• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2015

In this study, laboratory test equipment was designed and installed to evaluate the thermal behavior of bentonite, which is used as a buffer in high-level waste disposal systems. The thermal analysis was conducted to verify the test results using ABAQUS, a finite element analysis code. In view of the seasonal changes seen during the test, the thermal behavior of bentonite with a temperature of outside air was evaluated. Of the cases examined, the results of the analysis model using stainless steel (Case 3) approximates to the test results, showing an error of about 1℃. The results of the thermal analysis into seasonal temperature distributions are consistent with trends seen in lab-test results. These analyses show that the effects of the thermal conductivity of the material surrounding the buffer and outside air temperature, are very important factors in the thermal behavior of bentonite. In the future, it is expected that a moisture saturation test of a bentonite buffer containing a heat source will be carried out. Therefore, the development of a numerical analysis model is required for the prediction and verification of the laboratory test results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.114-120
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• 2008

XLPE cable is using insulator for Cross Linked Polyethylene(XLPE), because insulation Performance is superior and easy comparatively. Need systematization of accident transaction for electrical equipment accident, It is no disposal standard for defect of manufacture and second to accidents. in this paper deals with the change of XLPE cable insulation. To understand the electrical properties of XLPE insulation. Made of XLPE block sample, Penetration fracture Sample and flashover sample. Ogura needles having tip radius of $10[{\mu}m]$ were inserted into each sample. AC voltage of 1[kV/sec] increased at 60[Hz] were apple to breakdown sample and flashover sample. AC voltages of 12[kV], 17[kV] at 60[Hz] were a lied to XLPE block sample. The electrical properties of specimens were measured were measured from initiation of tree and breakdown to their characteristics were analyzed.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.251-260
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• 2020

A growing interest has emerged in recycling used automobile batteries into energy storage systems (ESSs) to prevent their harmful effects to the environment from improper disposal and to recycle such resources. To transform used batteries into ESSs, composing battery modules with similar performance by grading them is crucial. Imbalance among battery modules degrades the performance of an entire system. Thus, the selection of modules with similar performance and remaining life is the first prerequisite in the reuse of used batteries. In this study, we develop an instrument to measure the impedance spectrum of a battery module to predict the useful remaining life of the used battery. The developed hardware and software are used to apply the AC perturbation to the used battery module and measure its impedance spectrum. The developed instrument can measure the impedance spectrum of the battery module from 0.1 Hz to 1 kHz and calculate the equivalent circuit parameters through curve fitting. The performance of the developed instrument is verified by comparing the measured impedance spectra with those obtained by a commercial equipment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.330-341
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• 2015

Objectives: Emergency medical personnel (EMPs) are pre-hospital emergency responders who are at risk of exposure to infections and may also serve as a source for the transmission of infections. However, few studies of infection control have specifically addressed EMPs in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea). The goal of this study was to assess the current status of infection prevention and control programs (IPCPs) for EMPs in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to quantitatively assess the resources and activities of IPCPs. A total of 907 EMPs in five metropolitan cities completed a structured questionnaire from September 2014 to January 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multi-response analysis, and the chi-square test. Results: The mean age of the participants was $34.8{\pm}15.1years$. IPCPs were found to have weaknesses with regard to the following resources: the assignment of infection control personnel (ICP) (79.5%), hand hygiene resources such as waterless antiseptics (79.3%), the use of paper towels (38.9%), personal protective equipment such as face shields (46.9%), and safety containers for sharps and a separated space for the disposal of infectious waste (10.1%). Likewise, the following activities were found to be inadequately incorporated into the workflow of EMPs: education about infection control (77.5%), post-exposure management (35.9%), and the decontamination of items and spaces after use (88.4%). ICP were found to have a significant effect on the resources and activities of IPCPs (p<0.001). The resources and activities of IPCPs were found to be significantly different among the five cities (p<0.001). Conclusions: IPCPs for EMPs showed some limitations in their resources and activities. IPCPs should be actively supported, and specific IPCP activities for EMPs should be developed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.291-301
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• 2017

Objectives: In order to improve the working environment and solve the complaints, many efforts have been made to remove the odor from the industrial process. There are many disposal methods to remove odor, but there are many disadvantages and inadequate applications. The Purpose of this study was to develop a bag-filer system for odor removal using powder adsorbent. Methods: The bag-filter system is composed of a shear bag filter, an absorbent spraying system and an absorbent circulation system. The spraying absorbent system was connected with the inlet duct of the shear bag filter for inputting adsorbent. And the absorbent circulation system can transport the collecting adsorbent from hoper to the inlet duct of the system. As a result, the adsorbent can remove odor with recycling in the system. Also affective factors like the powdered absorbent combination and injection method was researched for maximization of system efficiency. The study was conducted in two stages. The first step was testing equipment made and the second is to evaluate the efficiency of the odor control by connecting to the actual odor generation process. Results: Both experiment stages showed efficient odor control ability. The adsorption efficiency of the system is demonstrated and the odor was adsorbed well by the powder adsorbent. It is essential to accurately understand the characteristics of the odorous and use the appropriate adsorbent. Although the powder adsorbent was used in the experiment, the problem of scattering did not occur due to the high degree of system sealing. Also the system manufactured in this study was designed to recycle the adsorbent, so adsorbent reuse or batch processing is convenient. Conclusions: The applicability of the system has been proven through this research. Customized systems for industrial process and the appropriate adsorbent base on the characteristics of pollutant generation will show efficient odor collection ability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.317-323
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• 2020

This research is based on product development that improves user experience such as design and function by analyzing the usage behavior of elements experienced by generation Z as customers and users in the process leading to disposal of earphones even before purchase. The behavior of earphones in Generation Z was analyzed through in-depth interview and surveys of the customer experience and user experience of earphones. The results of the study were common or characteristic. They are user experience based on brand dependency, sharing experiences and seeking simplified design and convenience, which is related with the lifestyle of the generation Z. This study is expected to be a fundamental study of product research and marketing strategies that will take advantage of the characteristics of Generation Z, who will be the main player of the market in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2016

This The purpose of this study is to evaluate user satisfaction with village bathhouses, selected from a two-year pilot project of common facilities for senior in rural areas from 2014 to 2015. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire to evaluate user satisfaction, and 135 questionnaires were collected from 18 common meal facilities. User satisfaction was evaluated in five categories with a five-point scale: location and spatial composition; emotions and intimacy; safety; nutrition; and maintenance and management. The results are as follows. First, when overall user satisfaction was evaluated on a five-point scale, the average score stood at 4.24 out of five points and 90.03 out of 100 points. These findings suggest that users were generally satisfied with the common meal facilities. Among five categories, scores except safety stood at four points or higher, indicating higher user satisfaction. Second, communal meal in rural areas have been carried out already but the environment for communal meal like cooking equipment, wastewater disposal, and space have been poor. However, the environment is improved through this pilot project, which has a positive effect to user satisfaction. Third, space planning for barrier-free or sanitary in storage of food containers are not adequate, which is necessary to detailed planning and concrete guideline.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

Usage of the inorganic floor finishing material can be advantageous to overcome some problems of traditional organic-based floor finishing material used for hazardous material storage facilities. A spark can be produced by physical impact between the flooring and the flooring disposal equipment while removing the existing flooring. In order to prevent a fire hazard, which may be caused the spark, it is feasible that a construction can be implemented without removing the existing flooring. Moreover, the top coating material containing an antistatic agent is effective to prevent secondary damage caused by static electricity after finishing the construction of the flooring. Therefore, the inorganic floor finishing material of the this study is expected to be beneficial for safety management and economical aspect for inspectors.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.63-72
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• 2012

The product lifecycle of a marine vessel can be classified into the design-production, operation-maintenance, and disposal phases. During the operation and maintenance phase, status data should be gathered from the major machinery and instruments installed on the marine vessel in order to perform efficient maintenance work. Although a PLM (product lifecycle management) system can manage the product information during the design and assembly stage, a PLM based on asset management technology is more appropriate for product information management during the operation stage. Product embedded information devices (PEIDs) are suggested for gathering real-time maintenance information during the operation and maintenance lifecycle. A PEID allows PLM to provide the capability of offering active information exchange between the lifecycle management system and equipment. This study designed a PEID to effectively obtain information and interact with a PLM system. It consists of sensors, wireless communication, and a micro-processor, which allow it to accumulate status data on the PLM system. The embedded information device and PLM enable the seamless information flow, tracking, and updating of MRO (maintenance repair and overhaul) information for a product throughout the middle of the product lifecycle.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2016

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors related to needle stick injuries (NSIs) and to assess related safety measures among a sample of Iranian nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of 168 registered active nurses was selected from different wards of one of the hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). Data were collected by an anonymous questionnaire and a checklist based observational method among the 168 registered active nurses. Results: The prevalence of NSIs in the total of work experience and the last year was 76% and 54%, respectively. Hollow-bore needles were the most common devices involved in the injuries (85.5%). The majority of NSIs occurred in the morning shift (57.8%) and the most common activity leading to NSIs was recapping needles (41.4%). The rate of underreporting NSIs was 60.2% and the major reasons for not reporting the NSIs were heavy clinical schedule (46.7%) and perception of low risk of infection (37.7%). A statistically significant relationship was found between the occurrence of NSIs and sex, hours worked/week, and frequency of shifts/month. Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of NSIs among nurses. Supportive measures such as improving injection practices, modification of working schedule, planning training programs targeted at using personal protective equipment, and providing an adequate number of safety facilities such as puncture resistant disposal containers and engineered safe devices are essential for the effective prevention of NSI incidents among the studied nurses.