• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.175-184
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• 2016

The purpose of the study focuses on increasing dangers of using smartphones while driving recently, and then is to come up with measures to reduce traffic accidents caused by using devices like a smartphone. This study conducted a survey of drivers using their smartphones while driving to understand risks caused by using a smartphones while operating vehicles. Results showed that a lot of activities may lead to distracted driving, such as texting, making phone calls, using GPS or road maps, game, etc. In this paper, we presented that functions of smartphone should be controlled partially while driving for safe driving performance. These results suggest that using IoT-based smart devices like a beacon and a smartphone application implemented, tentatively called "Safe driving solution", while driving can reduce traffic accidents. Thus, in order to effectively prevent dangerous driving due to the use of smartphones, a "Safe driving solution" which restricts all functions except for calls and driver assistance functions is suggested.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.793-803
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• 2015

We propose a novel HMI UI/UX for an in-vehicle infotainment system. Our proposed HMI UI comprises multimodal interfaces that allow a driver to safely and intuitively manipulate an infotainment system while driving. Our analysis of a touchscreen interface-based HMI UI/UX reveals that a driver's use of such an interface while driving can cause the driver to be seriously distracted. Our proposed HMI UI/UX is a novel manipulation mechanism for a vehicle infotainment service. It consists of several interfaces that incorporate a variety of modalities, such as speech recognition, a manipulating device, and hand gesture recognition. In addition, we provide an HMI UI framework designed to be manipulated using a simple method based on four directions and one selection motion. Extensive quantitative and qualitative in-vehicle experiments demonstrate that the proposed HMI UI/UX is an efficient mechanism through which to manipulate an infotainment system while driving.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2020

Approximately 1.3 million people die from traffic accidents each year, and smartphone usage while driving is one of the main causes of such accidents. Therefore, detection of smartphone usage by drivers has become an important part of distracted driving detection. Previous studies have used single camera-based methods to collect the driver images. However, smartphone usage detection by employing a single camera can be unsuccessful if the driver occludes the phone. In this paper, we present a driver smartphone usage detection system that uses multiple cameras to collect driver images from different perspectives, and then processes these images with ensemble convolutional neural networks. The ensemble method comprises three individual convolutional neural networks with a simple voting system. Each network provides a distinct image perspective and the voting mechanism selects the final classification. Experimental results verified that the proposed method avoided the limitations observed in single camera-based methods, and achieved 98.96% accuracy on our dataset.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.62-69
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• 2013

Visual demands associated with in-vehicle display usage and text messaging distract a driver's visual attention from the roadway. To minimize eyes-off-the-road demands, voice interaction systems are widely introduced. Under cognitively distracted condition, however, awareness of the operating environment will be degraded although the driver remains oriented to the roadway. It is also know that the risk of inattentive driving varies with age, thus systematic analysis of driving risks is required for the older drivers. This paper aims to understand the age-related driving performance degradation and visual attention changes under auditory cognitive demand which consists of three graded levels of cognitive complexity. In this study, two groups, aged 25-35 and 60-69, engaged in a delayed auditory recall task, so called N-back task, while driving a simulated highway. Comparisons of younger and older drivers' driving performance including mean speed, speed variability and standard deviation of lane position, and gaze dispersion changes, which consist of x-axis and y-axis of visual attention, were conducted. As a result, it was observed that gaze dispersion decreased with each level of demand, demonstrating that these indices can correctly rank order cognitive workload. Moreover, gaze dispersion change patterns were quite consistent in younger and older age groups. Effects were also observed on driving performance measures, but they were subtle, nonlinear, and did not effectively differentiate the levels of cognitive workload.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.23-45
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• 2012

From 1990s the Ministry of Education and KERIS have developed nationwide academic resource sharing and service system based on universities, and have contributed to bridge the gap of information and to facilitate resource sharing between universities. Meanwhile, in Japan which starts 15 years earlier than us, the Ministry of Education and NII built nationwide academic resource sharing and service system with starting on the project of university holding resource sharing and until now have shown similar aspect of development like us. But lately, since information environment has been changing rapidly, Japan try to find new paradigm which goes around electronic resources management substitute for physical resources and open access based academic communication, institutional repository which disseminate university's research output to the outside world. This study compare academic resource sharing and service system between Japan and Korea and try to suggest for Korean academic resource sharing and service system development. In Korea, firstly we should try to replacing published resources management system to electronic resources', secondly, reorganizing oversea's resource sharing and service system, thirdly, reactivating institutional repository toward open access, finally, unification of distracted driving force.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Take-over requests in semi-autonomous cars must be handled properly in the case of road obstacles or curved roads in order to avoid accidents. In these situations, situation awareness and appropriate decision making are essential for distracted drivers. This study used a driving simulator to investigate the components of auditory-visual information systems that affect safety, workload, and trust. Auditory information consisted of either voice guidance providing situation awareness for the take-over or a beep sound that only alerted the driver. Visual information consisted of either a screen showing how to maneuver the vehicle or only an icon indicating a take-over situation. By providing auditory information that increased situation awareness and visual information that aided decision making, trust and safety increased, while workload decreased. These results suggest that the levels of situation awareness and decision making ability affect trust, safety, and workload for drivers.