area is not directly related to road design because of this classification is not based on the engineering viewpoint, so method which can explain the road design context is required. METHODS : Method which enables to identify the area for road design is suggested based on the deceleration expected to be experienced by drivers who use the road section concerned. Deceleration rate corresponding to the area such as rural or urban suggested in Road Design Guideline is used as the criteria to identify the area by comparing this value with the estimated deceleration rate at the road section concerned. Speed profile method is utilized to derive the deceleration rate, and speed estimation way for reflecting both road geometry and intersection is suggested using stopping sight distance concept. RESULTS : The procedure of the method application is suggested, and the design example utilizing the method is provided. CONCLUSIONS : The method is expected to be used to identify the area for road design with engineering viewpoint, and design consistency among the roads with similar driving environment can be made.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.53-56
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• 2001

This paper has been developed a millimeter-wave radar to prevent car collision. This system needs to progress the problem as follows; (1) Increase of traffic accidents causing damage and injuries due to the increased number of motor vehicles and long distance driving, (2) Need for a device to help drivers who are in trouble due to bad weather conditions. (3) Need for a millimeter-wave radar as obstacles which need to be detected are small. This system is composited with some major technologies, Narrow beams to recognize obstacles or other objects, One-side circuit technology to prevent interference between electric waves, and Parts designed for radar products which are able to transmit millimeter - waves. The system has a various a application Field, Car distance auto-control system, prevent bump collision due to unexpected stoppage of the front car or careless driving, obstacle warning system, Car following system, and industrial and military purposes system. We have a looking forward to propose to develop field tests under various road conditions and hybrid car sensor by combining with other sensors

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2000

This research suggested a method by which the driver space can be designed to best accommodate the driver's anthropometric characteristics. Three-dimensional manikins and a variable seating buck were developed and used for this study. Manikins were designed with 18 links comprising the 95th percentile male and 5th percentile female data. The seating buck was built to create various driving environments using the distance and the height between the H-point(hip pivot) of the seat and the AHP(accelerator heel point), the angle of the back rest, the angle of the steering wheel, the vertical distance of the steering wheel, and the location of the T.G.S.(transmission gear shift) knob. Measurements of each variable were collected with a coordinate measuring machine by positioning the 3-D manikin under various combinations of the design factors of the seating buck, which was constructed based on mid-size domestic passenger cars. The data were then converted to the joint angles of the driver. The combination of the measurements for an optimal driving environment is suggested by applying sets of the joint angles at which the driver feels comfortable.