• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.4A
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• pp.304-311
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• 2005

OCSP has specific characters which can suspend, close, and correct in real time. But, as more clients use the OCSP server verification, more updated information is needed, which can lead to jamming in the OCSP server. To apply this technique of Distributed OCSP server so as to reduce the certificate verification OCSP from jamming. Also, the Distributed OCSP server will solve the problems of the intensive central structure. Simulation results show that the average reply time of certificate verification request and server load are reduced in the case using distributed OCSP. In addition to this advantage, resource distribution and fault tolerance are acquired because of multiple OCSP.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.497-502
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• 2004

OCSP has specific characters which can suspend, close, and correct in real time. But, as more clients use the OCSP server verification, more updated information is needed, which can lead to jamming in the OCSP server. To apply this technique of Distributed OCSP server so as to reduce the certificate verification OCSP from jamming. Also, the Distributed OCSP server will solve the problems of the intensive central structure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.33-36
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• 2004

공개키기반구조(Public Key Infrastructure, PKI)는 인터넷상에서의 안전한 전자거래를 위한 보안기술의 핵심적인 요소이며, OCSP(Online Certificate Status Protocol)는 PKI에서 공개키 인증서의 상태를 검증하기 위한 프로토콜이다. 최근 단일 OCSP 서버의 업무 부담을 줄이고 OCSP 서버의 개인키 노출에 대한 영향을 최소화시킬 수 있는D-OCSP(Distributed OCSP) 시스템이 제안 되었다. 본 논문에서는 신원기반의 암호기법을 이용하여 효율적인 D-OCSP 시스템을 설계하기 위한 방안을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.97-106
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• 2003

The important factor in Public-Key Infrastructure is the authentication to correspondent. We receive the digital certificate for authentication between each other, and then we check the existence of validity on the certificate by Certification Revocation List(CRL). But, To use CRL is the scheme used in offline status. So, it is impossible to refer to the latest information and the CRL scheme which is used after downloading is variously unsuitable to getting bigger of the CRL size as time goes on. Therefore, we prefer OCSP(Online Certificate Status Protocol) used in online to CRL used in offline. Consequently, we propose the scheme which provides the request of fast verification in case of requesting the verification on the certificate by owning the same update information to Certificate Registry and distributed OCSP.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2008

The conventional CA(Certificate Authority) has problems in dealing with certificates whose valid time is expired and in managing CRI (Certificate Revocation Information) produced by clients. Many researches are conducted to solve them, but they have limitations in providing real-time verifications of certificates' status for clients. In this paper, we propose a new CRI management model to address these limitations in distributed OCSP(On-line Certificate Status Protocol) environments. CRL(Certificate Revocation List) is divided into two parts: one part that is recent is replicated over several OCSP servers, the other part is replicated and distributed over servers. Our methods can help to break the bottleneck of CA, and effectively reduce the size of CRL transferred. Therefore, with our methods, clients can verify the state of certificates in real time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.1107-1110
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• 2004

PKI(Public key Infrastructure)기반에서 CA(Certificate Authority)는 사용자를 인증하기 위해서 인증서를 생성하고, 인증서의 상태를 검증하기위해서 CRL(Certificate Revocation List)를 발행하여 인증서 취소 상태를 확인하도록 한다. CRL을 사용할 경우 사용자의 증가로 인하여 CRL의 크기가 증가 함으로써 많은 부담과 실시간 처리가 어렵다. 이와 같은 단점을 보안하기 위해서 최근에는 실시간 처리가 가능한 OCSP(Online Certificate Status Protocol)방법이 제안되었지만 이 또한 사용자의 급증으로 하나의 OCSP 서버에 집중화 됨으로써 OCSP 서버의 부하가 많이 생긴다. 본 논문에서는 집중 OCSP 서버에서 생기는 부하를 줄이기 위해 여러 개의 OCSP 서버를 두고, 각 OCSP 서버의 응답 처리 시간을 빠르게 하기 위해서 CA가 실시간으로 인증서 취소 정보를 해당 OCSP 서버에게 분배하여 전달하고 Front Server를 둠으로써 각 OCSP의 Load를 모니터링하여 부하가 적게 걸린 OCSP에게 인증서 상태 검증을 함으로써 신뢰성과 각 OCSP 서버의 부하를 줄이는 방안을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-53
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• 2004

The distributed OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol), composed of multiple responders, is a model that enhances the utilization of each responder and reduces the response time. In a multi-user distributed environment, load balancing mechanism must be developed for the improvement of the performance of the whole system. Conservative load balancing algorithms often ignore the communication cost of gathering the information of responders. As the number of request is increased, however, fail to consider the communication cost may cause serious problems since the communication time is too large to disregard. We propose an adaptive load balancing algorithm and evaluate the effectiveness by performing modeling and simulation. The principal advantage of new algorithm is in their simplicity: there is no need to maintain and process system state information. We evaluated the quality of load balancing achieved by the new algorithm by comparing the queue size of responders and analyzing the utilization of these responders. The simulation results show how efficiently load balancing is done with the new algorithm.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2004

PKI(Public Key Infrastructure) issues a certificate for providing Integrity of public key. and it Inspects the validity by downloading CRL(Certificate Revocation List) for checking the validity of certificate. But. it imposes a burden on processing of certificate due to Increase of user and the size of CRL, Lately, OCSP(Online Certificate Status Protocol), which examines the validity on online, is published as an alternative plan. But, it makes a problem due to concentration of just one certificate repository, Accordingly we propose the scheme that OCSP server is arranged in distributed area and then the information is safely transmitted to OCSP server.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.190-192
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• 2005

PKI(Public Key Infrastructure)에서 인증서 상태 검증은 네트워크 환경에서의 거래에 신뢰성과 안전성 및 기밀성, 무결성 등의 서비스를 제공한다. 인증서 검증 방식은 CRL, OCSP, SCVP, DVCS 등이 있다. CRL은 시간이 지남에 따라 CRL의 크기가 증가하여 검증 시간이 지연되고 실시간 검증을 할 수 없는 단점을 가지고 있다. OCSP는 CRL을 이용하지 않고 거의 실시간에 가깝게 인증서를 검증하지만 서버의 부하 증가와 느린 검증 등의 단점을 가지고 있다. 분산 OCSP는 OCSP 서버를 분산시킨 후 CRL을 중복하여 보관하거나 분개하여 보관한 상태에서 검증하는 방식으로 대리검증에 따른 느린 검증과 CA의 부하부담 등의 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 제기된 단점들을 해결하여 빠른 검증과 부하 분산 효과를 얻을 수 있도록 분산된 OCSP 서버를 그룹으로 분류하고, 그룹 내의 각 서버에 인증서 폐지 정보를 중복 저장하여 부하분산, 빠른 검증, CRL을 Delta CRL 방식으로 OCSP 서버에 전송하여 네트워크 부하를 감소할 수 있도록 그룹 분산 OCSP 방식을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.1 s.39
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

As the E-commerce and E-business are developed actively, using certificate is incremented rapidly. The certificate validation must be confirmed at first in E-commerce and the OCSP Responder can offer CSI to the client using OCSP. With the rapid development of the E-commerce based on the Internet, a lot of clients request CSI to OCSP Responder. So, the load to OCSP Responder is increased and the OCSP Responder may be overloaded. Therefore, for distributing the load to an OCSP Responder, D-OCSP is introduced. As the CRL has a lot of information about revoked certificates and have a high exposure Possibility of information in the process of distribution, the confidentiality as well as integrity are required in the process of distribution. So, we propose a CRL distributing method based on group key agreement in D-OCSP. The proposed method can distribute effectively a published CRL to OCSP Responders with confidentiality as well as integrity and offer concurrency that each OCSP Responder can start CSI servicing of new CRL to clients at the same time.