• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

Polyester ultrarmcrofiber(UMF, fiber fineness : 0.05d) and the other three kinds of polyester fibers(0.52, 1.04 and 2.08d) were dyed with two disperse dyes, C.1. Disperse Red 60 and Blue 56. Dyeing rates and absorption isotherms of these dyes have been measured at 100, 115 and $130^\circ{C}$ in water system. The dye bath was maintained at pH 5.0 with acetic acid(0.1mo1/1) /sodium acetate(0.1mo1/1) buffers and a liquor ratio of 1000：1. The absorption isotherms from two disperse dyes are nearly linear up to the saturation values, which increase with the temperature of dyeing. Dye uptake decreased with the fiber fineness in lower temperature $100^\circ{C})$, whereas increased in higher temperature$(130^\circ{C})$. A comparatively greater quantity of dye is necessary to dye ultrarmcrofiber fabrics than conventional fabrics. Disperse Blue 56 having a good build-up property is agreed to Fothergill's equation, which is inversely varied with the fiber fineness by the quantity of dye necessary to obtain a given shade.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.863-867
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• 2013

A series of azo disperse dyes having dicyanovinyl groups was synthesized by the Knoevenagel condensation with malononitrile from carbonyl substituted phenylazo disperse dyes which were prepared by conventional diazo coupling reaction of aniline derivatives as diazo components. A variety of coupling components such as anilines, an indole and a pyridone were used. The azo disperse dyes were evaluated for their spectral properties and dyeing assessment on the polyester fabrics. The azo disperse dyes containing dicyanovinyl groups showed bathochromic shifts and darker colors due to increased electron withdrawing strength in their azo components and extended conjugation by dicyanovinyl groups than their parent carbonyl substituted azo dyes. The dyes containing 2-acetylamino-5-methoxy substituent in the coupling component exhibited higher wavelength of maximum absorbance (${\lambda}_{max}$) and significant negative solvatochromism than those of other dyes due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.6 s.85
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Disperse dyes derived from heterocyclic compounds such as phenylindole, pyridone, diaminopyridine, and carbazole have been known to exhibit high light fastness and bathochromic shift compared to the coursponding aminoazobenzene. The synthetic method to obtain diaminopyridine derivatives, which can be used as coupling components, was chlorination of pyridone with phosphorous oxychloride, followed by substitution with various primary amines. Four azo disperse dyes were synthesized by coupling four diaminopyridines with 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline as a diazo component. Structures of these dyes were confirmed by $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy. The wavelengths of maximum absorption of the synthesized disperse dyes were in the range of $517\~528nm$, and molar extinction coefficients were $45,700\~50,100$. The dyeability of four disperse dyes toward PET fiber was generally good. Wash and rubbing fastnesses were excellent, while light and dry heat fastness were good.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.67-78
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• 1993

In one bath dyeing system of silk/PET fiber blend fabric with acid/disperse dyes, adsorption behavior of disperse dyes and acid dyes on silk and PET fabrics were examined. In the dyeing of PET with C.I.Disperse Red 19(Red 19) and C.I.Disperse Red 60(Red 60) at 10$0^{\circ}C$(carrier dyeing) and 13$0^{\circ}C$, dye uptake with Red 60 was higher than that with Red 19. When the silk/PET dyed with Red 19 and Red 60 at 10$0^{\circ}C$(carrier dyeing) and 13$0^{\circ}C$, dye uptake on PET was influenced by affinity of the dye to the silk fabric dyed together. When the silk/PET dyed with Blue 80/Red 19 and Blue 80/Red 60 at 10$0^{\circ}C$(carrier dyeing) and 13$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes, color of PET dyed with Red 19 and Red 60 was little influenced by Blue 80 but silk dyed with Blue 80 was influenced. Interrelation of K/S value and Munsell value was scarcely any but showed the change tendency of K/S value.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.53-65
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• 2002

Morphology of polyester fiber was physically modified by solvent treatment. PET fiber was treated with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 100, 120, $140^{circ}C$ for 10 minutes without tension. The structural changes in the morphology of DMF-induced modified PET fiber were FTIR and SEM analysis. Also dyeing behavior of DMF-treated polyester fibers with various disperse dyes was studied to detect changes of amorphous area in fine structure. DMF treatment resulted in increases in total void content, degree of crystallinity, trans isomer content, chain folding, segmental mobility and molecular packing, but it resulted in decreases in amorphous orientation, intermolecular forces and individual void size through longitudinal shrinkage, lateral welling and removal of oligomers. Void-size distribution could be estimated from the dye uptake with various sizes of disperse dyes. In contrast to the large increases in dye uptake with small dye molecules, there is no and little dye uptake with the bulkiest dye, which means that void size is bigger or smaller than the volume of each dye. Diffusion rates of dye molecules showed increases. This dyeing study revealed that the disperse dyeing is very effective method for characterizing the internal morphology of polyester fiber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 1979

In order to obtain tasic information for solvent dyeing, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films was pretreated with water, tetrachloroethylene (TCE) and water/TCE emulsion for three hours at $140^{\circ}C$ for stabilizing the substrate. By film roll cyliderical method, Disperse Red 60, Disperse Yellow 42, and Disperse Blue 27 were diffused in the films and examined dyeing properties. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Diffusion coefficient increases in the order, waterTCE>water/TCE 2) A linear relationship between diffusion coefficient and shrinkage was Observed 3) The temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient can't be expressed by WLF equation.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.85-90
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• 2002

Five temporarily solubilized reactive disperse dyes were synthesized and characterized. They were applied to polyester/cotton blend fabric using one-bath dyeing method without dispersing agent. The dye that has azonaphthalene chro-mophore seemed to not only be exhausted on polyester but also react with cotton. But other dyes were selectively dyed on polyester and showed limited uptake on cotton. Good levelling as well as moderate to good colour fastness was obtained with the dyes on P/C blend fabric.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.36-43
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• 2007

Dyeing and fastness properties of a dyeable PP fiber were examined with four different types of disperse dyes. It was found that the dyed PP fiber could be cleared by soaping without using sodium hydrosulphite, and that the heat setting above $140^{\circ}C$ resulted in the melting of the PP fiber. The rates of dyeing and the extents of exhaustion of three primary E type dyes were different with each other, the apparent color strength did not increase with increasing dye concentration, and color fastness to washing was not satisfactory. In the cases of both high wash fastness and high light fastness dyes, the rates of dyeing were slow and the extents of exhaustion were very low. On the other hand, the dyeing rates of three primary S type dyes were similar and the build-up properties were good with good color fastnesses. It might be concluded that the best disperse dyes for the dyeable PP fiber were S type dyes.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 1994

In one bath dyeing system of silk/cellulose acetate fiber blend fabric with acid /disperse dyes, adsorption behavior of acid dyes and disperse dyes on silk and cellulose acetate fabrics were examined. In the dyeing of cellulose acetate with C. I. Disperse Red 19(Red 19) and C. I. Disperse Red 60(Red 60) at 8$0^{\circ}C$ and 10$0^{\circ}C$, dye uptake with Red 19 was higher than that with Red 60. When the silk/cellulose acetate dyed with Red 19 and Red 60 at 10$0^{\circ}C$, dye uptake on cellulose acetate was influenced by affinity of the dye to the silk fabric dyed together. When the silk/cellulose acetate dyed with Blue 80/Red 19 and Blue 80/Red 60 at 10$0^{\circ}C$, color of cellulose acetate dyed with Red 19 and Red 60 was not influenced by Blue 80 but silk dyed with Blue 80 was influenced by Red 19 and Red 60. Interrelation of K/S value and Munsell value was scarcely any but showed the change tendency of K/S value.

• Clean Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2011

The dyeing of polyester fiber with two different disperse dyes (Disperse Red 60 and Disperse Yellow 54) was carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide ($SCCO_2$) as a dyeing medium at temperatures ranging from $50^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ and at pressures from 15 MPa to 30 MPa. The dye uptake of Disperse Red 60 on polyester fiber was found to increase with temperature at constant pressure and $SCCO_2$ density (700 kg/$m^3$). At $90^{\circ}C$ and 30 MPa, the dye uptake on polyester fiber increased with dyeing time and the saturation concentration of Red 60 was attained within 240 min, while a longer dyeing time was required for Yellow 54 to reach its saturation concentration. When dyestuff mixtures with mixing ratios of 0.01 to 9.0 (Red 60/Yellow 54) were used, the uptake ratio of the two dyes was found to be proportional to 0.26 power of their mixing ratio. Dyed fibers showed an orange color and the depth of the color depended upon the mixing ratio of the dyestuffs.