• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.183-188
• /
• 2013

Background: Breast cancer (BC), the most common female cancer in Pakistan, is associated with a very high mortality. However, the roles of individual risk factors for BC among Pakistani women are still controversial. To assess potential risk factors for BC, a matched case-control study was conducted in two tertiary care hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: The study population included 297 pathologically confirmed incident cases of BC patients diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2010. 586 controls without any history of BC were matched on hospital and ${\pm}5$ years of ages. Results: Positive family history of BC (MOR=1.72; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.80 for first degree vs. none), single marital status (MOR=1.55; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.39 for single/divorced/widowed women vs. married women), older age at menopause (MOR=3.92; 95%CI: 2.52, 6.18 for menopausal women aged below 45 years, MOR=6.42; 95%CI: 3.47, 11.98 for menopausal women above 45 years of age compared with premenopausal women) conferred an increased risk of BC for women. Increasing parity decreased the risk of BC (MOR=0.90; 95%CI: 0.85, 0.97 for each live birth). Intake of Vitamin D supplements (MOR=0.30; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.81 for ${\leq}3$ years and MOR=0.27; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.56 for >3 years) was protective compared to non-users of Vitamin D. Conclusions: This study confirmed only few of the recognized risk factors in Pakistani women. The protective effect of Vitamin D is important from public health perspective and needs to be further explored through a randomized controlled trial.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2007

This study provides basic materials that assist in marital counselling and marital therapy intervention through its analysis of the effects of marital communication and marital intimacy on psychological well-being and its systematic focus on middle-aged married men and women of social interest and importance. The subjects of this study were married men and women, aged 40 to 59, living in the metropolitan areas of Seoul and Kyeonggi; the study excluded those who were divorced, bereaved or whose last child was in over high school, but included those who were separated or in a second marriage. A total of 396 people, 134 men and 262 women, were included in the study. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, middle-aged married men recorded higher levels of marital communication and marital intimacy than middle-aged married women. While women showed higher levels of depression than men, there was no difference between men and women in terms of overall life satisfaction. Second, there were differences in marital communication, marital intimacy, and psychological well-being among middle-aged married men and women according to background variables. Third, marital communication and marital intimacy were shown to affect the life satisfaction of both middle-aged married men and women. Of the two, marital communication had more the influence. Marital communication also had the biggest influence on levels of depression among both middle-aged married men and women.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.81-102
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the work-family reconciliation level of married women in double-income households. Specifically, the study aimed to test the positive spillover effects, asymmetry, and differential functions of work-family reconciliation. The study thus analyzed 1,114 married women in double-income households in the third-year data of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF) done by Korean Women's Development Institute (KWDI), with the exception of those who were separated, divorced, or widowed from their husbands. The data were put to descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, and exploratory factor analysis using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. AMOS 20.0 was used to test the hypothesis on positive spillover effects, asymmetry, and differential functions. The analysis results confirm that work-family conflict, family-work conflict, work-family facilitation, and family-work facilitation are different concepts, thus supporting the hypothesis on positive spillover effects. Secondly, the negative effects of family on work were greater than those of work on family, whereas the positive effects of family on work were greater than those of work on family, which finding partially supported the hypothesis on asymmetry among the components of work-family reconciliation. Finally, the married women in double-income households with preschool children experienced more work-family conflict and family-work conflict than those with no preschool children, which result supported the hypothesis on differential functions between the two groups of women. The findings were combined to provide implications for the utilization of family resources, policies for work-family reconciliation, and plans for institutional supports to promote the work-family reconciliation of married women in double-income households.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.35-50
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to compare the climacteric symptoms and emotion of Korean women living in the United States and Korea. The 195 subjects consisted of 81 women who have lived for more than 10 years in the United States and 114 women who live in Korea. All the subjects were from 40 to 60 years of age. Data were collected by convenience sampling using a questionaire in the west and mid-west regions of the United States and in Kyungbuk province in Korea. The results of this study are as follows : 1. Both subjects in the United States and Korea showed the highest negative emotions according to the following ; in the 50-54 years of age group, divorced, less than high school graduation, lower income level and Protestant in religion. So we concluded that the cultural differences between the United States and Korea did not exert an important influence on the women's emotional tendency, but personal characteristics and background did. 2. Emotional tendency of Korean women from 40 to 60 years of age living in United States and Korea was slight negative (Korean-American ; $3.97{\pm}.94$, Korean ; $3.90{\pm}.71$) 3. The emotions of women living in the United States showed a significant difference according to the state of health(F=3.7726, p<.05).The emotions of women living in Korea showed a significant difference according to marrital status(F=6.4733, p<.05). 4. There were negative correlations between the number of climacteric symptoms and emotions.

• 사회복지연구
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.87-114
• /
• 2009

기존 소득불평등 관련 연구에서 여성은 '동질적인 집단'으로 간주되어 여성의 특성들이 보다 다양화되고 이질화되는 최근의 경향을 반영하고 있지 못한 한계를 갖고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 1997년부터 2005년까지 9년 간 여성의 소득불평등 추이와 원인을 규명하고자 하였다. 1997년 외환위기 이후 여성의 소득불평등도는 다소 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 감소추이는 주로 중산계층 여성의 소득하락과 저소득층 여성의 소득증가에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 소득불평등의 원인으로는 학력 및 연령, 혼인상태 등이 미치는 상대적 영향력이 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 여성의 노동시장 참여율이 지속적으로 증가해 왔음에도 불구하고 여성 내 경제적 지위의 차이는 노동시장 특성보다 연령, 학력 등 개인적 특성과 혼인상태 등의 가구특성의 영향을 보다 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.1313-1318
• /
• 2007

The objective of this study was to examine the psychological distress in women with breast cancer. Subjects were 25 women with breast cancer and 25 healthy women, who were recruited from January 2005 to September 2006 at Dunsan oriental hospital of Daejeon university. Psychological distress were assessed using SCL-90-R(Symptom-Check-List-90-Revised), and diagnosis of sasang constitution was done by QSCCII (Ousestionnare for Sasang Constitution Classification II). Psychological distress were significantly showed in breast cancer patients compared with healthy women. They are associated with unmarried or divorced women, lower level of education, and longer time lapse after diagnosis. Especially, phobic anxiety was significantly higher in Soeumin than Taeumin and Soyangin. These results lead us to the conclusion that it is necessary to psychological stabilization by various method in care program of breast cancer.

• 창의정보문화연구
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.81-94
• /
• 2019

이 연구는 성인 여성의 음주 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 특히 긍정심리학적 요인을 탐색하여 성인 여성의 음주율을 낮추고 단주를 위한 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위한 것이다. 연구는 한국에 사는 20대부터 50대 성인 여성 340명을 온라인으로 무선표집하여 2018년 5월 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시했다. 연구 결과에 따르면 연령이 낮을수록, 미혼, 별거 또는 이혼했을 때 AUDIT가 높았다. AUDIT는 우울과 스트레스와 정적인 상관관계를 보였고 감사와 그릿과 부정적인 상관관계를 보였다. 그리고 연령, 감사, 그릿, 우울 순으로 영향을 받았다. 따라서 성인여성의 음주를 예방하고 절주와 단주를 유지하기 위하여 긍정심리적 요인인 감사와 그릿과 같은 보호요인을 높임으로써 우울과 스트레스를 낮추고 음주를 적정하게 통제할 수 있을 것으로 본다. 더불어 성인여성의 음주를 예방하고 감소시킬 수 있는 다양한 긍정심리적 요인을 탐색하는 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 본다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 1997

This study is about understanding the single elderly's view on remarriage and finding factors that affect the remarriage which should provide basic data for the future research on the single elderly's view on remarriage. 251 single elderly men and women (divorced or widowed) were asked to answer the survey questionnaire which also involved individual interviews. A brief summary of the results of this study is as following. The elderly's view on remarriage significantly varies according to the factors like sex age and the number of children of the elderly cause of being single degree of loneliness need for remarriage degree of satisfaction out previous marriage prior remarriage experience. The degree of satisfaction out of previous marriage is high when they maintain cordial relationship with their children and the cause of breakup of marriage is death and the degree of loneliness is high and the period of the previous marriage is long while the period of being single afterward is short. Women's expectation level of remarriage is significantly different in most variables. But that of men's is not different significantly different in most variables. But that of men's is not different significantly in most variables. The satisfaction of the first marriage and the expectation level of remarriage are in positive correlation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.332-337
• /
• 1994

한국여성의 신체화 장애 정도를 평가하기 위하여 1993년 8월 1일 부터 1994년 1월 31일 까지 일반 여성 127명, 일반 남성 99명에게 DSM-III-R의 7-symptoms screening test를 적용한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 신체화 장애군으로 분류된 여성은 13명(5.8%)으로 남성 3명(3.1%)보다 약 2.8배 많았다. 신체화 장애군으로 분류된 여성들이 많이 보인 증상은 사지의 통증(9명), 월경통(8명), 숨가쁨(7명), 기억상실(7명)등의 순서였다. 사회정신의학적 요인들과 신체화 증상의 빈도 사이의 관계를 살펴본 결과저학력인 경우, 배우자와 이별한 경우, 가족 분위기에 불만인 경우, 과거 현재 미래의 자아상에 대하여 불만인 경우, 현 재의 생활상태에 대하여 불만인 경우등에서 유의 하게 높은 수의 신체화 증상을 보였다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.179-190
• /
• 2011

This study examined the association between marital status and mental health(depression, and suicidal ideation) of Korean adults by age and sex, using 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Differences of marital status in depression and suicidal ideation were assessed by age and sex-specific prevalence according to each stage of the life course. Our results indicated that adults who divorced, separated, and widowed had significantly higher risk of poor mental health than married adults. Men with no spouse at the stage of middle and older aged are reported higher in depressive symptom than married men. For the suicidal ideation, men with no spouse had higher risk of suicidal ideation through all stage of life course. Women were more likely to report depressive symptom and suicidal ideation than men through all stage of life course. But we could not found the mental health advantage of marriage among Korean women through all stage of life course. Based on findings, the study clearly indicate that the implication of marriage on mental health could be different for adults of different age group and sex.