• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.54-75
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• 1993

The purpose of this thesis is to suggest objective basic data for the super graphics in the urban landscape through the quantitative visual quality analysis. For this, the image structure of super graphics have been measured mainly by questionnaries and semantic differential scle method and analyzed by the method of factor analysis, means and multiple regression. Degree of visual preference have been measured mainly by questionnaries and likert attitude scale method and finaly these data have been analyzed by using the stepwise method. The data were collected by presenting 12 super graphics photographs-4 each sample pictures from the 3 each selected districts representing typical urban landscape style(central business district, shopping district, apartment complex). Observer groups were categorized as professionals, students, the others. Result of this thesis can be summarized as fallows: 1. From all 12(3${\times}$4) sample super graphics, the value of each semantic differential scale among the observer groups were presented significant group difference. But no significant difference of the S.D. scale value were observed among central business district, shopping district and apartment complex super graphics. 2. For all experimental points, 4 types of factor have been observed. Factors covering the image of super graphics were found to be the evaluation, the intimacy, the potentiality and the tidiness. 3. Main factors of the super graphics image and factors indicating the group variations yielded high significance between areas. 4. The harmony with surrounding environment, the proper selection of super graphics subject yielded high values for all groups. Especially, the good color sense with building was the most important variable determining the degree of visual preference. 5. The urban C.B.D. super graphics obtained 5∼12 ranks of regional visual preference and the shopping district super graphics obtained 2∼11 ranks, and apartment complex super graphics obtained 1∼7 ranks.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2016

본 논문은 벤드(bend)부의 노후 문제를 경감시키기 위한 대안으로 폼패드를 없앤 이중보온관의 형상 설계를 제안하였다. 전 관경에 대해 유한요소해석을 수행하였으며, 이를 토대로 전단제어링 형상을 결정하였다. 제안된 전단제어링 사양 강화이형관에 대한 현장 시공 시험은 진행하였으며, 온도와 응력 데이터를 취득 및 분석하였다. 강화이형관의 제작과 현장 시범시공을 통하여 강화이형관이 폼패드를 시공하지 않으면서도 강관의 열응력이 허용치 기준내에 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 보온재의 전단강도가 강화되어 폼패드를 적용한 기존 벤드보다 낮은 최대 전단응력이 발생함을 확인함으로써, 강화이형관 적용에 따른 구조 안전성 향상 효과를 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 지역난방에 사용되는 이형관인 벤드(bend)의 형상설계에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 지역난방관은 강관(내부)과 폴리우레탄 보온재(중앙부) 그리고 고밀도폴리에틸렌 외관(외부)의 3개의 중공관으로 구성되며 일반적으로 $10{\sim}120^{\circ}C$ 온도범위의 물이 $16kgf/cm^2$의 내압을 가지면서 수송된다. 이에 따라 작동 중 발생하는 반복적인 열적-기계적 하중을 지탱할 수 있어야 한다. 보통 지역난방관의 벤드부에는 폼패드라고 부르는 신축흡수재가 덧씌워지는데 이 폼패드의 노후에 따른 문제가 종종 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 벤드부에서의 폼패드 노후 문제를 경감시키기 위한 대안으로 폼패드를 없앤 이중보온관의 형상 설계를 제안하였다. 제안된 설계는 벤드부 강관에 전단고리(shear ring)를 적용하는 방법으로 이때 전단고리의 최적치수는 다구찌 방법과 유한요소법을 적용하여 접근하였다. 그 결과로 전단고리의 두께와 높이, 개수 순으로 최적화 효과가 있음을 확언하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.16-30
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• 2002

This study tried to understand an ambiguous urban landscape through a relational context. Gongpyeong district, an urban renewal area in Seoul, was selected as the site of the case study because traditional and modern styles coexist in this district. The research method and processes are summarized as follows. First, the district, which has both a redeveloped environment and an inherent environment, was divided into Yin & Yang structures. Next, an effort was made to grasp the fundamental relational characteristics(external relationships) of each type through three aspects: physical environment, activities, and meaning. As a result, Yin characteristics were found in the redeveloped environment which has predominantly Yang characteristics. In many cases, advertising, which is a Yang element, was missing in the redeveloped area. On the other hand, in the inherent environment which has Yin characteristics in general, shabby appearances were evident in aspects beyond advertising, and Yang elements, were found from the viewpoint of the theory of place. On the basis of these results, new dualistic frameworks with respect to the functions were re-structured, and complementary characteristics (internal relationship) based on topological aspects were analyzed. Unlike the monotonous appearances found in large scale environments, a variety of spatial characteristics were found in the various small scale environments. This explains that the dualistic coexistence has made a contribution to the complementary attributes of urban landscape. This study has the following ramifications. Much research of urban landscapes that has used western methodology which employs analytic aspects. As a methodology of urban landscape research this study introduced Iching, which tries to understand phenomena in a relational context. In addition, this study expects that the profound understanding of urban environments and the detailed relationship through this framework will suggest a new approach to urban planning, design and management related to future urban environments.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제30호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2002

Human exists in environment. As environment affects in human movement, human reacts to everything happens in environment especially by the view point of visual continuity and changeability. This study has two purposes. The one is to clarify the visual changeability due to the Human movement from the visual point based on checking the visual field. And the other is to understand the applicable possibility of Philip Thiel's method through the experiment in passing ways. Condition of this study is that colors and figures are affective elements of visual environmental sequence by the Human movement. The Human movement is due to the visual phenomenon. That means it is not limited in Philip Theil's method(Node, District). In particular, the chroma which is checked by the BPA(Basic-Pattern-Area) is the most affective visual environmental element in contemporary shopping mall. Also, everything in visual environment and the movement is connected by the time axis. As an analytical method, the sequence notation devised by Philip Thiel was applied.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 발전 플랜트의 보일러 급수 펌프를 대상으로 신뢰도 기반 정비를 적용하기 위한 고장 데이터 관리에 관한 방법에 대하여 논의하였다. OREDA와 같은 고장 데이터베이스에서 중요한 구성 요소인 고장모드, 고장원인, 고장영향, 고장의 심각도를 분석하는 것이 신뢰도 기반 정비에서 중요한 부분이다. 정비주기와 같이 예방 정비 계획을 세울 때 중요한 부분은 고장 데이터의 통계적 처리로부터 결정될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

Stratified cluster sampling has been widely used for effective parameter estimations due to reductions in time and cost. The probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method is used when the number of cluster element are significantly different. However, simple random sampling (SRS) is commonly used for simplicity if the number of cluster elements are almost the same. Also it is known that the ratio estimator produces a good performance when the total number of population elements is known. However, the two stage cluster estimator should be used if the total number of elements in population is neither known nor accurate. In this study we suggest a composite estimator by combining the ratio estimator and the two stage cluster estimator to obtain a better estimate under a certain population circumstance. Simulation studies are conducted to compare the superiority of the suggested estimator with two other estimators.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.501-508
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• 2002

The percentage of a mountainous district in our country is comparatively high but the concern for rock mass has been disregarded for a long time. Especially for rock slope, the most important factors are geometric characteristics and their shear strength parameter. In this paper, parametric studies are performed using the distinct element computer program UDEC-BB for rock slopes. Parameters adopted in this paper are joint angle, spacing, persistence, aperture and shear strength parameters (JRC, JCS, basic friction angle). To estimate slope stability, shear strength reduction method is used. The most important factors affecting rock slope stability are joint angle and spacing. The relationship between average displacement calculated by UDEC-BB and safe factor by shear strength reduction method is researched.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

일반적인 교통시설물 기초들은 다짐된 조립재료로 구성되는데 강성과 변형은 입자의 크기들이나 분포, 그리고 표면 하중에 의하여 많은 영향을 받아 변형을 유발하게 된다. 따라서 조립재료에 대한 변형 특성 이해와 해석 예측이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 목적을 위하여 개별요소법을 도입하였다. 조립재료의 입자분포를 고려할 수 있는 알고리즘을 수립하고 이를 수치해석에 적용하였고, 삼축압축시험의 응력-변형곡선과 결과를 비교하여 적용 방법의 타당성을 평가하였다. 그 결과 입도분포를 잘 반영하는 해석이 매우 적합한 결과를 보여주고 있으며 하중과 입자의 각 조건을 적용하여 관련 영향들을 살펴보았다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.123-131
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 2차원 및 3차원 유한요소 해석을 이용하여 심층혼합처리 공법에 의한 연약지반 개량시 개량 심도를 결정 하였고, 그 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 2차원 해석 결과는 3차원 해석 결과 보다 약 10% 정도 크게 해석되었다. 2. 연약지반의 치환율이 5%이하 일 때 침하량은 급격히 증가하였다. 3. 심층혼합공법으로 연약지반 개량시 횡방향 간격 3m, 종방향 간격 6m, 그리고 8m의 심도로 개량하는것이 가장 경제적인 것으로 나타났다. 4. 심층혼합공법으로 연약지반 개량시 2차원 유한요소 해석보다 3차원 유한요소 해석으로 결정되어야 한다.