• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제95권5호
• /
• pp.543-550
• /
• 2006

Distribution patterns of two pine sawyer species (Monochamus alternatus which is the main vector insect and M. saltuarius which is the potential insect vector of the pine wood nematode) were investigated in Korea. The data were collected at 89 study sites which were chosen to cover the whole region of South Korea. The selected pine trees were killed in early April and left for I year in the pine stands to be egg-laid by the pine sawyers. Emergence of the beetles from the dead pine trees was checked from early April to late July. M. saltuarius was the most abundant in the mid to northern areas of South Korea, whereas M. alternatus in Jeju-do, southernmost island of Korea. Considering temperature distribution patterns in areas where the two species occur, their thermal distribution boundary may be formed around $13.2^{\circ}C$ of annual mean temperature. The hypothesized distribution map of the two Monochamus species under the invasion of pine wilt disease is suggested on the base of thermal distribution of Korean peninsula.

• 한국양봉학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.281-293
• /
• 2017

Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the main pathogenic RNA viruses of honeybee. SBV is found worldwide and many local strains have been reported, such as kSBV, cSBV, and wSBV. In this study, SBV-specific DNA fragments were cloned and sequenced by reverse-transcription PCR from 4 populations of A. mellifera, 4 sequences from 1 population belonged to the 2134D51 genotype (349 nucleotides, nt) and 12 sequences from 3 populations belonged to the 2100D0 genotype (400 nt) among the 16 determined sequences. A total of 87 points of mismatches were found by comparison with the most similar sequences in GenBank. Seventeen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were detected, and 6 SNP-patterns in the 2100D0 genotype and 2 SNP-patterns in the 2134D51 genotype were identified based on SNP positions. In SNP-pattern 2, 10 SNPs were detected, but only 2 SNPs were found in SNP-pattern7. Meanwhile, one SNP-pattern was found from one RNA-sample, multi SNP-patterns were detected from other RNA-samples. Large numbers of SNP variants indicate that vast numbers of point-mutations on SBV have occurred since SBV invaded Korea and that SNP smay have been introduced individually over time. Thorough analysis of SNP variants will not only define the local infection-route, but also the relationships between SNP-pattern and SBV-pathogenic abilities.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.18-22
• /
• 2001

Renal colic, hematuria, dysuria and stone passage were developed in younger brother (4 year 6 month old boy). But the elder sister (6 year old girl)had no specific symptoms and signs. The identification of the disease was proved by cyanide nitroprusside test and amino acid analysis of urine. In our patients the chromatographic amino acid patterns of urine showed remarkably increased excretion of cystine, ornithine, lysine, and arginine. They are managed by adequate hydration with Shohl solution for rendering the urine more alkaline, and alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine (Thiola).

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2015

Escherichia (E.) coli is commensal bacteria found in the intestine; however, some pathogenic strains cause diseases in animals and humans. Although E. coli does not typically produce hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), $H_2S$-producing strains of E. coli have been identified worldwide. The relationship between virulence and $H_2S$ production has not yet been determined. Therefore, characteristics of $H_2S$-producing isolates obtained from swine feces were evaluated including antibiotic resistance patterns, virulence gene expression, and genetic relatedness. Rates of antibiotic resistance of the $H_2S$-producing E. coli varied according to antibiotic. Only the EAST1 gene was detected as a virulence gene in five $H_2S$-producing E. coli strains. Genes conferring $H_2S$ production were not transmissible although the sseA gene encoding 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase was detected in all $H_2S$-producing E. coli strains. Sequences of the sseA gene motif CGSVTA around Cys238 were also identical in all $H_2S$- producing E. coli strains. Diverse genetic relatedness among the isolates was observed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. These results suggested that $H_2S$-producing E. coli strains were not derived from a specific clone and $H_2S$ production in E. coli is not associated with virulence genes.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.57-65
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to figure out the relationship between the residence stories in high-rise condominium and residents' disease patterns throughout the dweller's medical reports. Research basic data are obtained from medical fee request of National Health Insurance Corporation. Data are limited to 'A' high-rise condominium and a medical treatment time to 3 years (2004. 1-2006, 12). Data for analysis are composed of total 346,286 medical records, 43,159 disease records, and 8,999 personal records. Data are stored by sex, age, building story, residence story, visiting year and month, treatment days, main disease type (KCD-4). Treatment number, disease type and asthma in disease records and personal records are statistically analyzed by residence story considering age. Findings are as follows: 1) Women have more medical treatments than men, 40-50 age group is more treated, and the residents of 6-25 stories are more received medical treatments. According to KCD-4, diseases of the respiratory system and diseases of the eye and adnexa are relatively treated higher than other diseases. 2) The diseases of he respiratory system, the eye and adnexa, the skin and subcutaneous issue, the ear and mastoid process, and the asthma have not relation to the high-storied residence through the data of disease records and personal records. But the analysis on the data of children, age 7 and less, showed a significant relation. to conclude, there is no relationship between the residence of high-stories in the condominium and residents' disease patterns, but there is a little probable to the relationship in the pre-school child.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.580-583
• /
• 2016

The cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is one of the most devastating pathogens of cotton. This malady, known as cotton blue disease, is widespread in South America where it causes huge crop losses. Recently the disease has been reported from India. We noticed occurrence of cotton blue disease and chickpea stunt disease in adjoining cotton and chickpea fields and got interested in knowing if these two viral diseases have some association. By genetic studies, we have shown here that CLRDV is very close to chickpea stunt disease associated virus (CpSDaV). We were successful in transmitting the CLRDV from cotton to chickpea. Our studies indicate that CpSDaV and CLRDV in India are possibly two different strains of the same virus. These findings would be helpful in managing these serious diseases by altering the cropping patterns.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2015

최근 스마트폰 사용자들이 급격히 증가함에 따라 다양한 사회적 문제점들이 발생되고 있다. 대표적으로, 과도한 스마트폰의 사용과 잘못된 이용습관은 '스마트폰 중독(smartphone addiction)'과 '스마트폰 질병(smartphone disease)'과 같은 새로운 사회적 문제점들을 야기시키고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제들을 사전에 예방하기 위해 스마트폰 사용자의 패턴을 방향센서를 이용해서 수집하고 분석해서 스마트폰 중독 및 질병을 예방하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 사용자의 스마트폰 사용형태와 사용시간을 실시간으로 분석하여 위험수준에 도달하였을 경우, 사용자에게 이를 알려 줌으로써 사용자 자신이 사전에 위험을 인지할 수 있도록 하며, 자신의 의지로 스마트폰 사용을 절제하도록 하여 스마트폰 중독 및 질병을 사전에 예방할 수 있도록 제안한다.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.685-688
• /
• 2006

The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular features of serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strains circulating in Beijing, China. Twenty out of 23 strains belonged to ST 4821. The causative serosubtype for meningococcal meningitis was P1.12-1,16-8. All of the strains expressed class 3 PorB protein. Among the five pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns observed, pattern III predominated.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.395-401
• /
• 2023

Innate immunity is a first line defence system in the body which is for sensing signals of danger such as pathogenic microbes or host-derived signals of cellular stress. Pattern recognition receptors (PRR's), which present in the cell memebrane, are suspect the infection through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), and activate innate immunity with response to promote inflammation via inflammatory cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, and cytokines. Inflammasome are protein complexes which are part of innate immunity in inflammation to remove pathogens and repair damaged tissues. What is the important role of inflammation in disease? In this review, we are focused on the action mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and sepsis.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.323-332
• /
• 2015

Background: Antibiotic resistance has been becoming serious challenge to human beings. Overuse of antibiotics, especially, for infants is concerned, but studies are very few for the prescribing pattern of antibiotic use for infants. This study analyzes prescribing patterns of antibiotics in outpatients of preschool children with acute respiratory tract infections in South Korea. Methods: Data are used from 2011 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Services-pediatric patients sample. Inclusion criteria is outpatient children (0 to 5 years) with top five frequent diseases. Prescription rates are analyzed by types of disease, provider, specialty, region, and ages. Binary or multinomial logit models are used to analyze determinants of providers' prescription pattern. Results: The main findings are as follows. First, distributions of prescription rates are shown as L-shape or M-shape depending on the types of disease. Second, the prescription variation is so large among providers, where providers are polarized as a group with low prescription rates and the other group with high prescription rates, though the shapes are shown diversified across types of disease. Third, prescription rates appear to be lower in pediatrics and higher in ENT (ear-nose-throat). Fourth, broad spectrum antibiotics are widely used among children. Finally, the logit analysis shows similar results with descriptive statistics, but partly different results across types of disease. Conclusion: Antibiotics for respiratory tract infections of infants are used excessively with a large variation among providers, and especially broad spectrum antibiotics are used. The prescription guideline for antibiotics should be provided for each specific disease to reduce antibiotic resistance in the future.