• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2017

목적: 예방접종 정책과 프로그램 수립에 있어 청소년의 인플루엔자 백신접종률은 중요한 정보를 제공한다. 본 연구는 국내 청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종률을 파악하고 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법: 2007년부터 2012년 그리고 2014년에 시행된 제4-6기 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 만 12-18세 청소년 중 인플루엔자 백신 예방접종 여부에 유, 무를 응답한 5,213명을 대상으로 건강설문 자료를 활용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 연구 대상자의 인플루엔자 예방접종률은 23.2% (범위, 21.1%-24.7%)였다. 연구 대상자들 중, 초등학생인 경우(odds ratio [OR], 1.706; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.526-1.906)와 주관적 건강 인식에서 건강 인식이 좋을수록(OR, 1.192; 95% CI, 1.057-1.344) 더 높은 접종률을 보였다. 음주를 하지 않고(OR, 1.769; 95% CI, 1.474-2.122) 흡연 경험이 없는 청소년(OR, 1.459; 95% CI, 1.144-1.860)에서 접종률이 높았고, 폐렴으로 의사에게 진단받은 경험이 있는 경우(OR, 1.469; 95% CI, 1.076-2.006) 접종을 많이 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론: 국내 청소년 중 예방접종률이 낮은 집단인 중, 고등학생과 주관적으로 건강상태가 나쁘다고 생각하는 그룹 및 음주, 흡연을 하는 청소년들을 대상으로 한 적극적인 예방접종 홍보 정책이 요구된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2005

Objective : This study examined the socioeconomic differentials for the health and health related behaviors among South Korean middle school students. Methods : A nationwide cross-sectional interview survey of 3,449 middle school second-grade students and their parents was conducted using a stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method. The response rate was 93.3%. The socioeconomic position indicators were based on self-reported information from the students and their parents: parental education, father's occupational class, monthly family income, out-of-pocket expenditure for education, housing ownership, educational expectations, educational performance and the perceived economic hardships. The outcome variables that were measured were also based on the self-reported information from the students. The health measures included self-rated health conditions, psychological or mental problems, the feelings of loneliness at school, the overall satisfaction of life and the perceived level of stress. The health related behaviors included were smoking, alcohol drinking, sexual intercourse, violence, bullying and verbal and physical abuse by parents. Results : Socioeconomic differences for the health and health related behaviors were found among the eighth grade boys and girls of South Korea. However, the pattern varied with gender, the socioeconomic position indicators and the outcome measures. The prevalence rates of the overall dissatisfaction with life for both genders differed according to most of the eight socioeconomic position indicators. All the health measures were significantly different according to the perceived economic hardship. However, the socioeconomic differences in the self-rated health conditions and the psychosocial or mental problems were not clear. The students having higher socioeconomic position tended to be a perpetrator of bullying while those students with lower socioeconomic position were more likely to be a victim. Conclusions : The perceived economic hardships predicted the health status among the eighth graders of South Korea. The overall satisfaction of life was associated with the socioeconomic position indicators. Further research efforts are needed to explore the mechanisms on how and why the socioeconomic position affects the health and health related behaviors in this age group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.425-430
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• 2005

Objectives : To investigate the prevalence of Clonorchis Sinensis infestation and to determine the associated risk factors among a population in a part of the rural area of Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, which is an area known to have a high mortality from liver cancer and a high infection of C. sinensis. Methods : The study populat ion consisted of those people who have lived in rural areas and who were over 40 years old. This study was performed in 5 areas during the period from 1999 to 200 3. Informed consents were obtained from the 2,381 study participants, and these people were interviewed about their life style habits with using the structured questionnaire that was administered by trained staff members. The subjects underwent blood sampling and their stool specimens were examined by using the Formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Results : Among the study subjects (N=2,381), the positivity for C. sinensis in the stool was 34.4% (95% CI=36.3-42.5); it was 39.4% (95% CI=36.3-42.5) in the males and 30.9% (95% CI=28.5-33.3) in the females . The positivity for C. sinensis was associated with current alcohol drinking (odds ratio=1.8, 95% CI: 1.5-2.1) and raw fish consumption (odds ratio 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.6). Conclusion : The present study confirmed the high prevalence of C. sinensis in the study subjects. It is necessary to establish consistent medical management and education programs for the treatment and prevention of C. sinensis infestation in the rural inhabitants of Korea.

• 생태와환경
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• 제38권2호통권112호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2005

전남-광주권의 주요 상수원의 하나인 주암호의 2개 정점 (취수탑, 문덕교)에서 2003년 1월부터 12월까지 매월1회씩 환경요인과 식물플랑크톤 군집의 변동을 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 두 정점의 환경요인은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 식물플랑크톤 출현 및 종 조성은 뚜렷한 차이를 나타냈다. 식물플랑크톤은 6분류군 중 녹조류 (41.8%), 규조류(35.8%)가 가장 높은 종 출현을 보였으며, 와편모조류 (46.3%), 남조류 (27.6%)가 가장 높은 현존량을 나타냈다. 취수탑에서는 저온기를 중심으로 주로 Peridinium bipes, 문덕교에서는 고온기를 중심으로 Microcystis aeruginosa가 각각 우점하였으며, 수온 및 조사 정점에 대한 지표성이 높았다. CCA 분석에 따르면, P, bjpes은 DO와 COD에 의해, M. aeruginosa는 수온이나 총질소에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 주암호의 식물플랑크톤 군집은 1차적으로 수온에 의해 크게 지배되며, 호수내 연간 1차 생산에 있어 두 우점종 P, bjpes, M. aeruginosa가 가장 크게 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.133-160
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• 1973

1. Introduction Community medicine with the concept of comprehensive medical care and an ideal medical care delivery system not only for an individual or family but for the whole community has emerged. In April 1970, the Presbyterian Medical Center started a hospital based community health service project in order to improve the health of the people in rural areas. Prior to commencing a comprehensive medical care system, a family survey was needed. The major objective of this survey was to obtain information concerning the people and their environment so as to be able to plan and implement a comprehensive medical care program in Soyang-Myun. 2. Survey Method An interview using a family record form was carried out for each household. This family record form was designed to get information about demography, family planning, environmental sanitation and vital statistics. Prior to beginning, the members of the survey team were trained in interviewing techniques for three days. The team consisted of a public health nurse, four nurse-aides, a sanitarian and four health extension workers who are working in our project, The survey was carried out during the period November 1971 to March 1972. 3. Project area 1) Population of Soyang-Myun was 11,668; male, 5,962 and female, 5,706. Sex ratio: 104.5. 2) Households : 1,858 3) Family size: The average household consisted of 6.3 persons. 4) Educational level of householder a. Illiterate 13% b. No schooling but able to read 10% c. Preschool children 19% d. Primary school 47% e. Middle school 7% f. High school 3% g. College or University 1% 5) Occupational distribution of householders a. Farmer 67% b. Laborer 13% c. Office worker 4% d. Merchant 4% e. Industrial worker 2% f. Unemployed 8% g. Miscellaneous 2% 6) Religious affiliation a. No religion 74% b. Buddhist 12% c. Protestant 10% d. Catholic 4% 4. Survey results Living Environment : a. Home ownership 95% b. Kinds of roofing Straw-thatched house 84% Tile-roofed house 10% Slate-roofed house 5% Other 1% c. Floor space Less than 6 pyong 10% 6-10 pyong 53% 11-15 pyong 24% 16-20 pyong 9% More than 20 pyong 4% d. Radio ownership 80% Environmental Sanitation : a. the source of drinking water public well 49% private well 30% drainage water 9% steam water 8% well pump 3% water distribution system 1% b. Distance between well and toilet more than 16meters 38% 6-10 meter 31% 11-15 meters 14% Less than 6 meters 17% c. The status of well management Bad 72% Fair 26% Good 2% d. General sanitary state of house Bad 37% Fair 51% Good 12% e. House drainage system had no house drainage. 77% Family Planning : a. 24% of the people have used contraceptives, but 12% ceased to use them. 76% have never used contraceptives. b. used methods 1oop 68% oral pill 16% vasectomy 4% condom 1% tubal ligation 1% two or more methods 10% Maternal Health : a. The number of conceptions of housewives under 50 years of age. 11 times 26% 6 times 11% 5 times 11% 4 times 9% b. The place of delivery own house 88% hospital 1% others 11% Treatment of general sickness : a. The place of treatment Soyang Health Center 31% Hospital (private or otherwise) 26% Pharmacy 14% Herb medicine 5% Private care 5% No treatment 12% Miscellaneous 7% b. Usual causes of diseases Unknown 46% Tuberculosis 29% Neuralgia 8% CVA 3% Bronchitis 3% Others 11%

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.272-283
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• 2007

This study was performed to delineate the relationship between lifestyle and nutritional risk factors associated with hypertension in representative middle-aged Korean population. Hypertension in this study is defined as hypertensive ($SBP{\geq}140mmHg\;or\;DBP{\geq}90mmHg$) adults without recognition of a disease state before a health exam. With data from the 1998 and 2001 National Health and Nutritional Survey, nutrient intakes of 6,112 adults, 40-64 years of age were calculated using food composition database and matched with health examination records by individual ID. After excluding those with extreme intake values, the number of final subjects included in the analysis was 5,200 (male 2,458, female 2,742). Using logistic regression method, socio-demographic data, lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes were analyzed. Risky factors for hypertension revealed in this study were age, sex, BMI over 23, waist circumference, alcohol intake of more than 16g (male) or 8g (female). Regarding nutrient intakes, the intakes of highest quartile for energy (${\geq}2363.0kcal$) and protein (${\geq}90.2g$) were significantly associated with higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, and other socio-demographic factors (OR=1.312(1.046-1.711), OR=1.488(1.194-1.854), respectively)). Although high intakes of sodium (${\geq}6604.0mg$) and phosphorus seemed to be risk factors of hypertension also before energy adjustment (OR=1.278(1.034-1.581), OR=1.280(1.024-1.600), respectively), only high intakes of energy and protein remained significant after adjustment. This study revealed that modifying risky lifestyles and dietary patterns, especially high energy intake, high protein intake, and high alcohol drinking, in middle-aged Korean adults could result in a prevalence decrease and/or prevention of hypertension.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-68
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• 1986

The present survey was designed to investigate correlations among blood pressure, nutritional intakes, and various environmental factors in Korean adult males, and to observe the difference in dietary intakes between hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. Two hundred forty-three adult men from Seoul and rural areas were interviewed about their food intakes, dietary patterns, food habits, and general environmental factors from December 20, 1982 to February 15, 1983. Their dietary intakes were surveyed by means of 24-hour recall diet method. Dietary score card was used in order to evaluate the quality of routine diet of the subject. Variables of environmental factors and factors related to hypertension were expressed as percentage, and the differences in nutrient intake and food score of each sub-group were examined by means of t-test. Correlation of all the variables were analyzed by Pearsons Correlation Coefficient. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. 38% of the subjects were between the ages of 40~49, and about one-half of the subjects were middle or high school graduates. 28% of the subjects earned 210, 000~350, 000 Won per month, and income distribution was almost identical to that of the urban population of Korea. 2. There was more overweight or obese found in the hypertensive patients than in the normotensive subjects. About 40% of the hypertensive patients reported a family history of hypertension, and their knowledge about hypertension was rather poor, but slightly better than the normotensive subjects. The patient group had less adherence to smoking and alcohol compared with the normotensive subjects, but no difference was observed in coffee drinking. The mean value of the blood pressure for the normotensive subjects was 127/86mmHg and 175/109mmHg for the hypertensive group. 3. Nutrient intake for the hypertensive group was lower for most of nutrients than in the healthy group. Hypertensive patients on diet therapy consumed less calories and carbohydrates compared with those who do not follow diet therapy. 4. There was no difference intake of these food groups between patients and the healthy group. Food score was strongly related to consumption of animal protein, saturated fats, Calcium, Iron, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, and Vitamin C, which are prone to be deficient in the typical Korean diet. 5. Blood pressure had a strong positive correlation with age, body weight, and socioeconomic level. In addition, monthly income was positively related with age and education level. 6. Three was a positive relationship between blood pressure and consumption of vegetable protein, and a negative relationship with consumption of Calories, Carbohydrates, Calcium, Iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin B1, Niacin, and Vitamin C. Animal protein intake increased as income and education levels increased, but this tendency was opposite for carbohydrates. In summary, nutritional intakes are strongly correlated with various environmental factors and the level of blood pressure. There was no difference between normotensive and hypertensive subjects with respect to the quality of food consumed except restricting energy and carbohydrate in the patient group.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.353-366
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 심정지 발생의 지역별 변이요인을 규명하는 것이다. 분석을 위하여 244개 행정구역별로 건강상태 및 심정지발생에 관한 지표를 수집하여 분석용 데이터 셋을 구축하였다. 지표 선정을 위해 질병관리본부의 2010년 심정지 조사자료와 지역사회 건강조사자료를 이용하였다. 자료 분석은 다중회귀분석, 지리적 가중회귀분석, 의사결정나무분석 기법을 이용하였다. 의사결정나무를 이용하여 심정지 발생의 지역별 변이를 설명하는 최종 모형을 설정하였다. 최종 모형인 의사결정나무에 근거한 지역별 변이요인은 인구밀도, 고혈압 평생의사 경험진단율, 스트레스 인지율, 고지혈증 평생의사 경험진단율, 우울증 경험률, 건강검진 수검율, 고위험음주율, 현재 흡연율로 나타났다. 심정지 발생을 감소시키기 위한 지역별 보건정책의 수립은 지역의 건강상태, 건강행위 및 사회경제적 요인 등에 근거하여 이루어질 필요가 있다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.591-629
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to examine how the village community centers are being used and find how to improve leisure activities of elders in rural areas by using them. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, we did convenience sampling from elders using 92 village community centers in one of the counties in Gyeong-gi province, and did field survey to 343 persons. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 18 program, and the results are as follows: The survey on population sociological peculiarity of elders using village community centers shows that most of elders are over 70 years old. As for health conditions, there are more elders who are physically weaker than healthy elders. And the survey shows that most of the elders are suffering from illness such as hypertension, arthritis, neuralgia, and indigestion so such programs related to health are critically required. First, the survey on using village community centers by elders in rural areas shows that they think the village community centers are important for them and use them often. Most of respondents said that they use the village community center so as to meet friends, to enjoy leisure, and to spend time in rural areas where they have difficulty enjoying cultural facilities. Meanwhile, some people dislike to use the village community centers mainly because there is few programs for leisure or each one has a different personality or they don't have enough money to pay for the membership fee. Second, according to the survey on leisure for the elders in village community centers, there are few leisure programs. For men, they spend time by playing Baduk, Janggi, Hwatu and drinking. Meanwhile, women spend time by meeting with friends, listening to radio and TV watching. There are almost nothing to improve leisure activities such as hobby, recreation and health etc. Male elders using centers are suffering from health problems, economic difficulty, and lack of leisure activities, meanwhile, female elders are suffering from loneliness, health problems, and economic difficulty. Third, according to the survey on improving the leisure program of village community center, elders preferred health related programs to improve leisure activities. The most necessary leisure activities in village community center are hobby classrooms, health programs and group travelling. They preferred health related programs for leisure in village community center. Based upon the reality described above, improving the village community centers as leisure facilities is considered to be important for the welfare well of elders in rural areas.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2019

Objectives: This study investigated dietary and lifestyle factors associated with the weight status among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 1,751 multicultural families' adolescents who participated in the 2017-2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Information on dietary and lifestyle factors was self-reported using a web-based questionnaire and this information included breakfast and foods consumption, perceived health status, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, and weight control efforts. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated based on the self-reported height and body weight (kg/㎡). Weight status was assessed according to the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart: underweight (weight-for-age <5^th percentiles), overweight (85^th≤ BMI-for-age <95^th percentiles), and obese (BMI-for-age ≥95^th percentiles). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with weight status after adjustment for covariates. Results: Among Korean adolescents from multicultural families, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 20.9%, whereas about 7% of adolescents were underweight. The weight status did not show differences according to gender, school level, area of residence, and household income. Compared to adolescents who did not have breakfast during the previous week, those who had breakfast 3-4 days/week and ≥5 days/week had a 42% (p=0.021) and a 37% (p=0.009) lower prevalence of overweight/obesity, respectively. The adolescents who frequently consumed carbonated soft drinks (≥5 times/week) showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI=1.01-2.83) for overweight/obesity relative to those adolescents who did not consume carbonated soft drinks. The OR of being underweight for adolescents who ate fast food ≥3 times/week was 1.97 (95% CI=1.04-3.71) compared to those adolescents who had not eaten fast food during the previous week. Conclusions: Dietary and lifestyle factors were associated with overweight/obesity as well as underweight among Korean adolescents in multicultural families. Our findings could be used to design and provide nutrition interventions for this specific population.