• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.127-138
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• 1999

This study was done to examine consciousness and preventive strategies of adolescent drug abuse. This study design was descriptive survey. The data were collected from 1,830 students from 32 middle and high schools from November 11 to December 20, 1997, using qestionnaires. The data were analyzed using SAS computer programs. The study results are as follows ; Most of adolescent get the information on narcotics and drug abuse from TV, newspaper, magazine and advertisement. Some of them(48.8%) have received education on drug prevention. However, respondants (49.3%) answered unsatisfactory on preventive education. 69.2% of respondants do not know the legal regulation on alcohol and cigarette. The survey on the degree of cognition on drug abuse shows the serious results : cigarette(79.1%), alcohol(74.1%), bonds(55.1%), gas(49.8%), excitants(48.5%), narcotics(29%), marihwana(27.8%) and, diuretics (21.9%). The situation of adolescent drug abuse is also serious in the order of alcohol 38. 2%, cigarette 14.3%, marihwana 9.4%.

• 생약학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.258-262
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• 1993

The plant of Pedicularis resupinata var. oppositifolia(Scrophulariaceae) is described to be used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, malignant abscess (tumor), urolith and diuretics in oriental medicinal books. This study is concerned with some general pharmacological activities. It was observed that the methanol extract of the aerial part of this plant showed some effects on acute toxicity, carrageenin induced edema in rat paw, bile juice secretion and antibacterial effect. From this result it was obtained that the methanol extract revealed the antiinflammatory activity and bile juice secretion increasing effect. Thus, it was fractionated and buthanol fraction has obvious inhibition effect on edema and bile juice secretion increasing effect. The total extract showed low acute toxicity i.e., the minimum lethal dose was more than 8000mg/kg in oral administration in mice.

• International Journal of Heart Failure
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2024

Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represent over half of heart failure cases but lack proven effective therapies beyond sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and diuretics. HFmrEF and HFpEF are heterogeneous conditions requiring precision phenotyping to enable tailored therapies. This review covers concepts on precision medicine approaches for HFmrEF and HFpEF. Areas discussed include HFmrEF mechanisms, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic treatments for obesity-related HFpEF, If inhibition for HFpEF with atrial fibrillation, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for chronic kidney disease-HFpEF. Incorporating precision phenotyping and matched interventions in HFmrEF and HFpEF trials will further advance therapy compared to blanket approaches.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2007

목적 : 부종은 신증후군 환아에서 대표적 특징중 하나로 발생 기전은 아직 완전하지는 않으나 대개 저혈량증과 과다혈량증 두 가지로 설명되고 있다. 적절한 부종의 치료를 위하여서는 환자의 혈량 상태를 평가하는 것은 매우 중요하나 임상적징후만으로는 적절한 평가가 어려운 경우가 있어 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비를 측정하는 방법이 보다 유용한 방법으로 소개되어, 본 연구에서는 소아 신증후군 환아의 혈류량 평가에 이를 적용하여 그 효용성에 대한 연구를 시행하였다. 방법 : 1995년 1월부터 2005년 6월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 소아과를 방문한 일차성신증후군 환아를 대상으로 전향적인 방법으로 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비가 60% 이상인 경우를 저혈량증, 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비가 60% 이하인 경우를 과다혈량증으로 분류하였다. 혈류량의 상태를 간접적으로 나타내는 심박동수 증가, 심비대, 흉막삼출 등의 임상적 징후와 혈액검사 및 요검사 등을 분석하였으며, 저혈량증인 경우는 알부민 및 이뇨제를 함께 사용하였으며 반면에 과다혈량증인 경우는 이뇨제만 투여하여 이뇨 효과 및 수분-전해질 이상 등의 부작용 동반 유무를 관찰하였다. 결과 :소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비에 따른 과다혈량증은 29례이고 저혈량증은 21례였다. 빈맥, 심비대, 흉막삼출 등의 임상적 징후와 FeNa를 제외한 혈액검사 및 소변검사에서 두 군의 차이는 없었다. FeNa와 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비은 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 BUN과 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비은 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 부종 치료후의 소변량은 두 군 모두 효과적으로 이뇨되었으며, 치료로 인한 수분-전해질 이상 등의 부작용은 없었다. 결론 : 신증후군의 부종에서 소변 칼륨/소변 칼륨+소변 나트륨 비로써 혈류량 평가하며 그에 따른 부종의 치료는 매우 유용하였으며, FeNa와 혈액요소질소도 혈류량의 의미있는 평가 지표로 사용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2012

Performance of coronary angiography for exact diagnosis and treatments of cardiovascular disease have been increased recently and it also brings increase of the contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) referred from increasing use of radiological contrast agents. The variation of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is an indicator of CIN, which is known to increase when renal function is decreased. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the affecting factors including concomitant drug on variation of eGFR of patients who underwent coronary angiography according to the conditions of renal function. Medical records of 66 patients were evaluated retrospectively and the patients underwent coronary angiography or angioplasty with nonionic and isotonic contrast media (iodixanol) at Chungnam national university hospital from 1 Jan 2008 to 30 Jul 2010. Patients group was divided into 2 groups; the patients in stages 3-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the patients in stage 2 CKD. Each group was researched about the effect of concomitant drug and clinical characteristics on eGFR variation. The change of eGFR was compared among baseline and 2 or 3 day after coronary angiography. In results, the eGFR variation in group over age 75 was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation in anemia was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stage 2 CKD (p > 0.05). The eGFR variation in group under $HbA_{1c}$ 6.5% was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by taking statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and nitroglycerin was increased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stage 2 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by using of diuretics was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). The eGFR variation by taking statins, nitroglylcerin was increased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD(p > 0.05). The eGFR variation in group over contrast dosage 150 ml was significantly decreased after radiological contrast agents exposure in stages 3-4 CKD (p $$\leq_-$$ 0.05). Therefore, when undergoing coronary angiography, contrast dosage should be minimized less than 150 ml, and diuretics should be restricted as possible in stages 3-4 CKD. Patients over age 75 require special attention to prevent CIN, and if patients undergo coronary angiography in stages 3-4 CKD, $HbA_{1c}$ is also requried to maintain below 6.5% to prevent CIN.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.17-32
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to promote health for young female workers. It is based on questionnaires collected from 215 female workers in Incheon area. This study includes health condition (fatigue scores), occupational disease, knowledge of abused drugs and the actual condition of drug use. The results are summerized as follows: - $47.4\%$ visited their health center and were treated with diseases like cold and headache $(34.9\%)$, gastroenteric disease $(6.5\%)$, trauma $(7.9\%)$ and chronic disease such as diabetes and hypertension $(3.3\%)$ - $44.7\%$ received regular health education and $4.7\%$ among them received education on abused drugs. - $20.5\%$ were suffering from work related diseases such as gastroenteric disease, headache, trauma, repiratory disease, skin problem, arthritis, low back pain, shortsightness and tuberculosis. - Total mean fatigue score as an indication of health status was $9.0\pm5.4$ points out of 30 points. Physical mean score (group I) was $3.92\pm2.2$ points and psychological mean score was $2.5\pm2.3$ points and neurosensory mean score was $2.6\pm2.1$ points out of each 10 points. - They recognized analgesics $(55.0\%)$ and the next are laxatives $(49.8\%)$, inhalants $(40.0\%)$, narcotics $(24.2\%)$, stimulants $(24.0\%)$, antihistamines$(5.9\%)$, diuretics $(3.0\%)$, tranquilizer $(2.4\%)$ and sedatives $(1.4\%)$ - They used analgesics $(37.2\%)$ the most and then laxatives $(6.0\%)$, stimulants$(5.6\%)$, diuretics $(1.9\%)$, antihistamines$(0.5\%)$, And nobody used tranquilizer, sedatives, narcotics and inhalant. - The relationship between career, drug abuse education, health center utilization and and the actual condition of drug using was examined. The longer the career and the more educated with drug abuse, the less drug used. And those who utilized health center rarely used more drugs. - The relationship between career, health center utilization, the score of fatigue and use of analgesics was also examined. Those group who have a longer career above 3 years and the group who have never used health center used more analgesics. And the group of fatigue score above 11.0 points used a little more analgesics than the other group. These results indicate that analgesics are the most frequent used drugs among female workers. Those analgesics such as geborin, penzal, saridon, aspirin, tyrenol should be used properly. These basic data is submitted for the education and consultation which are carried out by industrial nurses for promoting health of industrial workers.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2002

Hypertension is an important public health problem because it increases the risk of stroke, angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and end-stage renal disease. If it is not actively treated, morbidity and mortality increase with hypertension-induced complications and quality of life decreases. This study was to evaluate the use of antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure changes and to compare algorithms chosen (or the 1st and 2nd line therapy of hypertension based on the JNC VI recommendations. The medical charts of 222 patients with essential hypertension at St. Vincent's Hospital in Suwon from January 1997 to January 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. Data collection and analysis included baseline BP underlying diseases and complications, administered antihypertensives, BP changes, changes of antihypertensive regimen, and adverse effects with treatments. As results, the higher BP the patients had, the more frequent they had target organ damages and clinical cardiovascular diseases. Mean duration to reduce blood pressure less than 140/90 mmHg was 8 weeks in $85.3\%$ of the patients. The rate of control in BP was $82.4\%$ at 6 months. The major antihypertensive drugs prescribed were calcium channel blockers $(61.8\%)$ , ACE inhibitors $(19.1\%),\;\beta-blockers\;(13.7\%)$ and diuretics $(5.3\%)$ as the 1st-line monotherapy. The methods of treatment used as the 1st-line therapy were monotherapy$(59\%)$ and combination therapy $(41\%)$. Blood pressure change was significantly greater for combination therapy than monotherapy$(-26.2\pm21.4\;vs.\;-18.56\pm16.7$ mmHg for systolic blood pressure; P<0.003, $-16.9\pm13.2\;vs.\;-9.2\pm12.8$ mmHg for diastolic blood pressure; p<0.001). When blood pressure was not completely controlled with the first antihypertensive selected, the 2nd line therapy had 4 options: addition of 2nd agent from different class; $66.2\%$, substitution with another drug, $21.9\%$ increase dose $11.9\%$ continue first regimen $27.9\%$ Calcium channel blockers were the most frequently prescribed agents. This was not comparable to the JNC VI guideline which recommended diuretics and $\beta-blockers$ for the 1st-line therapy. Most of patients achieved the goal BP and maintained it until 6 months, but the remaining patients should be controlled more tightly to improve their BP with combination of life style modification, patient education, and pharmacotherapy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 1993

The final purpose of oral & maxillofacial trauma is functional & esthetic repair. Nowadays, severe trauma involving with the head & neck trauma is increasing. After these trauma occurs, the patients develop similar signs & symptoms with the postoperative healing period, as like thurst, hypertention, excitability, disorientation, convulsion, et al. Because SIADH which is one of important complications after head trauma, shows similar clinical features after operation, we should pay attention to detect it. SIADH shows characteristic laboratory findings, as like hyponatremia, urine hyperosmolality, increased plasma ADH level, continued renal excretion of sodium, so we can easily distinguish it from postoperative conditions. This paper reports two cases, one was the case of the mandibular fracture and cerebral contusion, which included permanent SIADH. The other was the case of the multiple teeth injury and cerebral contusion, which was transient SIADH. We treated them with water restriction, hypertonic saline, and diuretics.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.676-684
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for falls and to suggest data for developing a program for preventing falls. Methods: This was a case-control study in five university hospitals and a general hospital. In total, 216 patients over the age of 18 yr admitted from January 1 to December 31, 2007 participated. One hundred eight patients with experience of falling were matched by gender, age level, diagnosis, and length of stay with 108 patents with no experience of falling admitted on the same unit. A quality assurance coordinator nurse in each hospital examined 35 fall risk factors developed by researchers. Results: In acute hospitals, history of falls, orientation ability, dizziness or vertigo, general weakness, urination problems, transfer/mobility difficulty, walking dependency, impatience, benzodiazepines, diuretics, and vasodilators showed significance on adjusted-odds ratios for fall. Logistic regression analysis was performed to elucidate the factors that influence falls. The probability of falls was increased by dizziness/vertigo, general weakness, and impatience/agitation. Conclusion: This finding can be used as a useful resource in developing nursing intervention programs to predict and prevent the falls of inpatients.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2014

Objectives: A 54-year-old advanced gastric cancer patient developed severe fluid retention after docetaxel chemotherapy, at cumulative dose of $930mg/m^2$, with no improvement using diuretics or prophylactic glucocorticoids. Consequently, he changed chemotherapy regimen from docetaxel to paclitaxel. After he treated with herbal decoction Bangkihwangki-tang (BHT), which is widely used to treat several symptoms including edema in traditional Korean medicine, docetaxel-induced fluid retention (DIFR) was significantly improved along with associated symptoms, such as peripheral edema, pleural and pericardial effusion, pain, scleroderma, and hypoesthesia. As the symptoms were relieved, his performance status and ambulatory ability were improved. During herbal treatment, he continued chemotherapy without any problems and didn't show any adverse events related to herbal medicine. Although there is possibility of natural improvement progress after withdrawal of docetaxel, he showed shorter recovery period and significant improvement despite of severity of initial symptoms.