• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2009

Ozone is a strong oxidant and a powerful disinfectant. In general, it has been used in drinking water treatment during last 100years. Ozone dissolution features are defined by the two categories of ozone contactors, bubble-diffuser and sidestream ozone contactor. Currently, sidestream-injection systems are gaining in popularity but operating cost might be slightly higher. Sidestream ozone system dissolve ozone into a sidestream flow via an injection setup or in the main process flow stream in some sidestream arrangements. The sidestream flow is subsequently mixed with the main process flow stream, which is directed to a reation tank or pipeline for oxidation and disinfection reactions. The purpose of this study is to suggest optimal operating pressure, to figure out the static-mixer effect and to understand the microbubble characteristics of ozone to improve dissolution efficiency.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 1998년도 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.242-244
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• 1998

Over the years manufactures have become increasingly aware of the importance of water purity and its effect on the quality of the final product. One of the largest problems that confronts pure water system operators is bacterial recontamination shortly after the water purification equipment. There are several recommended methods of either preventing or recommended methods of either preventing or removing such contamination but most have inherent disadvantages. Drinking water has required new treatment techniques such as ozonation and granular activated carbon(GAC) filtration. Ozone is known to be a powerful oxidant and disinfectant. Therefore it has been found to be necessary for the treatment of taste, odor and color as an oxidant of inorganic and organic compounds.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.483-487
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• 1991

The utilization of ozone as a disinfectant for removing poultry meat microorganisms and then cleaning the poultry rinse water was investigated. When microbial suspensions were treated with ozone at 2, 500ppm/min for 40min, microorganisms were not detectable perfectly. The bacteriocidal effect of ozone by temperature was enhanced greater at 7$^{\circ}C$ than $25^{\circ}C$. All poultry meat microorganisms were killed by ozone treatment at 1, 530ppm for 50min. The pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella sp. were more vulnerable and not detected by ozone treatment for 20min. Ozonation of the suspension for 20min and 50min increased light transmission at 500nm to 58% and 145%, respectively. The order of COD removal was ozone treatment(21%), coagulant((Al)2SO4) treatment(41%), ozone treatment after coagulant treatment(54%).

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2014

본 연구는 P. aeruginosa와 E. hirae을 대상으로 ortho-phenylphenol 20%를 함유한 훈증소독제, Fumagari $OPP^{(R)}$의 살균효과를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 예비 시험에서, P. aeruginosa와 E. hirae의 현탁액 균수는 각각 $2.8{\times}10^8$와 $3.6{\times}10^8CFU/mL$이었으며, 모든 훈증소독제에 노출시킨 담체의 균수는 모두 평판배지법과 여과법으로 배양한 시험균주 현탁액의 균수의 50%보다 많았다. 또한, 대조 담체로부터 회복된 P. aeruginosa와 E. hirae 균수는 각각 $2.9{\times}10^6$와 $2.7{\times}10^6CFU/mL$이었다. 훈증소독제의 살균효과 시험에서는, 훈증소독제를 처리한 담체의 P. aeruginosa와 E. hirae의 감소 균수는 각각 6.46와 5.19 logCFU/mL로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터, 훈증소독제, Fumagari $OPP^{(R)}$는 P. aeruginosa와 E. hirae에 대해 효과적인 살균력을 갖는 것으로 확인되었으며, 병원성 세균에 오염된 식품재료 및 주방용품의 소독에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2003년도 Challenges and Achievements in Environmental Health
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• pp.140-143
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• 2003

This research was to determine and compare the inactivation of total coliform as the indicator organism with chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone for drinking water treatment. The inactivation of total coliform was experimentally analyzed for the dose of disinfectant, contact time, pH, Temperature and DOC. The experiments for the characterization of inactivation were performed in a series of batch processes with the total coliform as a general indicator organism based on chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone as disinfectants. The nearly 2.4, 3.0, 3.9 log inactivation of total coliform killed by injecting 1mg/L at 5 minutes for chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone. For the inactivation of 99.9%, Disinfectants required were 1.70, 1.00 and 0.60 mg/L for chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone, respectively. The bactericidal effects of disinfectants were decreased as the pH increased in the range of pH 6-9. The influence of pH change on the killing effect of chlorine dioxide was not strong, but that on ozone and free chlorine was sensitive. The bactericidal effects of the disinfectants were increased as the temperature increase. The activation energies were 36,053, 29,822, 24,906 J/mol of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone for coliforms. The inactivation effects were shown in the lowest order of chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1999

This study was investigated resistance on disinfectants and antibiotics of Clostridium chauvoei isolated from dairy farm in Kyongbuk province. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; C chauvoei isolated from dairy farm were susceptible to norfloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, enrofloxacin, bacitracin, tyrosine, cephalothin and cefazolin but resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole＋trimethoprim, amikacin, neomycin streptomycin, colistin. In effect on disinfectants, C chauvoei was inhibited completely to growth in mercuric bichloride ($HgCl_2$), harasol(sodium hypochloride 4-6%), long-life(high boiling tar acids et al), and phenol($C_6$$H_5$OH), but growth in all-stop(didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 10%), powercide(potassium monopersulphate 50% et al), antec vercon-s(triple salt 50% et al), and taego-51(6-alkyl-2.6-diaza-hexane-carbonic acid-1ㆍHCl et al). The effect of disinfectant was excellent in mercuric bichloride and harasol.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2016

Microbiological contamination of eggs should be prevented in the poultry industry, as poultry is one of the major reservoirs of human Salmonella. ClO₂ gas has been reported to be an effective disinfectant in various industry fields, particularly the food industry. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of chlorine dioxide gas on two strains of Salmonella inoculated onto eggshells under various experimental conditions including concentrations, contact time, humidity, and percentage organic matter. As a result, it was shown that chlorine dioxide gas under wet conditions was more effective in inactivating Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum compared to that under dry conditions independently of the presence of organic matter (yeast extract). Under wet conditions, a greater than 4 log reduction in bacterial populations was achieved after 30 min of exposure to ClO₂ each at 20 ppm, 40 ppm, and 80 ppm against S. Enteritidis; 40 ppm and 80 ppm against S. Gallinarum. These results suggest that chlorine dioxide gas is an effective agent for controlling Salmonella, the most prevalent contaminant in the egg industry.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2013

Chlorine has strong oxidizing power, also it is many advantages over other disinfectants such as the residual characteristic and economic feasibility. However, chlorine also has disadvantages such as creating disinfection by-products of chlorine as THMs. In particular, the most deadly disadvantage of chlorine is that it is extremely poisonous toxins about all alive lives. Disinfection with electrolysis water can be a very useful way Because you do not have to worry about chlorine's dangerous. In this study, we evaluated the potential as a disinfectant, across the evaluating disinfection effect and generating characteristic of by-products. The electrolyzed water could be obtained removal efficiencies of over 99.9 % the coliform by operating condition such as residence time, current density (voltage), the electrode gap. The residual chlorine be generated 10,000 mg/L in current density $1.0A/dm^2$ and residence time of 10 minutes. The residual chlorine concentration was possible to maintain a stable. The by-products generated by high concentration residual chlorine in the reactor such as trihalomethanes, haloaceticacid, chloralhydrate, haloacetonitrile were detected in less than a water quality standards. At the concentration of less than residual chlorine of 1 ppm, the chlorine disinfection by-products be generated most below the detection limit.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2023

As a result of algal bloom, algal organic matters (AOMs) are rapidly increased in surface water. AOMs can act as precursors for the formation of harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs), which are serious problems in water treatment and human health. The main aim of this study is to characterize the formation of DBPs from AOMs produced by three different algae such as Oscillatoria sp., Anabaena sp., and Microcystis aeruginosa under different algal growth phases. In an effort to examine formation of DBPs during chlorination, chloroform (TCM), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) were determined under various CT (product of disinfectant concentration and contact time, mg·min/L) values. Generally, the amounts of DBPs tended to increase with increasing CT values at the most growth phases. However, there was a significant difference between the amounts of DBPs produced by the three algal species at different growth phases. This result is likely due to the chemical composition variability of AOM from different algae at different growth phases. In addition, the effect of pre-ozonation on coagulation for the removal of AOMs from three algal species was investigated. The pre-ozonation had a positive effect on the coagulation/flocculation of AOMs.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제11권3로
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

1. 돈슬러리의 초기 pH는 8.2로 약알칼리를 띠고 있었으며, 수분 함량은 $98.6\%$, 유기물 함량은 $0.4\%$였다. 돈슬러리내에 존재하는 총미생물수는 $6.3\times10^5cfu/ml$로 조사되었으며 Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus 및 Bacillus cereus는 각각 $1.2\times10^4,\;4.1\times10^4,\;1.7\times10^4 cfu/ml,$였다. 2. 소독제 종류, 살포농도에 따른 처리별 수분, 유기물 함량은 큰 변화를 보이지 않았으며, pH는 기간이 경과함에 따라 높아지는 경향이었다. 3. 처리구별 초기 총미생물수는 $2.2\times10^5,\;9.9\times10^5\;cfu/ml,$의 분포를 나타냈으며, 소독제 살포후에는 모든 처리구에서 총미생물수가 점차적으로 감소하기 시작하여 2주째에 가장 낮은 수준인 $0.1\times10^5\~0.8\times10^5\;cfu/ml$으로 조사되었고 14일후에는 모든 처리구에서 다시 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 4. 병원성미생물인 Escherichia coli와 Staphylococcus aureus는 초기에는 각각 $1.0\times10^4\~4.8\times10^4,\;3.2\times10^4\~9.9\times10^4\;cfu/ml$의 분포를 나타내었으나, 소독제 살포당일부터 급격하게 감소하기 시작하여 살포 7일후에는 모든 처리 구에서 사멸되는 것으로 조사되었으며 살포 30일 후부터 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 5. 돈슬러리내 미생물중 부숙에 관여하는 미생물인 Bacillus cereus의 초기 미생물수는 $0.7\times10^4\~5.8\times10^4\;cfu/ml$였으며 소독제 살포당일에는 뚜렷한 감소효과를 보이지 않았으나 살포 3일 후부터 서서히 감소하기 시작하여 살포 14일 후까지 초기 수준에 비해 $8.6\~85.75\%$까지 감소하다가 그 이후부터는 서서히 증가하기 시작하여 시험초기와 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 6. 소독제 살포가 초기에는 돈슬러리 부숙에 약간의 영향을 미칠 수는 있으나, 기간이 경과함에 따라 그러한 영향은 거의 없어지는 것으로 나타났다.