• School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2002

In this paper, tangram-like puzzles which are made by dissecting square are introduced. Especially, tangram-like puzzles which are consists of five pieces, six pieces, seven pieces, eight pieces, nine pieces, ten pieces, twelve pieces, fourteen pieces are introduced. But, This Introduction is very superficial. It means introduction is focused on each piece's geometrical shape, relative area when each tangram-like puzzles' area is one. With this introduction, six tangram-like puzzles' implication in mathematics education are suggested as followings. (1) Tangram-like puzzles may help fostering spatial senses. (2) Tangram-like puzzles may help teaching polygons, and its properties, congruences, similarities, etc. (3)Tangram-like puzzles may help teaching additions of fractions. (4) Tangram-like puzzles may help fostering mathematical thinking. (5) Tangram-like puzzles may serve as topics for supplement or reinforcement in teaching and learning tangram. (6) Tangram-like puzzles may serve as topics for problem posing in teaching and learning tangram.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2008

Targeting protein kinases has been active area in drug discovery. The c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNKs) have also been target for development of novel therapy in various diseases, since the roles of JNK signaling in pathological conditions were revealed in studies using jnk-deficient mice. Small molecule inhibitors and peptide inhibitors are identified for therapeutic intervention of JNK signaling pathway. SP-600125, an anthrapyrazole small molecule inhibitor for JNK with high potency and selectivity has been widely used for dissecting JNK signaling pathway. CC-401 is the first JNK inhibitor that went into clinical trial for inflammation and leukemia. Inhibitor for mixed lineage kinase (MLK), CEP-1347 also negatively regulates JNK signaling, and tried for potential use in Parkinson's disease. Cell-permeable peptide inhibitor D-JNKI-1 is being developed for the treatment of hearing loss. The current status of these JNK inhibitors and safety issue is discussed in the minireview.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2020

Gastrectomy with lymph node dissection remains the gold standard for curative treatment of gastric cancer. Dissection of splenic hilar lymph nodes has been included as a part of D2 lymph node dissection for proximal gastric cancer. Previously, pancreatico-splenectomy has been performed for dissecting splenic hilar lymph nodes, followed by pancreas-preserving splenectomy and spleen-preserving lymphadenectomy. However, the necessity of routine splenectomy or splenic hilar lymph node dissection has been under debate due to the increased morbidity caused by splenectomy and the poor prognostic feature of splenic hilar lymph node metastasis. In contrast, the relatively high incidence of splenic hilar lymph node metastasis, survival advantage, and therapeutic value of splenic hilar lymph node dissection in some patient subgroups, as well as the effective use of novel technologies, still supports the necessity and applicability of splenic hilar lymph node dissection. In this review, we aimed to evaluate the need for splenic hilar lymph node dissection and suggest the subgroup of patients with favorable outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.50-53
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• 2013

Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to solitary spinal aneurysm is extremely rare. A 45-year-old female patient visited the emergency department with severe headache and back pain. Imaging studies showed cerebral SAH in parietal lobe and spinal SAH in thoracolumbar level. Spinal angiography revealed a small pearl and string-like aneurysm of the Adamkiewicz artery at the T12 level. One month after onset, her back pain aggravated, and follow-up imaging study showed arachnoiditis. Two months after onset, her symptoms improved, and follow-up imaging study showed resolution of SAH. The present case of spinal SAH due to rupture of dissecting aneurysm of the Adamkiewicz artery underwent subsequent spontaneous resolution, indicating that the wait-and-see strategy may provide adequate treatment option.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.121-124
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• 2015

Now, it has been being accepted that reverse signaling through CD137 ligand (CD137L) plays an important role in vivo during hematopoiesis and in immune regulation. However, due to technical difficulty in dissecting both directional signaling events simultaneously in vivo, most biological activities caused by CD137-CD137L interactions are considered as results from signaling events of the CD137 receptor. To make the story more complex, $CD137^{-/-}$ and $CD137L^{-/-}$ mice have increased or decreased immune responses in a context-dependent manner. In this Mini review, I will try to provide a plausible explanation for how CD137L signaling is controlled during immune responses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1144-1149
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• 1995

Adenocarcinoma involving esophago-gastric junction[EGJ is usually originated from the gastric cardia and it presents unique clinical manifestations, requires special surgical care, and bears a much poor prognosis. We analyse the clinical data of 109 adenocarcinoma involving EGJ operated between August, 1987 and March, 1994. Curative resection of primary tumor including esophagus and lymph node dissection was possible on 102 cases[93.5% . Among these cases, 89 cases were advanced state over the stage III. The operative mortality was 1.8% and postoperative morbidity was 16.5%. The overall 3 year and 5 year survival rate was 48.5%, 34.1% each, and median survival was 27.5 month in the curative resected cases. The treatment failure was mainly distant metastsis including lymph node, except one local recurrence.Among many factors influencing long term results of resected adenocarcinoma involving EGJ, the only effort a surgeon can make is to attain completeness of tumor removal by dissecting all involved lymph node and ensuring adequate tumor free margins of both esophageal and cardiac side.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1036-1041
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• 1994

Emergency operation was performed in a patient with severe aortic insufficiency caused by type A acute aortic dissection with aberrant high take-off origin of single coronary artery. The single coronary artery was found to arise from an unusual position high in the ascending aorta. Dissection was begun in the aortic root and involved the single coronary ostium. Valve competance was restored by resuspension of the commissures. the false lumen was obliterated with strips of Teflon felt and surgical glue. The aortic tissues were firmly reinforced and sutured. The proximal aortic stump was anatomically reconstructed, and fortunately the aortic valve was preserved and coronary reimplantation avoided. The patient was discharged at postoperative 13 days without specific complications. Postoperative course during the 18 months follow-up was uneventful.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 1999

The purpose of this experiment was to examine the antimicrobial effect of the natural flavonoid hesperidin on dental caries and alveolar bone resorption in the albinorats. Twenty five day old male rats were fed with the experimental diets for 42 days. At the end of the 42 day experimental period, the molar tooth occlusal surface was examined by a dissecting microscope. The sulcular caries lesions were recorded: the first molar caries incidence was higher than that of the second molar and the third molar. Alvelolar bone resorption was measured on the buccal and lingual aspects of each molars. Three measurements were taken on the first molar (mesialpoint, midpoint, distalpoint). The results of this experiments, showed that hesperidin is effective in reducing dental caries and alveolar bone resorption.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.500-505
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• 1986

Eight patients received operation for ascending aortic aneurysm and aortic regurgitation associated with Marfan`s syndrome from January 1984 to July 1986 at Seoul National University Hospital. The patients` age ranged from 29 to 51 years [mean 37.3 years]. Five patients were male and three were female. All of them showed some stigmata of skeletal system in Marfan`s syndrome. Three patients had dissecting aneurysm and five patients had fusiform aneurysm of ascending aorta. Two patients had concomitant fusiform aneurysm of abdominal aorta. All patients showed aortic regurgitation of grade III to IV. One patient received insertion of intraluminal ringed graft and resuspension of aortic valve, and seven patients received modified Bentall operation [Carol`s method]. There was no hospital death and all showed functional improvement in the 7.4 patient-years follow-up period.

• IE interfaces
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.184-192
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• 2005

In recent research there has been intense interest in understanding how real option valuation (ROV) approaches might usefully complement conventional discounted cash flow (DCF) techniques. However, investment decision makers in a real world have been worried about adopting the ROV approaches mainly because of difficulty in technically understanding the theory of the ROV approaches as indicated by many researchers. With this difficulty in mind, we propose the opportunity cost model as another discrete-time model to value a deferral option. The main advantage of observing a real options value in terms of the opportunity cost concept is to provide a technique for practitioners to estimate a wide range of real options values without sticking to a financial option modelling. The fundamental ground for developing the opportunity cost model proposed in this paper lies in the work of dissecting the structure of the real options value into three categories: capital gain, expected opportunity loss, and expected opportunity gain. At the end of the paper, we will present a short illustrative example to demonstrate the applicability of the model.