• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.89-114
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• 2011

With steady increase in the demand for door-to-door delivery services, courier service providers are facing a constant pressure to reduce delivery price in order to secure quantity order and to improve the efficiency and reliability for customer service. The objective of this research is to explain the structure of the door-to-door delivery including door-to-door delivery service demand, sorting capacity in the hub-terminal, and the system performance measures such as service reliability networks using causal loop diagram(CLD). Based on causal relation, this research describes a comprehensive approach to examine how capacity reliability contributes to the renewal of the firm's competences through its reciprocal relationship with travel time reliability and connectivity reliability. Also, this research suggests the policy alternatives to improve effectiveness and efficiency of door-to-door delivery network in response to increase customer satisfaction and profit maximization of the courier service providers: operational, tactical, and strategic levels.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.144-152
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• 1996

Background : Because of introduction of nationwide health care system in 1989 and the improvement of socioeconomic status of population the number of outpatient visiting university hospital has good facilities and manpower has increased. So the waiting time for medical service at university hospital are lengthened. Particularly outpatients complain that waiting for prescribed drugs at pharmacy depart are long. Reducing waiting time at pharmacy depart door-to-door delivery system that the patients applying for door-to-door delivery receive prescribed drug at home without waiting at pharmacy depart were studied. The objective of this study is to analysis the opinion of outpatients for door-to-door delivery system, to study the appropriateness of adopting the system and to produce ideal model for the system. Method : Outpatients waiting drug at pharmacy depart were questioned about door-to-door delivery system. to find the factors affect utilizing the system the logistic regression was used. Result : 83.3% of the patients want to utilize the system without charging, and 72.9% of the patients want to utilized system with charging. 68.3% of patients with charging want to use this system because of long waiting time at pharmacy depart. 50% of patients who do not want to use door-to-door do not use this system because of incorrect delivery. The affecting factors to utilize the system were sex, waiting time, fee. Conclusion : The model for door to door delivery system. 1. door-to-door personnel reside in hospital and the patient want to utilize the system apply for the delivery with charging. 2. The applied drugs dispense at spare time. 3. Delivery company gathers drug at appointed time and delivers. 4. The delivery fee is 2,000-3,000 won. 5. To prevent from loss and changing the drug the name of patient on packet are printed and drug packet are sealed. 6. The company submit the confirm sheet which are written that the patient received drug correctly to hospital. 7. The delivery time of drug is reserved for the convenience of receiving.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2008

본 연구는 온라인 쇼핑몰과 고객관의 거래관계에서 계약 당사자는 아니지만 온라인 쇼핑몰의 상품배달을 대신해주는 택배회사의 배달에 대한 서비스품질 속성이 고객의 온라인 쇼핑몰에 대한 구매만족도에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가정에서 진행되었다. 연구결과 택배업체의 배송에 대한 서비스품질 속성이 택배회사 뿐만 아니라 온라인 쇼핑몰의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 온라인 쇼핑몰은 자신들의 고객들에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위하여 오프라인을 통하여 상품을 직접 고객에게 배달하는 택배회사에 대하여 많은 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2009

전자상거래시장의 급격한 성장과 글로벌 소싱의 확대는 택배서비스산업 발전의 동인이 되어왔으며, 기존의 선도업체는 물론 다국적 물류기업의 국내 택배서비스시장 진출 확대로 그 경쟁이 점차 가열되고 있다. 따라서 국내 택배서비스산업에 속한 기업들의 경쟁력 제고가 절실한 시점이다. 국내 택배서비스산업에 관한 이전의 연구들 대부분은 서비스 전략적 탐색, 정책적 제언, 사용자 만족에 관한 것으로 최근 택배서비스에서 정보시스템이 차지하는 비중을 실질적으로 다루지 못하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 택배서비스 제공업체들을 대상으로 수행한 사례연구를 통해 택배정보시스템을 조사, 비교 및 분석하여 경쟁력 제고를 위한 전략적 대안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 첫째, 국내외 택배서비스산업 현황 및 경쟁력 제고에 관한 문헌을 탐구하고 둘째, 택배서비스시장을 선도하는 국내 4개 업체 실무자를 대상으로 수행한 인터뷰를 통해 획득된 데이터를 근거로 정보시스템을 분석하였으며 셋째, 택배서비스 경쟁력 제고를 위해 개선되어야 주요요인을 도출하고 정보시스템 발전방향을 제시하였다. 연구결과, 차별화된 택배서비스 제공을 통해 경쟁력을 제고시키기 위해서는 정보시스템을 도구로 다음과 같은 실천이 필요함을 확인하였다. 첫째, 정보시스템의 응용대상을 내부통제위주의 프로세스에서 고객접점중심으로 이동시켜 고객서비스를 강화하고 둘째, 운송차량의 이동경로 중복 및 회귀 등으로 발생하는 물류비용을 최소화하기 위해 RFID와 같은 정보기술을 이용하여 최적화된 라우팅시스템을 개발하며 셋째, 정보시스템을 활용한 신규서비스를 발굴하는 것이다.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.415-421
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• 2010

Door to door service is a typical method for individual parcel deliveries. In the current delivery information system, a delivery person manually input the information of many delivery results, which causes inefficiency and difficulties of tracking deliveries. This study suggests an enhanced delivery information system which has the following two characteristics. Firstly, a tagged RFID transmits the delivery result information to the main server by just collecting RFID at a place of destination. Secondly, with the characteristics of rewritable method, the collected RFID is to be input new information and tagged to other parcels.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2010

Door to door service is a typical method for individual parcel deliveries. In the current delivery information system, a delivery person manually inputs the information of many delivery results, which causes inefficiency and difficulties of tracking deliveries. This study suggests an enhanced delivery information system which has the following two characteristics. Firstly, a tagged RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) transmits the delivery result information to the main server by just collecting RFID at a place of destination. Secondly, with the characteristics of rewritable method, the collected RFID is to be input new information and tagged to other parcels.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Another objective was to confirm the general working patterns of door-to-door deliverers via survey. Methods: In the city of Daegu, ten door-to-door deliverers who wished to join the study were recruited. The general working characteristics of door-to-door deliverers were surveyed using self-reported questionnaires. In the cabin of each car driven by a deliverer, a real-time PM2.5 sampler (Sidepak, Model AM510, TSI Inc., MN, USA) and a GPS device (GPS 741, Ascen, Korea) were installed. Each deliverer was monitored for four days per week so that each day could be monitored at least four times. Results: A total of 40 measurements of PM2.5 concentrations were taken during delivery of parcels. The average exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers to PM2.5 was $44.62{\mu}g/m^3$ ($7-9443{\mu}g/m^3$. Exposure levels to PM2.5 according to the day of the week and coverage areas were not significantly different (p>0.05). Door-to-door deliverers using trucks with older diesel engines manufactured before 2006 had significantly higher exposure levels to PM2.5 than in the case of trucks with diesel engines manufactured after 2006 (p<0.05). Many of the door-to-door deliverers reported the status of having windows open during the delivery task. During delivery services, the working hours spent in residential areas were higher than on roadsides, but exposure levels to PM2.5 in residential areas and on roadsides were $46.17{\mu}g/m^3$ and $49.90{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. Real-time PM2.5 exposure levels were significantly different between roadways and residential areas (p<0.001). Conclusions: PM2.5 exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers were found to be affected by higher vehicle emissions from the roadsides near their vehicle during deliveries and while driving to other locations compared to by PM2.5 from the diesel engines of their own trucks. Particle concentrations from roadsides and emissions from nearby vehicles through open windows were the main source of PM2.5.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2017

Objectives: This study evaluated the diesel engine exhaust (DEE) exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers in Daegu from July to September. Methods: We measured exposure levels of DEE surrogates for the same door-to-door deliverers who joined the particulate matter 2.5 exposure study previously published in this journal. Black carbon(BC) concentrations were measured using real-time BC monitoring devices with 1 minute interval. $NO_2$ concentrations were monitored using passive badges. DEE exposure data were analyzed using the same characteristics and GPS information as the first study. Results: A total of 40 measurements of BC concentrations and $NO_2$ concentrations were collected during delivery of parcels. The average exposure levels to BC, and $NO_2$ were $2.23{\mu}g/m^3$ ($0.001-350.85{\mu}g/m^3$) and 21.26 ppb(3.3-61.37 ppb), respectively. Exposure levels to BC according to the day of a week and coverage areas were not significantly different(p>0.05). Delivery trucks manufactured before 2006 caused significantly higher exposure to BC than the trucks manufactured after 2006(p<0.05). Exposure levels of BC integrated for each time in residential area and roadsides were $1.96{\mu}g/m^3$ and $3.46{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the ambient $PM_{2.5}$ and BC was significant, r=0.26(p<0.01); however, the correlations between $PM_{2.5}$ and ambient $PM_{2.5}$, and between BC of DEE and $PM_{2.5}$ of DEE did not show a significant correlation Conclusions: BC and $NO_2$ exposure levels were significantly lower when door-to-door deliverers drove newer trucks. BC exposure levels of deliverers were higher in roadsides than in residential area. DEE from nearby vehicles through open windows might be the main source of BC exposure.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2010

"Domestic delivery service" is defined the service to deliver goods or packages from point of senders to point of receiver. With the characteristics of door to door, it is must a service provider should know the exact location of destination assuring best utilization of moving path. Generally, location information consist of postal code and address only, which result in difficulties to identify the precise location of destination. It is relatively less correlated between the information that address refers and practical location in Korea address system. For example, the next door to house number 100 is not always house number 101. Therefore, a delivery man additionally uses a paper map or a GPS navigation which carry extra job to input every code of location to the device in order to know precise location. It is also very inconvenient that every delivery man identify the location that address information refers and make a personal decision of the optimum moving path dropping each destination without calculating provisioning process of whole delivery path. As explained above, it is inefficient to find information delivery service required and to generate the optimum path. In results, these difficulties bring in delay of service and increase of cost. In this point, the contents of the thesis suggest a GPS navigation system easy to obtain accuracy of delivery information which enables to automate optimum moving path based on RFID which contains location information.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2015

Nowadays, the distribution centres aim to reduce costs by reducing inventory and timely shipment. Cross docking is a logistics strategy in which products delivered to a distribution centre by inbound trucks are directly unloaded and transferred to outbound trucks with minimum warehouse storage. Moreover, on-time delivery in a distribution network becomes very crucial especially when several distribution centres and customers are involved. Therefore, an efficient truck scheduling is needed to synchronize the delivery throughout the network in order to satisfy all stake-holders. This paper presents a mathematical model of a mixed integer programming for door assignment and truck scheduling in a multiple inbound and outbound doors cross docking problem according to Just-In-Time concept. The objective is to find the schedule of transhipment operations to simultaneously minimize the total earliness and total tardiness of trucks. Then, a multi-objective differential evolution (MODE) is proposed with an encoding scheme and four decoding strategies, called ITSH, ITDD, OTSH and OTDD, to find a Pareto frontier for the multi-door cross docking problems. The performances of MODE are evaluated using 15 generated instances. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of finding a set of diverse and high quality non-dominated solutions.