• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2024

The advancement of autonomous driving technology is expected to transform cars beyond mere transportation into multifunctional spaces for relaxation and entertainment. As autonomous driving technology becomes more sophisticated, with no need for direct driver control, the interior space of vehicles is anticipated to be utilized for various purposes. Consequently, the importance of car seats, the component most frequently interacted with by passengers during travel, is expected to significantly rise. However, existing car seats are designed according to a seated posture, necessitating verification for passenger safety and seat structure considerations in the context of autonomous driving, where comfortable postures may differ. For these reasons, it is anticipated that the seats of future autonomous vehicles will evolve with the incorporation of additional safety and convenience features. In this study, a three-axis car simulator was employed to investigate seat angles for comfortable postures of passengers in autonomous driving scenarios. Representative postures were identified to enhance passenger convenience. Furthermore, functional design factors contributing to passenger comfort were applied to conduct seat design, seat structure, and collision analysis, with an analysis of the interrelationships among design factors.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2010

As a vehicle speed increases, more vibration energy is transmitted from chassis to a driver. Current isolation system for the driver's seat by damping control can reduce the transmitted vibration energy near resonance area. But in higher frequency region than natural frequency multiplied by $\sqrt{2}$, the vibration energy transmitted to the driver has a tendency to be increased. Therefore, the method by natural frequency reduction of the system is preferred to increase the effectiveness of the anti-vibration. However, the natural frequency could not be freely reduced due to the nature of the isolation system structure. A new passive suspension system to reduce the natural frequency is proposed. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show better vibration attenuation compared with the current isolation system.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.518-523
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• 1995

To improve the set comfort of commercial vehicles in various road conditions, it is necessary to design a seat shock absorber which can avoid the vibration zone imposing the discomfort feeling and fatigue on drivers. Through the vibration and dynamic analysis, a shock absorber that has 4 steps of damping ability is developed. Dynamic characteristics analysis of the seat damper is performed considering each valve and oil path for the design purpose.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 1999

The three design elements of automobile occupant packaging such as pedals, steering wheel, and seat are the most important factors to design an ergonomically sound layout for improving driving comfort and performance. The aim of the study is to find out coherent characteristics of the relationships among three design elements. For this purpose, Triangular Method is suggested. We extracted properties for determining the shape, size, and location of the triangle that is composed of Accelerated Heel Point, Steering Wheel Point, and Hip Point. An experiment was conducted at a seating buck in which the design elements are freely adjustable by the subject to investigate driver's preferred arrangement of three elements. Statistical analyses revealed that there was a subtle change in the shape of triangle according to different percentiles and that the significant difference was observed only for the size of the triangle. The results will be effectively applied to design a comfortable seat packaging layout.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.517-523
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• 2019

최근 운전자와 승차자의 편안함을 제공할 수 있는 기능을 보유한 자동차 시트에 대한 연구가 마사지 기능을 갖는 자동차 시트를 포함하여 다양한 분야에서 수행되고 있다. 마사지 효과는 시간, 크기, 형상과 같은 마사지 패턴에 의존한다. 본 연구에서는 차량용 마사지 시트의 구동장치로 사용되는 선형모터 액츄에이터와 액츄에이터의 효율향상 설계를 위한 전자기해석 및 시뮬레이션 기법을 제안하였다. 선형모터 액츄에이터 설계에 유한요소 기법을 적용하여 전자기 해석을 수행하고, 액츄에이터의 수식모델을 사용한 시뮬레이션을 통해 두드림 마사지 패턴 구현을 위한 전압 파형을 도출하였다. 제작된 액츄에이터와 제어기를 차량용 마사시 시트에 장착하여 마사지 패턴 생성에 대한 성능검증을 통해 개발된 액츄에이터의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2018

Proper seat design is critical to the safety, comfort, and ergonomics of automotive driver's seats. To ensure effective seat design, quantitative methods should be used to evaluate the characteristics of automotive seats. This paper presents a system that is capable of simultaneously monitoring body pressure distribution and surface deformation in a textile material. In this study, a textile-based capacitive sensor was used to detect the body pressure distribution in an automotive seat. In addition, a strain gauge sensor was used to detect the degree of curvature deformation due to high-pressure points. The textile-based capacitive sensor was fabricated from the conductive fabric and a polyurethane insulator with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The strain gauge sensor was attached on the guiding film to maximize the effect of its deformation due to bending. Ten pressure sensors were placed symmetrically in the hip area and six strain gauge sensors were distributed on both sides of the seat cushion. A readout circuit monitored the absolute and relative values from the sensors in realtime, and the results were displayed as a color map. Moreover, we verified the proposed system for quantifying the body pressure and fabric deformation by studying 18 participants who performed three predefined postures. The proposed system showed desirable results and is expected to improve seat safety and comfort when applied to the design of various seat types. Moreover, the proposed system will provide analytical criteria in the design and durability testing of automotive seats.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2017

A rapid increase in traffic accidents involving senior vehicle occupants has been an issue in Korea because of the aging of the population occurring at one of the fastest rates in the world; unfortunately, few studies beyond several looking at the effect of senior occupants on the level of accident injury severity can be found in the literature. A Multinomial logit model was estimated with Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform bias-reducing penalized likelihood optimization. Model covariates integral to developing the model were included, but the main focus was on the interaction of seating position and injury to senior vehicle occupants. It was found that the likelihood of an accident resulting in a fatality increased: 2.2 times for the driver seat, 2.7 times for the front passenger seat, and even 6.7 times for the rear seat. A mandatory seatbelt law to be extended to the rear seat needs to pass the assembly as soon as possible, and government, industry, and safety groups should be encouraged to join forces to strongly carry out targeted campaigns for the wearing of seatbelts in all vehicle seats to enhance the safety of senior occupants as well as other occupants who are vulnerable to road traffic accidents.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2016

자동차 시트는 운행 중에 운전자와 항상 같이 움직이는 핵심부품으로 다양한 기능과 편의장치를 포함하는 제품의 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 경량화 소재를 적용한 경량형 시트 쿠션 익스텐션 모듈 개발을 위해 구조강도 해석평가, 수직강도 시험평가, 그리고 내구강도 시험평가를 수행하였다. 구조해석 결과, 수직 하중 부하 시 변형량의 최대값은 4.98mm로 상판의 최 전단에서 발생하였다. 최대응력은 약 105MPa로 익스텐션 모듈의 상판과 하판이 접촉하는 부분에서 발생함을 확인하였다. 수직강도 시험평가 결과, 수직 하중 부하 시 변형량의 최대값은 5.31mm로 구조해석 결과 대비 약 6.45% 정도의 차이가 나타났으며 수직강도 및 20,000회 내구강도 시험 후 제품에는 작동 시 유해한 변형 및 파괴가 없음을 확인함으로써 구조 안전성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 엔지니어링 플라스틱 소재를 적용하여 기존 양산품 대비 약 30%의 중량절감을 확인하였고 정적 강도, 내구 강도 시험 후 파손이 되지 않으므로 승객의 안정성과 제품의 충분한 강도와 강성을 검증하였다. 본 논문에서 수행한 연구결과는 환경/연비규제 강화에 대응 가능 및 운전자의 피로도 감소로 인한 사고 예방 효과 증대, 고급 승용차뿐만 아니라 소형 및 경차종, 상용차, 특장차 등에 확대 적용, 친환경, 경량화 소재 적용기술을 활용한 타 산업분야 및 부품에 확대 적용이 예상된다.

• 감성과학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

자동차 고급화 추세에 따라 소비자의 차량 실내 환경에 대한 관심이 증가함에 따라 자동차의 기본적 성능뿐만아니라 실내 쾌적성 향상에 관심이 증대되고 있다. 또한 자동차 실내 쾌적성에 대한 연구는 운전자에게 만족을 제공하는데 그치지 않고, 운전자의 불쾌지수 및 스트레스를 낮추어서 교통사고의 위험을 줄이는데 기여할 수 있기 때문에 매우 중요한 연구 주제이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 운전자의 뇌파측정을 통해 통풍시트의 온도변화에 따른 쾌적감 변화와 쾌적온도를 알아보고, 온도변화에 따른 남녀간 쾌적감에 대한 차이를 탐색하고자 하였다. 연구결과 첫째 통풍시 트의 온도가 22℃, 25℃, 28℃에서 각각의 실험군을 비교한 결과 28℃보다 25℃에서 통계적으로 유의하게 쾌적감이 더 높게 나타났다. 둘째 통풍시트 온도 변화에 따른 남녀간 쾌적감에 대한 실험결과 남성과 여성이 온도에 따라 느끼는 쾌적감은 통계적으로 유의한 차가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 자동차의 실내온도와 통풍시트의 온도 변화에 따른 운전자의 쾌적감 변화를 파악하여 상관관계를 분석한다면, 운전자의 쾌적성을 확보하여 휴먼에러로 인한 교통사고를 낮출수 있을 뿐만 아니라 자동차의 전기에너지의 사용량을 줄일 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the vibration absorption effect for the agricultural product transportation-trailer equipped with vibration absorbable connecting hitch, leaf spring suspension, and shock absorber simultaneously (HLS), comparing with the trailer equipped with vibration absorbable connecting hitch only(H), trailer equipped with connecting hitch and leaf spring suspension (HL), and existing trailer with no vibration absorption device (E). Methods: Vertical accelerations were measured at driver seat and front, middle, rear parts of trailer bottom with no load for 4 types of transportation-trailer, and analyzed using FFT analyzer. Results: The magnitude of average vibration accelerations occurred up to 20 Hz, at this low frequencies the severe damage for agricultural products could be represented, was lower (maximum 6 times) for HLS trailer compared with H trailer. And vibration absorption effect for HLS trailer was also higher up to 40-80 Hz and 80-100 Hz, but the difference was less. At driver seat, the vibration absorption effect was high severely for HL and HLS trailer, and the magnitude of vibration acceleration was showed less difference in comparing at trailer bottom. Conclusions: From the test results, it could be recommended that the agricultural products transportation trailer should be equipped with vibration absorption device of HLS.