• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.699-707
• /
• 2003

This study examined the effectiveness of two commonly used dietary assessment methods (the 24-hour recall and the food frequency questionnaire) in the epidemiological investigations of health-related habits and degenerative diseases. This cross sectional project in the Seoul area was conducted for the purpose of establishing cohort subjects and collecting reliable nutrient intake data for a further large-scale cross sectional study. The subjects were 91 volunteers from the Seoul area with a mean age of 53.5 \pm 9.6 for the males and 52.2 \pm 8.9 for the females. The subjects had a relatively high educational background, were from high socioeconomic levels, and were greatly concerned about healthrelated life styles. There was a significantly negative correlation between their smoking and their nutrient intake. Their drinking habits, their self-estimated health status and their concern or stress about being healthy did not have any influence on their nutrient intakes. Skipping meals was the most undesirable dietary habit influencing their nutrient intakes, and the next was their irregularity of eating meals. The subjects who liked legumes and fish had higher intakes of iron and niacin and those who liked milk and dairy products had higher intakes of calcium, vitamin \B_2 and fat. The subjects who considered themselves not to be healthy consumed higher amounts of fish and shell-fish, and those who considered themselves to be healthy consumed higher amounts of vegetables. The smokers consumed less fruits than non-smokers, but there was no correlation between their drinking and consumption of the food groups. There was no correlation between their food consumption frequency and their skipping meals or meal irregularity. There were positive correlations between their food likes and food consumption frequency for foods such as meat, milk and dairy products, seaweeds and fruits. Therefore, their smoking, skipping meals and meal irregularity appeared to greatly influence their nutrient intakes. Significant correlations were found between their health-related habits and their food group preferences and food frequencies. This implies that simple surveying methods using criteria such as smoking, skipping meals and meal irregularity, food group preferences and eating frequencies can be used as useful tools in the assessment of nutritional statuses.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.362-378
• /
• 1999

This study is to investigate sex role identity and health behavior among university students in Seoul, during the late of 1999. The instruments for data obtainment were KSRI of Kim(1994), and Health Style : A Self-Test provided by ODPHP National Health Information Center. These instrument were reliable, showing Cronbach $\alpha$ .98 and .77. Frequency, t-test, $x^2$-test, stepwise regression were conducted for data analysis, using SAS 6.12 program. The major findings were as follows : 1. For female student. Androgeny(34.0%)type was most common and subjects of feminity type were 28.7%. In contrast, Masculinity type(41.8%) was most prevalent. and undifferentiated type was 30.1% among male students. There were significant difference between male and female student in the type of sex role identity. 2. 89.6% of all subjects were included in risk group for exercise and physical activity, 86.4% for diet habit, 43.2% for alcohol drinking and drug use, 35.6% for stress control, 32.8% for safety behavior, 24.8% for smoking. The big health risk behavior problem of male students were smoking, drinking, diet habit, and exercise. The important health risk behavior problem were diet habit and exercise. There were significant difference in smoking, drinking, exercise between sex. 3. Analysis of the distribution by sex role identity type and health behavior revealed that subjects who were undifferentiated typed group had high risk behavior in stress control, safety, exercise, drinking. Smoking and drinking were more problematic for masculinity typed group had high risk behavior in diet and exercise. The data showed that androginy typed group had more healthy behavior, compared with other sex role identity typed group for all of health behavior. Further research is need to understand the role of sex role identity in health behavior, the variables associated with them. And sex role identity has to be considered in research and practice about health promotion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between health behavior and residence types of university students. Methods: Using a quota sampling method by gender and residence type, 364 male and female students (126 students who live in their own house (SH), 123 students who live in board themselves (SB), and 115 students who live in a dormitory (SD)) were selected from one university in Ulsan. Five categories on smoking, drinking, exercise, eating, and sleeping were used to describe health behavior of the participants. Results: Difference of smoking, drinking, eating, and sleeping habits was existed in classifications of residence types of participants. Regarding the current smoking rate, frequency of drinking, and amount of drinking, the result of SB was higher than that of SH or SD. The score of eating habit of SB was lower than that of SH or SD. SD exercised much less than SB or SH. Conclusion: To prevent aggravation of SB health habits, an education program for comprehensive health promotion is needed for university students to improve their smoking, drinking, exercise, and eating habits.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.31-48
• /
• 2015

This study examined the factors affecting the client's binge drinking, and the client and parents' change led by family therapy. From August to November 2011, the counseling case of this research was consisted of a total of 9 sessions-individual, parents, mother-daughter, father-daughter, and family counseling. This study utilized verbatim and audio recordings, and employed Miles and Huberman(1994) matrix and network to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that the factors that influenced the client's binge drinking included the family's dysfunctional communication method, adverse rearing attitude owing to unresolved emotional problems from the family-of-origin, and the client family's peculiar environment and culture. The therapist's intervention included making the client aware of his own problem, helping to gain insight and understand the parents' family-of-origin, connecting the past family-of-origin and the present, identifying attempted solutions, making aware of new change, and suggesting new communication methods. Through the therapist's intervention employing MRI interactional family therapy model and Bowen's family systems theory, the family members experienced changes; perception of all family members that participated in the counseling changed, and accordingly, their communication method and attitude changed as well. Through these changes in the family, the client's alcohol consumption reduced in terms of both frequency and amount, thus was able to solve their binge drinking problem.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.236-245
• /
• 2012

This study aimed to compare the drinking behavior and health promoting lifestyle between Korean (n=304) and Japanese (n=244) female nursing students. The average score of health promoting lifestyle was statistically significant different after controlling covariables between the two countries. Spiritual growth of Korean was higher, while nutritional habits, interpersonal relationship and stress management of Japanese were higher. The frequency and amount of drinking, and the number of heavy drinkers of Korean were more than that of Japanese. The probability to be heavy drinkers in Korea was higher in interpersonal relationship and lower in spiritual growth, however the probability to be heavy drinkers in Japan was higher in health responsibility. Health educators need to provide nursing college students health education to improve healthy lifestyle including drinking behaviors.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of Socio-demographic Characteristics, perceived stress and depression of college students in Daegu and Kyungbuk provinces on problem drinking behavior. The subjects of the study were 295 college students who understood and agreed on the purpose of this study and conducted questionnaires using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that depression was the most influential factor in the problem drinking behavior of college students in Daegu and Kyungbuk provinces, followed by gender, academic performance, and residental type. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intervention program that takes into account the social psychological approach to prevent depression of college students and the characteristics of gender, academic performance, and residental type in order to prevent problem drinking of college students.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2000

Lifestyle and dietary behavior intervention as the primary prevention of lipid disorder seems safe and compatible with other treatments of cardiovascular diseases. Cross-sectional associations between lifestyle factors and dietary behavioral factors with plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels were analyzed in 189 middle-aged men in Suwon, Korea. Overnight fasting plasma levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein(HDL)-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and glucose were analyzed. Blood pressure and anthropometric data were also measured. Lifestyle factors such as smoking status, alcohol consumption and frequency of physical exercise were evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire. Questions regarding dietary behavior were also asked. The subjects were 43.8%${\pm}$7.9 years old, and 23.8%${\pm}$2.6kg/m$^2$. From stepwise regression analyses, significant correlates with total cholesterol level were body mass index(BMI), alcohol intake(negative), age and coffee drinking(model R$^2$=14.3%). BMI, breakfast-skipping, age, and sleeping hours were significant for triacylglycerol level(model R$^2$=15.8%). BMI, alcohol drinking(negative), age, and coffee drinking were significant for low-density lipoprotein(LDL)(model R$^2$=11.7%). Age(negative), BMI(negative), alcohol drinking, stress level(negative), physical exercise, and cigarette smoking(negative) were significant for high-density lipoprotein(HDL)(model R$^2$=12.1%). From stepwise regression analyses, excluding BMI and age as factors in the model, alcohol intake(negative) and coffee drinking were significantly correlated with total cholesterol level(model R$^2$=4.4%) : breakfast-skipping with triacylglycerol(model R$^2$=3.2%) : alcohol intake (negative) with LDL level(model R$^2$=3.4%) : alcohol intake, physical exercise and stress level(negative) with HDL level(model R$^2$=6.3%). The findings suggest that a healthy daily lifestyle and dietary behavior may have an anti-atherogenic effect by altering plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels in middle-aged Korean men. (J Community Nutrition 2(2) : 119∼128, 2000)

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.196-207
• /
• 2009

For the estimation of prevalence state of major chronic adult disease and their relationships with drinking and smoking habits in the Korean employees, we analyzed a medical check-up data of 155,799 subjects that was accumulated during the year of 2008. In age and sex distribution of the sample, male subjects were 106,229 and female 51,827 showing the ratio of 2:1 and the majorities were 30s and 40s covering 70.7% of the total. The prevalence rates of major chronic diseases were obesity 29.8% (male 38.3%, female 12.3%), hypertension 4.1%, HBV carrier inactive 3.3%, diabetes mellitus 2.9%, hypothyroidism 1.7% (male 1.3%, female 2.4%), hyperlipidemia 1.1%, hyperthyroidism 1.4% (male 1.1%, female 2.1%), osteoporosis 1.4% (male 1.4%, female 1.4%), anemia 0.9% (male 0.3%, female 2.0%) and renal disease 0.9%. The frequency of and volume of drinking in male group were 4.6 times and 7.5 times higher than female group respectively. The 33.8% of the workers were smoking currently. In the serological tests, all the items such as AST, ALT, ${\gamma}-GTP$, LDH for liver function, Cholesterol, TG, uric acid for hyperlipidemia and BP systolic, Fasting blood sugar, BMI for metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in the more drinking and more smoking groups than other groups (p<0.001). The higher prevalence rates in male group in the liver disease seems to be strongly related with the drinking and smoking habits in male employees. We suggest that employees should rather relying on leisure or hobbies than drinking and smoking for the stress relief.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.46
• /
• pp.288.1-288.12
• /
• 2018

Background: Diarrheal and intestinal infectious disease caused by inadequate drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is not only a great concern in developing countries but also a problem in low-income populations and rural areas in developed countries. In this study, we assessed the exposure to inadequate WASH in Korea and estimated the burden of disease attributable to inadequate WASH. Methods: We used observational data on water supply, drinking water, sewage treatment rate, and hand washing to assess inadequate WASH conditions in Korea, and estimated the level of exposure in the entire population. The disease burden was estimated by applying the cause of death data from death registry and the morbidity data from the national health insurance to the population attributable fraction (PAF) for the disease caused by inappropriate WASH. Results: In 2013, 1.4% of the population were exposed to inadequate drinking water, and 1.0% were living in areas where sewerage was not connected. The frequency of handwashing with soap after contact with excreta was 23.5%. The PAF due to inadequate WASH as a cluster of risk factors was 0.353 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.275-0.417), among which over 90% were attributable to hand hygiene factors that were significantly worse than those in American and European high-income countries. Conclusion: The level of hand hygiene in Korea has yet to be improved to the extent that it shows a significant difference compared to other high-income countries. Therefore, improving the current situation in Korea requires a continuous hand washing campaign and a program aimed at all people. In addition, continuous policy intervention for improvement of sewage treatment facilities in rural areas is required, and water quality control monitoring should be continuously carried out.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.1130-1139
• /
• 2024

Objective: The daily maximum temperature and seawater level continuously increase as global warming continues. We examined the adaptability and production performance of heat-stressed goats with a supply of low-saline drinking water. Methods: Twelve Kacang and Kacang Etawah cross goats were exposed to two climatic conditions (control, 25℃ to 33℃, 83% relative humidity [RH], temperature humidity index [THI]: 76 to 86; and hot environment, 26℃ to 39℃, 81% RH, THI: 77 to 94) and two salt levels in drinking water (0% and 0.4% NaCl). The experimental design was a Latin Square (4×4) with four treatments and four periods (28 days each). Results: Temperature of the rectal, skin, and udder, and respiration rate rose, reached a maximum level on the first day of heat exposures, and then recovered. Plasma sodium rose at 0.4% NaCl level, while the hot environment and salinity treatments increased the drinking water to dry matter (DM) intake ratio. Water excretion was elevated in the hot environment but lowered by the increase in salinity. Total lying time increased, whereas change position frequency decreased in the hot condition. Lying and ruminating and total ruminating time increased and explained the enhanced DM digestibility in the hot conditions. Conclusion: The goats exhibited a high level of plasma sodium as salinity increased, and they demonstrated physiological and behavioral alterations while maintaining their production performances under increasing daily maximum temperatures.