• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2011

Purpose: A palatal defect following maxillectomy can cause multiple problems like the rhinolalia, leakage of foods into the nasal cavity, and hypernasality. Use of a prosthetic is the preferred method for obturating a palate defect, but for rehabilitating palatal function, prosthetics have many shortcomings. In a small defect, local flap is a useful method, however, the size of flap which can be elevated is limited. In 12 cases of palatomaxillary defect, we used various microvascular free flaps in reconstructing the palate and obtained good functional results. Method: Between 1990 and 2004, 12 patients underwent free flap operation after head and neck cancer ablation, and were reviewed retrospectively. Among the 12 free flaps, 6 were latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps, 3 rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps, and 3 radial forearm flaps. Result: All microvascular flap surgery was successful. Mean follow up time was 8 months and after the follow up time all patients reported satisfactory speech and swallowing. Wound dehiscence was observed in 4 cases, ptosis was in 1 case and fistula was in 1 case, however, rhinolalia, leakage of food, or swallowing difficultly was not reported in the 12 cases. Conclusion: We used various microvascular flaps for palatomaxillary reconstruction. For 3-dimensional flap needs, we used the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap to obtain enough volume for filling the defect. Two-dimensional flaps were designed with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, rectus abdominis flap and radial forearm flap. For cases with palatal defect only, we used the radial forearm flap. In palatomaxillary reconstruction, we can choose various free flap techniques according to the number of skin paddles and flap volume needed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.235-238
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• 2016

Hepatitis C is an ailment of liver caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. About 3% of the world population is infected by this virus. HCV infection is a leading reason for liver cirrhosis and therefore a major source of hepatocellular carcinoma. The study focused on the incidence of active HCV infection in blood donors of Mardan district of KPK, Pakistan. A total of 5318 blood donors were inspected for the presence of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV-RNA using ICT (immune-chromatographic test), ELISA and RT-PCR at Mardan Medical Complex (MMC), Mardan. Out of these, 157 (2.95%) were positive by ICT, 60 (1.12%) by ELISA and 56 (1.05%) for HCV-RNA. The frequency of active HCV infectivity amongst the blood donors from district Mardan, KPK Pakistan was 1.05 %. Application of strict measures during blood donor selection and use of proper screening assays such as ELISA in place of ICT devices can give a more accurate picture so that the incidence of this viral infection in HCV negative blood recipients can be reduced.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.441-445
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• 1987

The gene coding for alkaline amylase of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. AL-8 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli which was lack of amylase activity. For the cloning of the alkaline amylase gene, the chromosomal DNA and plasmid vector pBR322 were cleaved at the site of EcoRI and the gene was cloned. The selection of the transformants carrying the amylase gene was based on the their antibiotics resistance and amylase activity of the transformants. The recombinant plasmids pJW8 and pJW200 containing 5.8Kb and 3.0Kb EcoRI inserts respectively were proved to can the alkaline amylase gene. Alkaline amylase expressed in E. coli was characterized. The enzyme was proved to be stable at the range of alkaline pH.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2013

Purpose: Soft tissue defect of the hand, which cannot be covered with skin graft or local flap, is usually reconstructed using a free flap. Temporoparietal fascial free flap is one of the best alternatives for functional reconstruction of the hand with exposed tendons, bones, and joints. Materials and Methods: We have experienced four cases of reconstruction using a temporoparietal fascial flap with a skin graft and followed up for 20 years. We conducted a retrospective review of the patients' clinical charts and photos. Results: At the time of initial injury, the average age of patients was 50.3 (39~62) years. The radial artery was used for reconstruction of the dorsal side of the hand, whereas the ulnar artery was used for that of the volar side of the wrist. Short term complication such as skin graft loss and donor site alopecia occurred. However, during the long term follow-up period, no change of flap volume was noted, and full range of motion in the adjacent joint was maintained. In addition, hyperpigmentation of the grafted skin on the flap disappeared gradually. Conclusion: Selection of the optimal flap is important for reconstruction of the hand without functional limitation. We obtained satisfactory soft tissue coverage and functional outcomes using a temporoparietal fascial free flap and followed up for 20 years.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.431-435
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long term clinical and radiographic outcome and stability after transplantation of third molar with complete root formation. Methods: The subjects were 31 teeth (male 17, female 14, aged 22-55, average 39.9 yr old) of 31 patients who visited the department of periodontics and passed more than two years after autotransplantation procedure and still under regular check up. Modified success criteria of Chamberlin and Goerig was applied to determine the success of autotransplantation. Results: Three out of 31 teeth failed and resulted 90.3% of success rate. When compared according to sex, 15 out of 17 teeth had succeeded in male, 13 out of 14 succeeded in female. When compared the success rate according to cause of extraction, tooth loss due to caries and root fracture had all succeeded but 3 out of 24 had failed in tooth loss due to periodontal disease. When compared according to donor teeth, 12 out of 14 maxillary third molars and 16 out of 17 mandibular third molars had succeeded. Conclusions: In long term evaluation over two years, if appropriate surgical procedure and proper case selection is made, autotransplantation of the third molar with complete root formation can be the alternative choice that substitutes prosthetic or implant treatment and it is a functionally acceptable procedure.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 1997

Microbial reduction of hexava1ent(VI) to trivalent(lII) chromium is regarded as one of the mechanisms that confers resistance to bacteria. In order to verify this hypothesis, we compared Cr(VI) resistance with Cr(VI) reduction among 20 phenotypically distinct environmental isolates from Cr-contaminated and uncontaminated soils. With glucose as an electron donor, Cr(VI) reduction by washed cell suspensions ranged from 0.014 to 0.305 mM Cr(VI) reduced $h^1$. Cr(VI) resistance of the isolates were measured by growth inhibitions on a liquid medium containing 2 mM Cr(VI) based on their decrease of $A_{630}1$ as compared to the controls without Cr(VI). The isolates had a broad range of resistance from no inhibition to 93.4% inhibition of their growth. Upon correlation analysis, there was no significant relationship between those two phenomena. At a population level, a comparison of % resistant viable counts among the Cr-contaminated and uncontaminated soils showed 19.1 % and 0.4% of their total viable counts, respectively. The difference of % resistance between two site,. strongly suggested that the Cr(VI) present in the soils influences natural selection for resistant phenotypes. However, it is unlikely that the Cr(VI) resistance is dependent solely on the reduction as judged by the correlation analysis.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.222-228
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• 2007

Purpose: Report of the good results of breast reconstruction using Becker permanent tissue expander that showed a short operation time and a quick post-operation recovery time, little side effects and usually superb aesthetic results without the need for additional incisions or donor site morbidity. The authors, after carrying out breast reconstruction operations using Becker permanent tissue expander on patients with appropriate indications, attempted to analyze several factors such as complication rates and patient satisfaction measurements. Methods: 11 cases of breast reconstruction using Becker expander implants were carried out on a total of 10 patients between March 2000 and February 2003. The patients were followed up at outpatient visit for an average of 6 months. Results: The most common post-operation complication was pain resulting from saline injection into the expanders, complained by 5 patients(50%). rib fractures, skin necrosis, implant removal due to infection, and breast cancer recurrence each occurred in 1 patient (9.9%). There was no occurrence of skin contracture complications which occurs frequently in case of silicone implant insertion. Patient complacency was surveyed by patient interviews made right after the operations and during outpatient follow-up periods: 5(50%) patients out of 10 showed excellent, 3(30%) good, and 2(20%) showed fair, leaving no patients who were disappointed with operation results. On routine follow-up, 80% of patients expressed satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome of their post-mastectomy beast reconstruction. Conclusion: Breast reconstruction using the Becker expander is a reliable alternative to other reconstructive methods but good patient selection is essential for satisfactory results.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2020

Rice stripe virus (RSV) disease is one of the major constraints in rice production, transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH; Laodelphax striatellus). Upon RSV infection, plants develop typical symptoms, which include chlorosis and weakness of newly emerged leaves, white and yellow spots, stripe on leaves, and necrotic and wilting leaves, resulting in plant growth inhibition, oxidative damage that may culminate in programmed cell death (PCD) and plant death in severe epidemics. Although RSV-resistant quantitative trait loci (QTLs), Stv-a, Stv-b, and Stv-bi, were mapped using various resistant varieties, one RSV-resistant gene, OsSOT1, has been identified so far. In this study, we used the rice cultivar Zenith, known to carry Stv-b, to investigate novel RSV-genes through fine mapping. Therefore, we crossed Zenith (Donor parent, RSV resistant) with Ilpum (Recurrent parent, RSV susceptible) to fine-map using a BC₂F₂ population of 2100 plants. Chromosome segment introgression lines that were heterozygous at a different region were selected, two types of heterozygous lines showed an heterozygous genotype between Sid2 and Sid75 to Indel9 and RM6680. Interestingly, we identified qSTV11^Z region harboring Stv-b, covering about 171-kb region between the InDel markers Sid75 and Indel8. The localization of qSTV11^Z provides useful information that could be used for marker-assisted selection and determination of genetic resources in rice breeding.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: Liver transplantation (LT) provides a favorable outcome for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and was launched in Vietnam in 2004. In this study, we evaluated the short-term and long-term outcomes of LT and its risk factors. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed HCC patients who underwent LT at Viet Duc University hospital, Vietnam, from 01/2012-03/2022. The following data were gathered: demographics, virus infection, tumor characteristics, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, Child-Pugh and MELD scores, selection criteria, type of LT, complications, 30-day mortality, and disease-free and overall survival (DFS and OS). Results: Fifty four patients were included, the mean age was 55.39 ± 8.46 years. Nearly 90% had hepatitis B virus-related HCC. The median (interquartile range) AFP level was 16.2 (88.7) ng/mL. The average MELD score was 10.57 ± 5.95; the rate of Child-Pugh A and B were 70.4% and 18.5%, respectively. Nearly 40% of the patients were within Milan criteria, brain-dead donor was 83.3%. Hepatic and portal vein thrombosis occurred in 0% and 1.9%, respectively; hepatic artery thrombosis 1.9%, biliary leakage 5.6%, and postoperative hemorrhage 3.7%. Ninety-day mortality was 5.6%. Five-year DFS and OS were 79.3% and 81.4%, respectively. MELD score and ChildPugh score were predictive factors for DFS and OS (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, Child-Pugh score was the only significant factor (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In Vietnam, LT is an effective therapy for HCC with an acceptable complication rate, mortality rate, and good survival outcomes, and should be further encouraged.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.920-935
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• 2024

Embryo transfer plays a crucial role in enhancing the breeding value of livestock; it has been applied in Hanwoo cattle, which is a popular breed for beef production in Korea. Both in vivo-derived (IVD) and in vitro-produced (IVP) embryos are used for this purpose; however, IVP embryos have been preferred recently owing to advancements in ovum pick-up (OPU) technology and genomic selection. Despite technological advancements, comprehensive data on large-scale OPU/IVEP/embryo transfer in Hanwoo cows are lacking. In this study, 16 elite Hanwoo donor cows were selected on the basis of specific criteria. Oocytes were retrieved from 241 cows using OPU. The collected cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured, fertilized, and cultured in vitro to produce transferable embryos. Embryos were classified according to their developmental stage and then transferred to 675 recipient cows. A total of 3,317 COCs were collected, with an average of 13.76 COCs per cow. The number of transferable embryos produced per cow was 3.7. Hanwoo OPU-derived IVP embryos exhibited a higher production yield than the global average, indicating a stable IVEP environment. Both fresh and frozen IVP embryos yielded similar conception rates; hence, the use of vitrified-thawed embryos in transfer plans feasible. However, frozen-thawed embryos at Stage 7 had a lower conception rate than those at earlier stages. There was no significant difference between the conception rates of sexually mature heifers and postpartum cows used as recipients. The male-to-female offspring ratio increased as the developmental stage progressed. Seasonal effects on conception rates were not observed; however, higher abortion rates and a higher proportion of male offspring were observed during winter. This study provides valuable data for the Korean embryo transfer industry, enabling more strategic growth of the domestic Hanwoo embryo industry.