• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.557-560
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• 1990

The transition from one stable steady state branch to another stable steady state branch in a simple metabolic system with positive feedback is discussed with the aid of the bimodal Gaussian probability distribution method. Fluctuations lead to transitions from one stable steady state branch to the other, so that the bimodal Gaussian evolves to a new distribution. We also obtain the fractional occupancies in the two stable steady states in terms of a parameter characterizing conditions of the system.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.537-547
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce the optimal approximation by a Gaussian function for a probability density function. We show that the approximation can be obtained by solving a non-linear system of parameters of Gaussian function. Then, to understand the non-normality of the empirical distributions observed in financial markets, we consider the nearly Gaussian function that consists of an optimally approximated Gaussian function and a small periodically oscillating density function. We show that, depending on the parameters of the oscillation, the nearly Gaussian functions can have fairly thick heavy tails.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.311-320
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• 2023

In this article, a new penalty and different ranking algorithms are used to find the lowest transportation costs for the fuzzy transportation problem. This approach utilises different ranking techniques when dealing with triangular fuzzy numbers. Also, we find that the fuzzy transportation solution of the proposed method is the same as the Fuzzy Modified Distribution Method (FMODI) solution. Finally, examples are used to show how a problem is solved.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.289-293
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of behavior habit and body exercise. We divided 164 volunteers into 2 groups. 82 volunteers was obese group($BMI{\geqq}25$), and the others was normal group(BMI<25). And we investigated the difference of water distribution and muscle circumference of arm, leg and trunk of between obese patient and normality. The results are as follows; Normal group was significantly higher than obese group in leg water distribution and muscle circumference rate as compared with arm(P<0.001). Normal group was significantly higher than obese group in leg water distribution and muscle circumference rate as compared with trunk(P<0.001). Each of the relation of water distribution and muscle circumference was significantly correlated with Pearson correlation analysis(r = 0.96, r = 0.6). In conclusion, there is very important that Low limb exercise and behavior habit in obese.

• IE interfaces
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2011

This paper considers a problem of locating both distribution centers and retailers in a zone-dependent two-level distribution network where either a distribution center or a retailer should be located in each zone. Customer demands of each zone should be satisfied directly from either its own distribution center or its own retailer being supplied from a distribution center of another zone. The objective of the proposed problem is to minimize total cost being composed of distribution center/retailer setup costs and transportation costs. In the analysis, the problem is proved to be NP-hard, so that a branch-and-bound algorithm is derived for the problem. Numerical experiments show that the proposed branch-and-bound algorithm provides the optimal solution efficiently for some small problems.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.105-119
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• 2012

This paper presents the mix composition and production method that was applied to an extruded Ductile Fiber Reinforced Cement Composite (DFRCC) panel, as well as the flexural performance, represented by deformation hardening behavior with multiple cracking. The effect of fiber distribution characteristics on the flexural behavior of the panel is also addressed. In order to demonstrate the fiber distribution effect, a series of experiments and analyses, including a sectional image analysis and micromechanical analysis, was performed. From the experimental and analysis results, it was found that the flexural behavior of the panel was highly affected by a slight variation in the mix composition. In terms of the average fiber orientation, the fiber distribution was found to be similar to that derived under the assumption of a two-dimensional random distribution, irrespective of the mix composition. In contrast, the probability density function for the fiber orientation was measured to vary depending on the mix composition.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2017

This paper introduces a two-parameter discrete distribution based on a continuous two-parameter bathtub distribution. It is the only two-parameter discrete distribution that shows a bathtub-shaped hazard function. Some statistical properties of the distribution are discussed. Three different methods are used to estimate its two unknown parameters. The point estimators of the parameters have no closed form. The bootstrap method is used to estimate the distributions of these point estimators. Different approximations of the interval estimations for the two-parameters are discussed. Real data sets are analyzed to show how this distribution works in practice. A simulation study is performed to investigate the properties of the estimations obtained and compare their performances.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1195-1202
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• 2004

In this paper an experimental study was investigated for two-phase flow distribution in compact heat exchanger header. A test section was consisted of the horizontal bottom dividing header($\phi$: 5 mm, L: 80 mm) and 10 upward circular mini channels ($\phi$: 1.5 mm, L: 850 mm) using an acrylic tube. Three different types of tube intrusion depth were tested for the mass flux and inlet mass quality ranges of 50 - 200 kg/$m^2$s and 0.1 - 0.3, respectively. Air and water were used as the test fluids. The distribution of vapor and liquid is obtained by measurement of the total mass flow rate and the calculation of the quality. Two-phase flow pattern was observed, and pressure drop of each channel was measured. By adjusting the intrusion depth of each channel an uniform liquid flow distribution through the each channel was able to solve the mal-distribution problem.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5-17
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the possible ways to minimize damage by analyzing the influence that may be exerted upon the business process of the distribution industry by unexpected climate change. Research design, data, and methodology - The optimum business process is to be implemented after dividing the diversified business process of the distribution industry into the four stages of the Business Continuity Plan (BCP). Results - First, the upper-level risks that would be impacted most sensitively by climate change have been selected. Second, the impact and characteristics of the environment have been discovered. Third, weighted values by criteria item of upper-level business risks have been analyzed. Fourth, it was possible to define the business priority order based on the individual and then to adjust the Recovery Time Objective (RTO). Conclusion - In this study, the priority order has been defined quantitatively by calculating the priority order score. Further, the priority order has been determined depending on whether any targeted business unit is applicable to the items of the business nature criteria.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.2A no.4
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• pp.166-173
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• 2002

Dispersed Generation (DG) units significantly effect the existing distribution protection practices. Therefore, new protection practices of the distribution system interconnected with DG units should be reevaluated and developed. In this paper, a new inter-tie protection scheme of DG units for distribution automatic reclosing is proposed. The impact of DG units on existing radial-sectionaliser coordination is analyzed. And the effects of the distribution reclosing type (radial and passive reclosing) on DG dynamics are analyzed and classified. From the results of the DG dynamic responses by the reclosing type, i.e. radial and passive reclosing, the inter-tie protection schemes of DG are introduced to improve the reliability and availability of utility interactive DG. The proposed schemes are proved and evaluated by a case study using PSCAD/EMTDC simulation.