• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.116-123
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• 2014

In this paper, a novel unequal broadband out-of-phase power divider (PD) is presented. Double-sided parallel-strip lines (DSPSLs) are employed to achieve an out-of-phase response. Also, an asymmetric dual-band matching structure with two external isolation resistors is utilized to obtain arbitrary unequal power division, in which the resistors are directly grounded for heat sinking. A through ground via (TGV), connecting the top and bottom sides of the DSPSLs, is used to short the isolation components. Additionally, this property can efficiently improve the broadband matching and isolation bandwidths. To investigate the proposed divider in detail, a set of design equations are derived based on the circuit theory and transmission line theory. The theoretical analysis shows that broadband responses can be obtained as proper frequency ratios are adopted. To verify the proposed concept, a sample divider with a power division of 2:1 is demonstrated. The measured results exhibit a broad bandwidth from 1.19 GHz to 2.19 GHz (59.2%) with a return loss better than 10 dB and port isolation of 18 dB.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.14-17
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• 2011

Autologous breast reconstruction after mastectomy in breast cancer patient is now increasing. The deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) free flap is well known as an ideal donor site for the microsurgical breast reconstruction. The branching pattern of the DIEA was well described in the literature. In that study, DIEA has three branching patterns near the arcuate line. We describe a case in which branching variation of the DIEA before entering the posterior surface of the rectus abdominis muscle. In three cases, DIEA originated from the external iliac artery ascended as a double trunk at 1cm, 2cm, and 4cm above the originating point, respectively. In one case, DIEA ascended as a single trunk along the linea alba toward to the umbilicus until it supply overlying subcutaneous tissue. Preoperative 3D computed tomographic angiography to identify the anomaly is recommended and meticulous dissection to the originating point of DIEA is needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 1974

This is a case report of successful surgical correction of coarctation of the aorta associated with the patent ductus arteriosus and the persistent left superior vena cava. The patient was a 15 year old girl and congenital heart anomaly was suspected at the sixth month after birth. Afterward there has been no embarrassing symptoms until the day of operation except slight dyspnea on exertion, The diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta and the patent ductus arteriesus detected by physical signs and X-ray studies including aortography. In the first place, coarctation of the aorta was corrected with following procedure: partial resections of the aortic wall just above and below the coarctating line of the aorta and removal of diaphragmatic structure of coarctation performed by. cross clamping aorta above and below coarctation, and then the defect of the aortic wall was closed by lateral aortorrhapic suture with atraumatic needle 3-0 silk continuously [Fig. 6]. In the second place, the patent ductus arteriosus was closed with double ligation method. The persistent left superior vena cava left as it has been, because there has been no evidence of hemodynamic abnormal shunt. After operation, excellent result was obtained; blood pressure in the upper and lower extremities was normalized and subjective complains of hypertension in the upper extremity was disappeared.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

Recently, the interest in the smart buildings is increasing in the architecture field. Among them, a research of facade design using a transformable system that can adjust the effect of the external environment is in progress. One of a typical example of the deployable system is a Scissors system that can change shape by using the geometric conditions of a unit member. Scissors system is a high-tech structural system which can construct the deployable plan and curved space by using the SLE (Scissors-Like Element) consisted of two Bar and Pivot. If the facade is designed by applying Scissors system, it is possible to maximize the performance and aesthetic effect of the structure by using a shape change of the line member. This paper presents a study of deployable facade design applying hybrid-typed Scissors system. A new deployable pattern of facade design is developed by combining Angulated Scissors system and tessellation pattern. Applying the deployable pattern a double skin construction method which is to add an outer wall for design, it raises three dimensional effects and can maximize the artistic essence of the change in shape upon deployment.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.151-177
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• 2004

Recently, the educational community has attempted to implement the theory of multiple intelligences. In approaching multiple intelligences, teachers have applied the same structural approach which has been so successful with cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is easy to learn and implement, fun for teachers and students, and produce profoundly positive outcomes along a remarkable number of dimensions. Different structures are designed for different outcomes, including enhanced mastery of subject matter, improved thinking skills, team building, class building, development of social character and social skills, communication skills, classroom management, classroom discipline, and development of and engagement of each of the multiple intelligences. Cooperative learning is becoming an increasingly popular teaching strategy. In this study, it is aimed to clarify the application of cooperative learning in health education. Cooperative Learning in health education enhances student learning by: 1) providing a shared cognitive set of information between students, 2) motivating students to learn the material, 3) ensuring that students construct their own health knowledge, 4) providing formative feedback, 5) developing social and health group skills necessary for success outside the classroom, and 6) promoting positive interaction between members of different cultural and socio-economic groups. Cooperative Learning structures and techniques in health education are following. Flash Card, Focused Listing, Structured Problem-solving, Paired Annotations, Structured Learning Team Group Roles, Send-A-Problem, Value Line, Uncommon Commonalities, Team Expectations, Double Entry Journal, Guided Reciprocal Peer Questioning, What if. Because the purpose of health education is the practice, therefore health specialists have to guide powerful and effective teaching method The application of cooperative learning in health education may improve its effectiveness.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.337-338
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• 2008

KEPCO has built, for the first time in the world, 765㎸ double circuit transmission lines which use vertically arranged phase conductor, while 765㎸ transmission lines in other countries are single circuit lines and use horizontally arranged phase conductor. System operating voltage, switching overvoltage, and lightning overvoltage were considered in determining the air gap. Recently, however, lightning outage rate of some 765㎸ transmission lines in KOREA shows that it is more than what is expected. Lightning fault of 765㎸ transmission lines is mostly single phase grounding fault which can be reclosed. But it still needs to be carefully managed, for the bulk system like 765㎸ transmission lines have huge effects on whole power system. This paper introduces analysis and countermeasure of KEPCO's 765㎸ transmission line lightning outage.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.499-506
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• 2013

The accurate estimation of a fault location is desired in distance protection schemes for transmission lines in order to selectively deactivate a faulted line. However, a typical method to estimate a fault location by calculating impedances with voltages and currents at relaying points may have errors due to various factors such as the mutual impedances of lines, fault impedances, or effects of parallel circuits. The proposed algorithm in this paper begins by extracting the fundamental phasor of the positive sequence currents from the three phase currents. The second-order difference of the phasor is then calculated based on the fundamental phasor of positive sequence currents. The traveling times of the waves generated by a fault are derived from the second-order difference of the phasor. Finally, the distance from the relaying point to the fault is estimated using the traveling times. To analyze the performance of the algorithm, a power system with EHV(Extra High Voltage) untransposed double-circuit transmission lines is modeled and simulated under various fault conditions, such as several fault types, fault locations, and fault inception angles. The results of the simulations show that the proposed algorithm has the capability to estimate the fault locations with high speed and accuracy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2016

Rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schlecht have been reported to contain active compounds with anticancer properties. This research was carried out to examine anti-proliferative and apoptotic induction against HeLa and Vero cells-line. Dried powder of B. pandurata rhizomes was extracted by a maceration method using 90% ethanol. Cytotoxic assays to determine $IC_{50}$ and anti-proliferative effects were carried out by MTT methods. Observation of apoptosis was achieved with double staining using acridine orange and ethidium bromide. The results showed that ethanolic extract of B. pandurata was more cytotoxic against HeLa cells ($IC_{50}$ of $60{\mu}g/mL$) than Vero cells ($IC_{50}$ of $125{\mu}g/mL$). The extract had higher anti-proliferative activity as well as apoptotic induction in HeLa than Vero cells. Therefore, it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of B. pandurata had anti-proliferative as well as apoptosis induction activity dependent on the cell type.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2015

Rad51, a key factor in the homologous recombination pathway for the DNA double-strand break repair, plays a vital role in genesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years, more and more studies indicate that high expression of Rad51 is of great relevance to resistance of NSCLC to chemotherapeutic agents and ionizing radiation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of single Rad51 on cell viability in vitro. Our results show that depletion of endogenous Rad51 is sufficient to inhibit the growth of the A549 lung cancer cell line, by accumulating cells in G1 phase and inducing cell death. We conclude that independent Rad51 expression is critical to the survival of A549 cells and can be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.891-894
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• 1999

A field experiment was conducted with Calliandra calothyrsus of fifteen provenances to evaluate the variation in the condensed tannin content of fresh leaves. Plants were raised in a nursery for three months and planted in the field. Experimental design was line planting of double hedgerows (3 m long plot, 1/2 meter interval, 45 plants in each plot) with 5 replicates. Plants were lopped every 5 months and samples (10 different plants within a plot; 4 newly flushed leaves, 4 partially expanded leaves and 4 mature full expanded leaves from each of 10 trees in a plot) were collected and were put on ice before transfer to the laboratory. Proanthocyanidine was extracted in aqueous acetone, and total extractable proanthcyanidine (TEPA) and total proanthocyanidine (TOPA) were measured. In addition, proximate analyses were made of different provenances. Crude protein contents varied from 19.74% to 16.45%; in vitro organic matter digestibility ranged from 36.09% to 23.32%. TEPA content ranged from 11.22 to 16.01 (measured as absorbance at $550nm,\;g^{-1}$ DM) and TOPA from 24.57 to 31.72 (measured as absorbance at $550nm,\;g^{-1}$ DM) TEPA and TOPA had a positive correlation, whereas crude protein content of Calliandra was negatively correlated with TEPA and TOPA. Provenances, such as Georgesville (Belize), local, Coban (Guatemala), Patulul (Guatemala), Bombana (Mexico) can be selected on the basis of nutritive value of fodder.