• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of the sensor interface and driver program for a point of care (POC) device. The proposed pac device comprises an ARM9 embedded processor and eight-channel sensor input to measure various bio-signals. It features a user-friendly interface using a full-color TFT-LCD and touch-screen, and a bluetooth wireless communication module. The proposed device is based on the system on a programmable chip (SOPC). We use Altera's Excalibur device, which has an ARM9 and FPGA area on a chip, as a test bed for the development of interface hardware and driver software.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.426-433
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activity of the lower extremity during driver swing in three-foot positions (Feet Open Stance, Feet Straight Stance, Lead Foot Open Stance). The electromyograms of gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and vastus lateralis during swing were measured and analyzed in three sections (take away - back swing, back swing - down swing, and down swing - follow swing). There was no significant difference in muscle activity according to foot position. Muscle activity according to phase was significantly higher in right gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior, and the left and right vastus lateralis in down swing - follow swing. In conclusion, the difference in muscle activity according to foot position is insignificant, and it is considered that the muscle activity to maintain the balance of the body increases toward the end of swing.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-61
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• 2020

In recent years, the increasing interest in health-care requires the industrial products to be well-designed ergonomically. In the commercial vehicle industry, several researchers have demonstrated the driver's posture has great effect on the orthopedic desease such as fatigue, back pain, scoliosis, and so on. However, the existing sensor systems developed for measuring the driver posture in real time have suffered from inaccuracy and low reliability issues. Here, we suggest our smart vehicle seat system capable of real-time driver posture monitoring by using the air bag sensor package with high sensitivity and reliability. The ergonomic numerical model which can evaluate a driver's posture has been developed on the basis of the human body segmentation method followed by simulation-based validation. Our experimental analysis of obtained pressure distribution of a vehicle seat under the different driver's postures revealed our smart vehicle system successfully achieved the driver's real-time posture data in great agreement with our numerical model.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.116-143
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• 2000

Considerable attention has been devoted in the accounting literature to identify the factors that cause or drive the costs of overhead activities. This paper extends recent cost driver research to the health care provider. In various case studies, it has been suggested that overhead costs are driven by volume and complexity variables. This paper investigates the significance of these variables in determining hospital overhead costs, how they are structurally related and how the cost impacts of these variables can be estimated in practice. This paper analyzes the determinants of hospital costs using the sample of South Korea hospitals for seven year during the period 1952－1997. The paper focuses on the extent to which hospital overhead costs depend on complexity, efficiency in addition to depending on more conventional volume based measures of hospital activity. The results of regression analysis suggest that volume and complexity factors positively and significantly affect overhead costs in the hospital industry. The results show that the complexity-related cost drivers strongly affected on the overhead costs in tile health care provider industry more than manufacturing industry which is mainly affected by volume-related cost drivers. That means each Industry may have different cost structures. Therefore it Is Important to find their proper cost structures and cost drivers and use them. Futhermore identification of overhead or indirect cost drivers is likely to be particularly useful in heath care. The identification of cost drivers can be of benefit to all health care stakeholders because these facilitates more efficient management of the national resources devoted to health care. While this study has documented that the level of service complexity is a significant determinant of hospital overhead costs, caution should be exercised in interpreting this as supportive of the cost accounting procedures associated with ABC. It is an open question whether even a well-designed ABC system will provide suitable proxies for marginal costs for decision making purposes.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.271-280
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a new safety system composed of wearable devices, driver's seat belt, and integrating controllers. The wearable device and driver's seat belt capture driver's biological information, while the integrating controller analyzes captured signal to alarm the driver or directly control the car appropriately according to the status of the driver. Previous studies regarding driver's safety from driver's seat, steering wheel, or facial camera to capture driver's physiological signal and facial information had difficulties in gathering accurate and continuous signals because the sensors required the upright posture of the driver. Utilizing wearable sensors, however, our proposed system can obtain continuous and highly accurate signals compared to the previous researches. Our advanced wearable apparatus features a sensor that measures the heart rate, skin conductivity, and skin temperature and applies filters to eliminate the noise generated by the automobile. Moreover, the acceleration sensor and the gyro sensor in our wearable device enable the reduction of the measurement errors. Based on the collected bio-signals, the criteria for identifying the driver's condition were presented. The accredited certification body has verified that the devices has the accuracy of the level of medical care. The laboratory test and the real automobile test demonstrate that our proposed system is good for the measurement of the driver's condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1179-1187
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• 2023

Recent advancements in modern transportation have led to the active development of various biomedical signal and medical imaging technologies. Particularly, in the field of cognitive/neuroscience, the importance of electroencephalography (EEG) measurement and the development of accurate EEG measurement technology in moving vehicles represent a challenging area. This study aims to extensively investigate and analyze the trends in technology research utilizing EEG during driving. For this purpose, the Scopus database was used to explore EEG-related research conducted since the year 2000, resulting in the selection of about 40 papers. This paper sheds light on the current trends and future directions in signal processing technology, EEG measurement device development, and in-vehicle driver state monitoring technology. Additionally, a ultra compact 32-channel EEG measurement module was designed. By implementing it simply and measuring and analyzing EEG signals, in-vehicle EEG module's functionality was checked. This research anticipates that the technology for measuring and analyzing biometric signals during driving will contribute to driver care and health monitoring in the era of autonomous vehicles.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

In a V2X convergence service environment, the principal service among infotainment services and driver management services must be supported centering on critical information of the driver, maintenance manager, customer, and anonymous user. Many software applications have considered solutions to be satisfied the specific requirements of driving care programs, and plans. This paper describes data flow diagram of a secure clinic system for driving car diagnosis, which is included in clinic configuration, clinic, clinic page, membership, clinic request processing, driver profile data, clinic membership data, and clinic authentication in the V2X convergence service environment. It is reviewed focusing on security threat issue of ITS diagnostic system such as spoofing, tampering, repudiation, disclosure, denial of service, and privilege out of STRIDE model.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 1982

The patient, 11 yeats old male was examined for routine oral health care. He had been hospitalized for treatment of nephritis. Hos physical condition os mental retarded & undergrowth state. In oral examination, notch on cutting edge and screw-driver shaped crown of maxillary central incisors, narrow crown and dwarfed & pinched occlusal surface of lower first molars and scars(rhagades) on the angle of the lip were shown. We diagnosed the above symptoms as dental defects of congenital syphilis; Huchinson's inscisors and mulberry molar.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.249-259
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• 2014

This study has analyzed the factors that influence the safety consciousness of school bus drivers at Child Care Centers. To achieve this, 276 directors and drivers of owner-operator who drives the school bus at Child Care Centers in Chungnam, Chungbuk and Daejeon area were selected as study subjects. For the data analysis, PASW Statistics 18.0 was used. The main results of this study are as follows. The level of safety consciousness of directors and drivers of owner-operator were 6.46 and 6.82 respectively showing that drivers of owner-operator were significantly higher. Second, the factors that influence the safety consciousness were shown to be significantly different for each group. The factors that influence the safety consciousness of directors were shown in the order of whether or not the accident was experienced, safety-seeking motivation, sensation-seeking disposition, safety consciousness of caregivers, perception-motor skill. The factors that influence the safety consciousness of drivers of owner-operator were shown in the order of safety-seeking motivation, health status, daily driving hours, economic status, safety consciousness of caregivers. Based on these results, several ways were suggested to improve the safety consciousness of school bus drivers at Child Care Centers and prevent the traffic accidents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1693-1698
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• 2015

The heterogeneous nature of lung cancer has become increasingly apparent since introduction of molecular classification. In general, advanced lung cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Activating alterations in several potential driver oncogenic genes have been identified, including EGFR, ROS1 and ALK and understanding of their molecular mechanisms underlying development, progression, and survival of lung cancer has led to the design of personalized treatments that have produced superior clinical outcomes in tumours harbouring these mutations. In light of the tsunami of new biomarkers and targeted agents, next generation sequencing testing strategies will be more appropriate in identifying the patients for each therapy and enabling personalized patients care. The challenge now is how best to interpret the results of these genomic tests, in the context of other clinical data, to optimize treatment choices. In genomic era of cancer treatment, the traditional one-size-fits-all paradigm is being replaced with more effective, personalized oncologic care. This review provides an overview of lung cancer genomics and personalized treatment.