• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 1998

Changes of lipocortin 1 (LC1) in the brain induced by immobilization stress were investigated in rats. Rats were immobilized for 0,1,2,3,4, and 5 h, and the brain slices were immunostained with anti-human LC1 antibodl (anti-LC1). Immunoreactivity of LCI (iLC1) was most prominent in neuronal cell bodies and processes of hippocampal CA regions and dentate gyrus. At rest without stress, most of the LC1 in the neuron located in the cytoplasm with the nuclei exhibiting relatively scarce immunoreactivity. Immobilization stress changed this intracellular distribution of LC1 by increasing nuclear LC1. The change was apparent in 1 h and reached the peak by 3 h. However, by 5 h of immobilization, the distribution pattern returned to that of the resting state. This transient nuclear translocation of LC1 was most prominent in $CA_1$ pyramidal neurons, and was not observed in areas other than the hippocampus. Adrenalectomy abolished this transient translocation of LC1. The roles of hippocampal LC1 as a mediator of glucocorticoid feedback signal and/or as an intracellar stress signaling protein could be suggested.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.366-375
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• 2006

In this paper, it is intended to introduce a method to solve multi-objective optimization problems and to evaluate its performance. In order to verify the performance of this method it is applied for a vertical roller mill for Portland cement. A design process is defined with the compromise decision support problem concept and a design process consists of two steps: the design of experiments and mathematical programming. In this process, a designer decides an object that the objective function is going to pursuit and a non-linear optimization is performed composing objective constraints with practical constraints. In this method, response surfaces are used to model objectives (stress, deflection and weight) and the optimization is performed for each of the objectives while handling the remaining ones as constraints. The response surfaces are constructed using orthogonal polynomials, and orthogonal array as design of experiment, with analysis of variance for variable selection. In addition, it establishes the relative influence of the design variables in the objectives variability. The constrained optimization problems are solved using sequential quadratic programming. From the results, it is found that the method in this paper is a very effective and powerful for the multi-objective optimization of various practical design problems. It provides, moreover, a reference of design to judge the amount of excess or shortage from the final object.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

In this study, we developed a novel laser sintering deposition system (LSDS) based on solid free-form fabrication (SFF) technology as it has the potential to fabricate complex geometries with controllable architecture for bone tissue engineering applications. The 3D biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds were fabricated with a pore size of 800㎛, a line width and height of 1000㎛, and an overall size of 8.2×8.2×8.0 mm3 according to the design of experiment (DOE) results. Additionally, an optimized manufacturing process using response surface analysis was established to fabricate 3D BCP scaffolds. The fabricated 3D BCP scaffolds were sintered at 950℃, 1050℃, 1150℃, and 1250℃ according to sintering processes with a furnace. As the sintering temperature increased, the porosity increased. Through the compressive strength test, the 3D BCP scaffolds sintered at 1050℃ presented good results of about 0.76 MPa. These results suggest that fabrication methods for 3D bioceramic scaffolds using LSDS may meet the basic requirements for bone tissue engineering.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.58-63
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• 2012

This paper presents a numerical study on the performance improvement of axial-flow pump with guide vanes. Design optimization for guide vanes in an axial-flow pump has been studied through the implementation of a commercial CFD code and DOE (design of experiments). We also discussed how to improve the performance of the axial-flow pump by designing the guide vanes. Geometric design variables were defined by the meridional plane and vane plane development of guide vanes. The effect of hub tip ratio analyzed the meridional plane of guide vanes. The importance of the geometric design variables was analyzed using $2^k$ factorial designs. The objective functions for guide vane geometric variables were defined as the total efficiency and the total head at the design flow rate. From the $2^k$ factorial design results, the important design variables were found and the performance was increased in comparison with the base design model.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.59-69
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• 2002

This article purpose are on the variables of consumer's Doe sensitivity. Our result from sets of data indicate that the web site trust, the web site interactivity and the perceived risk have an effect on price search. Our result is as follows. First, the more trust the web site, the lower the price search. Second, the more interactivity of the web site, the lower the price search. Third, the greater the depth of information at the web site, the higher the price search. forth, the higher the perceived risk, the higher the price search. Fifth, the higher the knowledge of product, the higher the price search.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.92-98
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• 2010

The design of press bonding tool in LCD module equipment is a very complex and difficult task because many design able variables are involved while their effects are not known. It takes longtime experiments and much expenses to verify the effects of these design variables. However the optimization of bonding tool using OLB(outer lead bonding) and PCB Bonding is a very important problem in LCD manufacturing process, so much design efforts have been made for improving the bonding tool performance. In this paper, a reasonable and fast process which gives optimized solution under the design requirements has been presented. Both analytical and statistical methods are employed in this process. A reliable analytic model using experiment-oriented FE analysis can be obtained, in which the regression equations that predict the tool efficiency from various DOE method are found. Improvement of tool efficiency could be estimated by the regression equations using meaningful factors converged by RSM(Response Surface Method). With this process a reasonable optimized solution that meets a variety of design requirements can be easily obtained.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2008

A recent trend in automotive parts has been an integration of sub-assemblies with unified shapes. Tube structures also have been integrated to one body structure by using a near net shape forming instead of adopting welding. A cylindrical elastomer-forming process can be utilized to form a steel tube compressed in a radial direction. This process has some advantages compared to a hydro-forming or a swaging process in the viewpoint of a lower investment and a higher productivity. In order to predict a feasible specification of products within a work capability of the elastomer-forming equipment developed previously, effects of geometrical parameters of a tube on its shape accuracy are examined. Two characteristic parameters to account for the shape accuracy are chosen. One is the curvature radius at the corner part and the other is the straight ratio of the formed region. Careful examination of two parameters has led that the shape accuracy can be easily predicted by the regression equation obtained from the response surface method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.410-416
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• 2009

In recent years, the rollover accident of large class of vehicles has become important safety issue. Even though the rollover form a small percentage of all traffic accidents, they have a fatal effect upon the driver and passenger. Among the traffic accidents occurred in driving, the rollover is the major cause of traffic fatalities. Therefore, it is required to develop the analytical and experimental techniques for predicting rollover propensity of vehicles and also to improve the vehicle suspension design in the viewpoint of rollover resistance. In this study, the parameter sensitivities for the roll angle of SUV suspension are analyzed, and then the determined design parameters are optimized by using the regression model function of the response surface methods. The analysis results show that the roll angle of the optimized vehicle is decreased as compared with the initial vehicle and also the rollover possibility is decreased when the roll rate of the front suspension is larger than the roll rate of the rear suspension.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.302-302
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• 2009

미국 DOE(Department of energy) 산하 EERE(the office of energy efficiency and renewable energy)에서는 시행되고 있는 일반 프로그램 평가(General Program Evaluation) 중 하나인 과정 평가(Process Evaluation)는 프로그램의 수행의 효율성과 유효성을 평가하기 위해 수행된다. EERE에서는 프로그램 별로 매 2~3년에 한번, 프로그램의 진행에 장애요인을 시행하기 위해 부정기적으로 과정평가를 수행하여 프로그램의 진행과정을 개선할 것을 제안하고 있다. 과정평가의 방법론으로는 사례연구(case study), 내용분석(content analysis), 메타평가(meta evaluation), 델파이분석(delphi-analysis), 외부 동료평가(peer review) 등의 방법론이 사용될 수 있다. 특히, EERE는 "Peer Review Guide(2004)"을 발간하여 과정평가에서 있어 외부 동료평가의 방법론을 정리하였다. 과정평가를 통해 프로그램 수행결과의 중간점검과 동시에 프로그램의 발전을 위하 전문가의 제언을 수집할 수 있다. 따라서 과정평가의 결과는 프로그램의 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 장기 과제인 경우 프로그램 관리에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다. 우리나라의 경우, 사업 수행 시 '진도보고'나 '중간결과 발표' 등을 통하여 동일한 내용의 평가를 시행하고 있으나, 평가의 항목.시기.예산 등에 대한 지침(guideline)이 구축되었다고 볼 수 없는 상황이다. 한국의 신재생에너지 보급사업은 국가적인 중요도, 투입예산의 규모 및 수행기간 등을 고려할 때 과정평가를 통해 정기적으로 사업의 진행과정을 점검할 필요가 있다 하겠다. 따라서 신재생에너지 분야의 사업의 관리에 적용될 수 있는 EERE의 과정평가를 한국의 상황에 맞게 수정하고 이를 정규적으로 시행하는 방안에 대한 논의가 필요하다 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2001

This study shows the process design and forming analysis of permalloy shielding can that support the automobile multi-display parts to indicate the accurate information of car. This study is particularly important, since the strain and thickness of permalloy shielding can is known to affect the magnetic properties such as coercivity and permeability quite thickness of permalloy shielding can is known to affect the magnetic properties such as coercivity and permeability quite sensitively. The objective functions are strain and thickness deviation. The punch radius, die radius and blank holding force are considered as design parameters. Orthogonal array (OA) table and characteristics are applied to neural network (NN) as train data. After training, the optimal and robust condition of design parameters is selected. This study shows the correlation between the design methodology of NN and the statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach.