• Title/Summary/Keyword: Distributed Energy

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Restoration of Distribution System with Distributed Energy Resources using Level-based Candidate Search

  • Kim, Dong-Eok;Cho, Namhun
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.637-647
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    • 2018
  • In this paper, we propose a method to search candidates of network reconfiguration to restore distribution system with distributed energy resources using a level-based tree search algorithm. First, we introduce a method of expressing distribution network with distributed energy resources for fault restoration, and to represent the distribution network into a simplified graph. Second, we explain the tree search algorithm, and introduce a method of performing the tree search on the basis of search levels, which we call a level-based tree search in this paper. Then, we propose a candidate search method for fault restoration, and explain it using an example. Finally, we verify the proposed method using computer simulations.

Simultaneous Planning of Renewable/ Non-Renewable Distributed Generation Units and Energy Storage Systems in Distribution Networks

  • Jannati, Jamil;Yazdaninejadi, Amin;Talavat, Vahid
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2017
  • The increased diversity of different types of energy sources requires moving towards smart distribution networks. This paper proposes a probabilistic DG (distributed generation) units planning model to determine technology type, capacity and location of DG units while simultaneously allocating ESS (energy storage systems) based on pre-determined capacities. This problem is studied in a wind integrated power system considering loads, prices and wind power generation uncertainties. A suitable method for DG unit planning will reduce costs and improve reliability concerns. Objective function is a cost function that minimizes DG investment and operational cost, purchased energy costs from upstream networks, the defined cost to reliability index, energy losses and the investment and degradation costs of ESS. Electrical load is a time variable and the model simulates a typical radial network successfully. The proposed model was solved using the DICOPT solver under GAMS optimization software.

A Study on Simulation of Dynamic Characteristics in Prototype Microgrid (Prototype Microgrid의 동특성 모의에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Eun-Sik;Choi, Heung-Kwan;Jeon, Jin-Hong;Ahn, Jong-Bo
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.59 no.12
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    • pp.2157-2164
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    • 2010
  • Microgrid is generally defined as cluster of small distributed generators, energy storages and loads. Through monitoring and coordinated control, microgrid can provide various benefits such as reduction of energy cost, peak shaving and power quality improvement. In design stage of microgrid, system dynamic simulation is necessary for optimizing of sizing and siting of DER(distributed energy resources). As number of the system components increases, simulation time will be longer. This problem can restrict optimal design. So we used simplified modeling on energy sources and average switching model on power converters to reduce simulation time. The effectiveness of this method is verified by applying to prototype microgrid system, which is consist of photovoltaic, wind power, diesel engine generators, battery energy storage system and loads installed in laboratory. Simulation by Matlab/Simulink and measurements on prototype microgrid show that the proposed method can reduce simulation time not sacrificing dynamic characteristics.

An Optimal Installation Strategy for Allocating Energy Storage Systems and Probabilistic-Based Distributed Generation in Active Distribution Networks

  • Sattarpour, Tohid;Tousi, Behrouz
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.350-358
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    • 2017
  • Recently, owing to increased interest in low-carbon energy supplies, renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind turbines in distribution networks have received considerable attention for generating clean and unlimited energy. The presence of energy storage systems (ESSs) in the promising field of active distribution networks (ADNs) would have direct impact on power system problems such as encountered in probabilistic distributed generation (DG) model studies. Hence, the optimal procedure is offered herein, in which the simultaneous placement of an ESS, photovoltaic-based DG, and wind turbine-based DG in an ADN is taken into account. The main goal of this paper is to maximize the net present value of the loss reduction benefit by considering the price of electricity for each load state. The proposed framework consists of a scenario tree method for covering the existing uncertainties in the distribution network's load demand as well as DG. The collected results verify the considerable effect of concurrent installation of probabilistic DG models and an ESS in defining the optimum site of DG and the ESS and they demonstrate that the optimum operation of an ESS in the ADN is consequently related to the highest value of the loss reduction benefit in long-term planning as well. The results obtained are encouraging.

Design and Implementation of FEP for Interfacing of Distributed Power Generation (분산전원 연계용 데이터처리장치(FEP)의 설계 및 구현)

  • Lee, Sung-Woo;Ha, Bok-Nam;Seo, In-Yong
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.147-155
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    • 2009
  • Demand for distributed source by new and renewable energy has been gradually increasing recently. For the characteristics of distributed generation, distributed source is located near the distribution system and customers' buildings and can be operated in standalone mode or in interface mode with distribution system. When the distributed sources are interfaced with distribution system, the standard for interfacing distributed source with existing distribution system and operation manual should be updated with revisions in order to manage the distributed source effectively and operate the distribution system stably because how to operate the interfaced system is different from that of existing distribution system. In this paper, the FEP(Front End Processor) using the international standard protocol IEC-60870 for interfacing with distributed resources was designed. The designed system was verified via the test result using main control system for distributed generation and RTU(Remote Terminal Unit) for interface with distributed power generating.

Making Utility-Integrated Energy Storage a Used, Useful and Universal Resource

  • Doosan GridTech
    • KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2018
  • Objective signs are everywhere that the stationary energy storage market is growing up quickly. The use of distributed resources such as solar photovoltaics and electric vehicles are expanding at a rapid pace, creating technical challenges for the distribution system that will require energy storage and a new generation of software to address. This paper is intended for distribution utility managers and executives and makes the following points: ${\bullet}$ Utility-integrated (as opposed to merely grid-connected) energy storage projects represent a distinct, new wave of industry growth that is just getting underway and is required to manage distributed energy resources moving forward. ${\bullet}$ Utilities and the energy storage industry have important roles to lower risk in adopting this technology - thereby enabling this wave of growth. ${\circ}$ The industry must focus on engineering energy storage for adoption at scale - including the creation and support of software open standards -both to drive down costs and to limit technology and supplier risk for utilities. ${\circ}$ Utilities need to take a program-based, rather than a project- based, approach to this resource to best balance cost and risk as they procure and implement energy storage. By working together to drive down costs and manage risk, utilities and their suppliers can lay the energy storage foundation for a new, more digital distributed electricity system.

Distributed Monitoring Technology using Fiber-Optic Embedded Sensor (광섬유 임베디드 센서 기반 분포 모니터링 기술)

  • Kim, Youngwoong;Kim, Jong-Yeol;Ryu, Gukbeen;Hwang, Young-Gwan;Kim, Hyun-Gil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2022.10a
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    • pp.617-619
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    • 2022
  • An embedded fiber-optic sensor was manufactured using 3D printing technology for distributed structural monitoring. Strain distribution of the embedded sensor was measured by the optical frequency domain reflectometry, and real-time data visualization for the embedded sensor model was demonstrated.

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Energy Efficient Sequential Sensing in Multi-User Cognitive Ad Hoc Networks: A Consideration of an ADC Device

  • Gan, Xiaoying;Xu, Miao;Li, He
    • Journal of Communications and Networks
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.188-194
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    • 2012
  • Cognitive networks (CNs) are capable of enabling dynamic spectrum allocation, and thus constitute a promising technology for future wireless communication. Whereas, the implementation of CN will lead to the requirement of an increased energy-arrival rate, which is a significant parameter in energy harvesting design of a cognitive user (CU) device. A well-designed spectrum-sensing scheme will lower the energy-arrival rate that is required and enable CNs to self-sustain, which will also help alleviate global warming. In this paper, spectrum sensing in a multi-user cognitive ad hoc network with a wide-band spectrum is considered. Based on the prospective spectrum sensing, we classify CN operation into two modes: Distributed and centralized. In a distributed network, each CU conducts spectrum sensing for its own data transmission, while in a centralized network, there is only one cognitive cluster header which performs spectrum sensing and broadcasts its sensing results to other CUs. Thus, a wide-band spectrum that is divided into multiple sub-channels can be sensed simultaneously in a distributed manner or sequentially in a centralized manner. We consider the energy consumption for spectrum sensing only of an analog-to-digital convertor (ADC). By formulating energy consumption for spectrum sensing in terms of the sub-channel sampling rate and whole-band sensing time, the sampling rate and whole-band sensing time that are optimal for minimizing the total energy consumption within sensing reliability constraints are obtained. A power dissipation model of an ADC, which plays an important role in formulating the energy efficiency problem, is presented. Using AD9051 as an ADC example, our numerical results show that the optimal sensing parameters will achieve a reduction in the energy-arrival rate of up to 97.7% and 50% in a distributed and a centralized network, respectively, when comparing the optimal and worst-case energy consumption for given system settings.

Development of Distributed Micro Gas Turbine(MGT) Technology by using Swine BID-ENERGY (축산폐기물 BIO-ENERGY를 이용한 분산형 마이크로 가스터빈 발전기술 개발)

  • Hur Kwang-beom;Park Jung-Keuk;Lee Jung-bin;Rhim Sang-gyu
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.463-466
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    • 2005
  • As the distributed generation becomes more reliable and economically feasible, it is expected that a higher application of the distributed generation units would be interconnected to the existing grids. This new generation technology is linked to a large number of factors like economics and performance, safety and reliability, market regulations, environmental issues, or grid connection constrains. KEPOD (Korea Electric Power Corporation) is performing the project to develope the Distributed Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) technologies by using Swine BID-ENERGY. This paper describes the plans and strategies for the renewable energy of MGT on actual grid-connection under Korean situations. KEPOD also, has a research plan on bio-gas pretreatment system applicable to our domestic swine renewable resources and is performing concept design of pilot plant to test grid operation. In addition, this testing will be conducted in order to respond to a wide variety of needs for application and economic evaluation in the field of On-site generation.

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Optimized Design and Coordinated Control for Stand-alone DC Micro-grid (독립형 DC 마이크로그리드의 최적화 설계와 협조적 제어)

  • Han, Tae-Hee;Lee, Ji-Heon;Kim, Hyun-Jun;Han, Byung-Moon
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2013
  • This paper describes the coordinated droop control method for stand-alone type DC micro-grid to improve reliability and utilization of distributed generations and energy storage. The stand-alone type DC micro-grid consists of several distributed generations such as a wind power generation, solar power and micro-turbine, and energy storage. The proposed method which is based on autonomous control method shows high reliability and stability through coordinated droop control of distributed generations and energy storage and also capability of battery management. The operation of stand-alone type DC micro-grid was analyzed using detail simulation model with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on simulation results, a hardware simulator was built and tested with commercially available components and performance of system was verified.