• 제목/요약/키워드: Diurnal preference

검색결과 7건 처리시간 0.017초

PER3 유전자다형성과 일중선호도의 연관성 (Association Study between Per3 Gene Polymorphism and Diurnal Preference)

  • 강승걸;최태영;윤호경;박영민;김린;이헌정
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2011
  • 목 적: 일중선호도는 하루 중 어느 시간대에 각성도가 높고 활기찬 지에 대한 경향으로 아침형-저녁형이라고도 알려져있다. PER3 유전자는 일중선호도에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서 우리는 젊고 건강한 피험자들에서 환경과 혼란요인들을 통제하고 PER3 유전자 다형성과 일중선호도간에 연관을 연구하였다. 방 법: 연구에 참여한 대상자는 299명의 의과대학생들(남자 299, 여자 191명)이며 평균연령은 22.9세였다. 일중선호도는 13개 문항의 Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM)로 측정하였다. PER3 VNTR(rs57875989)의 유전자형분석은 중합효소연쇄반응법을 사용하여 이루어졌다. 양측검정으로 유의수준은 p<0.05로 하였다. 결 과: 전체 대상자에 대한 CSM 점수는 31.90${\pm}$6.39 (평균${\pm}$표준편차)였다. 남녀간에 CSM 총점에 유의한 차이는 없었다. PER3 5R/5R에서 CSM 점수가 높은 경향을 보였으나, PER3 VNTR(rs57875989) 유전자형과 대립유전자에 따른 CSM 점수의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 본 연구는 젊은 건강한 한국인에서 PER3 V- NTR과 일중선호도간의 연관을 입증하지 못했다. 향후 보다 대규모의 피험자들을 대상으로 PER3의 여러 유전자들에 대해 다형성과 일중선호도간의 연관에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

RORA 유전자 다형성과 한국인 젊은 성인에서 일중선호도와의 연관성 (Association of the RORA Gene Polymorphism and Diurnal Preference in a Young Korean Population)

  • 주훈;조철현;문정호;김린;이헌정
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.25-28
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    • 2016
  • 목 적 : Retinoid-related orphan receptor A (RORA) 유전자가 일주기리듬의 조절에 영향을 미친다는 사실이 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 RORA 유전자다형성과 일중선호도의 연관성을 한국인 젊은 성인을 대상으로 분석하였다. 방 법 : 광고를 통해 모집한 504명의 젊은 성인이 최종적으로 대상에 포함되었다. 모든 대상은 13문항 composite scale for morningness (CSM)를 작성하였다. RORA rs11071547 단일염기다형성은 PCR 기반한 실험 방법을 통하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : CSM 점수결과 일중선호도는 RORA rs11071547 SNP의 유전자형과 대립유전자 보유여부에 따라 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 이러한 연구결과는 RORA rs11071547 SNP가 일중선호도에 중요한 역할을 하지 않을 가능성을 보여준다.

Habitat selection in the lesser cuckoo, an avian brood parasite breeding on Jeju Island, Korea

  • Yun, Seongho;Lee, Jin-Won;Yoo, Jeong-Chil
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.106-114
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    • 2020
  • Background: Determining patterns of habitat use is key to understanding of animal ecology. Approximately 1% of bird species use brood parasitism for their breeding strategy, in which they exploit other species' (hosts) parental care by laying eggs in their nests. Brood parasitism may complicate the habitat requirement of brood parasites because they need habitats that support both their host and their own conditions for breeding. Brood parasitism, through changes in reproductive roles of sex or individual, may further diversify habitat use patterns among individuals. However, patterns of habitat use in avian brood parasites have rarely been characterized. In this study, we categorized the habitat preference of a population of brood parasitic lesser cuckoos (Cuculus poliocephalus) breeding on Jeju Island, Korea. By using compositional analyses together with radio-tracking and land cover data, we determined patterns of habitat use and their sexual and diurnal differences. Results: We found that the lesser cuckoo had a relatively large home range and its overall habitat composition (the second-order selection) was similar to those of the study area; open areas such as the field and grassland habitats accounted for 80% of the home range. Nonetheless, their habitat, comprised of 2.54 different habitats per hectare, could be characterized as a mosaic. We also found sexual differences in habitat composition and selection in the core-use area of home ranges (third-order selection). In particular, the forest habitat was preferentially utilized by females, while underutilized by males. However, there was no diurnal change in the pattern of habitat use. Both sexes preferred field habitats at the second-order selection. At the third-order selection, males preferred field habitats followed by grasslands and females preferred grasslands followed by forest habitats. Conclusions: We suggest that the field and grassland habitats represent the two most important areas for the lesser cuckoo on Jeju Island. Nevertheless, this study shows that habitat preference may differ between sexes, likely due to differences in sex roles, sex-based energy demands, and potential sexual conflict.

SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN A SMALL HERD OF JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE IN A DRY-LOT

  • Nakanishi, Y.;Mutoh, Y.;Umetsu, R.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.183-188
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    • 1992
  • Behaviour of 7 horned Japanese Black Cattle (3-9 years old) kept in a $450m^2$ dry-lot under loose housing condition was observed in the daytime (0930-1730 h) during 3 consecutive days. Eating and lying behaviour of cattle and the positions of all animals when lying together were recorded at 10-min intervals. Agonistic encounters and social licking interactions in the herd were also recorded. The cattle established a social hierarchy which was near linear. An irregularity in the diurnal rhythm of lying behaviour was found on the 3rd day, which appeared to be caused by oestrus behaviour of a herdmate. Eating frequency showed greater variation among individuals than lying frequency, and the most dominant animal ate most frequently in the herd. The spatial pattern of the herd when lying indicated a relatively loose dispersion in the lot. Higher ranking cattle tended to lie down more frequently near the hay rack in the lot, so that lower ranking animals had more difficult access to feed. Cattle with more social licking interactions had a tendency to lie down near each other irrespective of proximity of social order, therefore it was suggested that social preference among particular individuals occurred in the herd.

Detection, modulation, and transmission of sweet taste in regulation for energy homeostasis

  • Jyotaki, Masafumi;Ninomiya, Yuzo
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.49-52
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    • 2009
  • Perception of sweet compounds is important for animals to detect external carbohydrate source of calories and plays a crucial role in feeding behavior of animals. Recent progress in molecular genetic studies provides evidence for a candidate receptor (heterodimers with taste receptor type 1 member 2 and 3: T1R2/T1R3), and major downstream transduction molecules required for sweet taste signaling. Several studies demonstrated that the sweet taste signal can be modulated by a satiety hormone, leptin, through its receptors expressed in a subset of sweet-sensitive taste cells. Increase of internal energy storage in the adipose tissue leads to increase in the plasma leptin level which can reduce activities of sweet-sensitive cells. In human, thus, diurnal variation of plasma leptin level parallels variation of taste recognition thresholds for sweet compounds. This leptin modulation of sweet taste sensitivity may influence individuals' preference, ingestive behavior, and absorption of nutrients, thereby plays important roles in regulation of energy homeostasis.

Feeding Behaviour and Forage Nutrient Utilization by Goats on a Semi-Arid Reconstituted Silvipasture

  • Sharma, K.;Saini, A.L.;Singh, Nawab;Ogra, J.L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.344-350
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    • 1998
  • Seasonal variations in the feeding behaviour of Jamunapari and Barbari goat breeds and their utilization of browse and grass nutrients was evaluated in a promising 3-tier (Leucaena leucocephala- Dichro-stachys nutan-Cenchrus ciliaris) reconstituted pasture during summer, rainy and winter season of the years 1987 and 1988. Distinct diurnal pattern of feeding was observed with both the breeds. Jamunapari goats spent significantly more time foraging during winter season (352.0 min) followed by summer (306.0 min) and least in rainy season (277.0 min). Though no significant difference was observed in the relative time spent by Barbari goats on grazing activities during summer and winter season, they spent significantly more (p < 0.05) time during rainy season as compared to other two seasons. The preference of grazing goats for certain plant species in relation to others was evident with distinct seasonal and breed variations. DM intake (g/kg $BW^{075}$) varied significantly (p < 0.05) from season to season. Among the browse. L. leucocephala was prefered over D. nutan irrespective of breed over the seasons. There was no breed difference in DM intake, or proximate composition and nutrient digestibility of ingested herbage. The available nutrient content of ingested forage was found sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of adult goats for maintenance (NRC, 1981). The reconstituted 3-tier pasture dominated by plant species like L. leucocephala and Cenchrus species appear to have great potential to sustain the nutrient requirement of goats without adverse seasonal fluctuations in pasture quality.

천수만에 도래하는 기러기류의 분포양상과 시기에 따른 분포의 변화 (Distribution Aspect and Seasonal Distribution Change of the Wintering Geese in Cheonsu Bay)

  • 유승화;김준범;김인규
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.632-639
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    • 2008
  • 기러기류의 분포양상과 시기에 따른 분포변화에 대한 연구를 2006년 10월부터 2007년 3월까지 천수만 부남호와 간월호에서 실시하였다. 기러기류는 주간에 주로 농경지에 분포하였으며, 해안에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 격자별 최대개체수를 이용한 분포도에서, 농경지에서 관찰된 기러기류는 부남호와 간월호 지역 모두 면적이 넓은 지역에 대한 분포비율이 높았다. 특히, 잠자리지역인 저수지와 가까운 지역의 취식비율이 높았다. 기러기류의 주간 취식지는 부남호와 간월호 모두 초기 10월에는 잠자리 지역인 저수지 인근 농경지를 이용하였지만, 월동 중기 1월 이후에는 잠자리에서 먼 지역을 취식지로 이용하였다. 월동말기인 3월에는 개체수 규모가 크게 줄어들고 잠자리에서 먼 지역의 농경지를 더 높은 비율로 이용하였다. 저수지에서 가까운 1km 이내 지역의 평균 개체수가 다른 지역에 비하여 높았다. 월동초기($10{\sim}11$월)에는 저수지 인근지역이 취식지로 선호되었지만, $12{\sim}1$월 그리고, $2{\sim}3$월로 갈수록 평균 서식개체수의 차이가 감소하여 유의한 차이가 없었다. 1km 이내의 격자지역은 초기에 매우 높은 서식지 이용률을 보이지만 차차 감소하여 2월 이후 다시 증가하였다. 반면, 저수지로부터 2km 이상 떨어진 지역은 초기에 매우 낮은 서식지 이용률을 보이지만, 점차 증가하여 1월말에 최대 이용률을 보이고, 이후 점차 감소하였다. 1km 이상2km 미만에 해당하는 지역은 초기에 2km 이상지역보다 이용률이 높고, 1km 미만의 지역보다 낮은 서식지 이용률을 보이지만 11월까지 증가하다가 점차 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 본 연구결과는 기러기류의 취식지 선택이 잠자리와의 거리에 영향을 받으며, 취식무리의 체류 시간에 따라서 먹이량이 감소하여 취식지 선택 양상이 변화하는 것을 보여준다.