• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2007

The tube agglutination test has been used for bovine brucellosis diagnosis in Korea since middle 1950s. The reported high specificity was its value in eradication program. However, the reading of reaction mostly depends on personal experience, thus here we report a way to improve accuracy and uniformity of reading. The tube agglutination was conducted according to the protocol provided by Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The intensity of reaction was measured by spectrophotometer. The relationship between turbidity and percentage clearing was generally in direct proportion and linear. The correspondent percent transmittance at 75, 50, and 25% clearing were 91, 82, and 73, respectively. Then, the degree of percentage of clearing at given international unit was measured. With about 1.5 unit of serum, the maximum percentage clearing was observed. The international unit showing 25, 50, and 75 percentage clearing were 0.61, 0.83 and 1.35, respectively. Based on the information obtained using international standard serum, the calculation of international unit of test serum was available. According to the protocol for bovine brucellosis diagnosis which provided by Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the available range of detectable international unit was between 15 and 538. And the corresponding international units for suspicious case ranged between 42 and 127. Of the 35 sera from B abortus infected cattle, about half of them had more than 538 international units. Collectively, the reading of turbidity using spectrophotometer and application to international unit improved accuracy and uniformity of reading.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10957-10960
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• 2015

Background: The CYP2C19 genotype has been found to be an important factor for peptic ulcer healing and H. pylori eradication, influencing the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical correlations of the CYP2C19 genotype in patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) and gastric cancer in Thailand. Materials and Methods: Clinical information, endoscopic findings and H. pylori infection status of patients were assessed between May 2012 and November 2014 in Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. Upper GI endoscopy was performed for all patients. Five milliliters of blood were collected for H. pylori serological diagnosis and CYP2C19 study. CYP2C19 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) and classified as rapid metabolizer (RM), intermediate metabolizer (IM) or poor metabolizer (PM). Results: A total of 202 patients were enrolled including 114 with gastritis, 36 with PUD, 50 with PUB and 2 with gastric cancer. Prevalence of CYP2C19 genotype was 82/202 (40.6%) in RM, 99/202 (49%) in IM and 21/202 (10.4%) in PM. Overall H. pylori infection was 138/202 patients (68.3%). H. pylori infection was demonstrated in 72% in RM genotype, 69.7% in IM genotype and 47.6% in PM genotype. Both gastric cancer patients had the IM genotype. In PUB patients, the prevalence of genotype RM (56%) was highest followed by IM (32%) and PM(12%). Furthermore, the prevalence of genotype RM in PUB was significantly greater than gastritis patients (56% vs 36%: p=0.016; OR=2.3, 95%CI=1.1-4.7). Conclusions: CYP2C19 genotype IM was the most common genotype whereas genotype RM was the most common in PUB patients. All gastric cancer patients had genotype IM. The CYP2C19 genotype RM might be play role in development of PUD and PUB. Further study in different population is necessary to verify clinical usefulness of CYP2C19 genotyping in development of these upper GI diseases.

• 식물병연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

키위 궤양병균인 Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae는 최근 전세계에서 심각하게 경제적 손실을 초래하고 있다. 궤양병균은 우리나라에서 그린키위와 골드키위 품종들을 각각 1988년과 2006년부터 침해해왔다. 최근에는 오염된 수입꽃가루에 의해 유입된 궤양병균 biovar 3 (Psa3)가 주변 키위 재배 농가로 2차감염에 의해 급속하게 확산되어 골드키위와 레드키위 품종들에 대발생하여 피해를 주고 있다. 이 총설에서는 지난 30년간 수행한 연구 업적과 현장 경험 그리고 세계적인 주요 연구 산물들을 기초로 하여 궤양병 발생 회피, 경종적 방제, 궤양병균의 전파 차단, 조기 진단, 전염원 제거, 침입 차단, 약제 방제, 나무 치료 등 다양한 키위 궤양병 관리방법들을 요약하여 장차 키위나무를 건강하게 재배할 수 있도록 농가에서 실용적으로 사용할 수 있는 매뉴얼을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2021

Severe outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) have continued to re-emerge worldwide. Because of the high mortality rate of suckling piglets in PEDV outbreaks, the disease causes significant economic losses in the pig industry. The limited pre-existing immunity against this virus is thought to cause an explosive increase in infection in pig farms. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical symptoms of PEDV after intentional exposure (feedback). During the first few days of the outbreak in a breeding pig farm, 14 sows showed watery diarrhoea, and the disease subsequently spread rapidly throughout the barn. Pigs that were intentionally exposed to PEDV (n=251) showed watery diarrhoea (46.6%), reduced appetite (17.5%), and vomiting (6.0%). However, 75 exposed pigs (29.9%) showed no clinical signs of disease. Four weeks after the feedback challenge, 34 sows gave birth to litters of piglets, which survived with no diarrhoea. Five weeks after the start of the outbreak, PEDV was not detected in any of the examined samples, including environmental swabs. Thus, early diagnosis, prompt establishment of herd immunity, and strict application of biosecurity are good practices to reduce the mortality rates among new-born piglets and control economic losses in pig farms showing PEDV outbreaks.

• 식물병연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2016

E. pyrifoliae에 의한 과수 가지검은마름병은 국내에서 1995년 최초 발생이래 2016년까지 꾸준히 발생하여 과수농가에 피해를 주고 있는 세균병해이다. 가지검은마름병 발생 농가의 폐원조치 및 공적방제로 인한 경제적 피해 감소를 위하여, 병징이 관찰되는 이병조직 및 건전조직 내의 병원 세균을 검출하여 효율적 관리방안을 마련하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 가지검은마름병원세균의 검출은 genomic DNA 추출과정을 생략한 순수 균총만을 이용하는 colony-PCR을 이용하였으며, 이를 위해 ERIC 지역에서 제작된 가지검은마름병원세균 특이 프라이머 EpSPF/EpSPR 프라이머쌍을 선발하였다. 특이 프라이머를 활용한 colony-PCR 방법으로 2014-2015년 4-10월까지 사과나무 생육기간 동안 가지검은마름병 발생상황을 모니터링한 결과, $25^{\circ}C$ 일 평균 온도 기간인 5월 중순부터 7월 초순까지 발병이 가장 빈번하였다. 발병가지 내 병원세균의 존재유무 검정 결과 병징 부위와 이로부터 20 cm 내 건전조직에서만 병원세균이 지속적으로 검출되었다. 따라서 이미 발생한 가지검은마름병을 효율적으로 관리하기 위해 이병조직과 건전조직 경계 부위로부터 20 cm 이상에서 가지치기를 하는 것이 매우 적절할 것으로 판단된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2006

시설재배 되는 들깨에 발생하여 피해를 초래하는 균핵병 발생 특성에 대하여 조사연구한 결과, 들깨 균핵병균(S. sclerotiorum)의 균사생장 적온은 $20^{\circ}C$이었고, $15^{\circ}C$ 이하의 온도에서 $20^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서보다 균핵의 형성수는 적었으나 보다 큰 균핵을 형성하였으며 건물중도 높았다. 토양 깊이별 균핵의 자낭반 형성은 0.5 cm에서 가장 높았고 3cm 깊이까지 자낭반을 하였으나 5cm 이상의 깊이에서는 자낭반 형성이 관찰되지 않았다. 들깨 균핵병은 전 생육기에 걸쳐 발생하였고, 특히 저온 다습기인 1월에서 2월에 발생이 높았다. 그리고 5년 이상 연작 재배시 높은 발병을 보였으며, 10년 이상 연작재배 포장은 20% 이상의 발병을 보여 많은 피해를 초래하였다. 또한 들깨 시설재배 농가 포장에서 자연 감염에 의한 균핵병이 떡쑥, 주름잎 등의 잡초에 발생하였으며, 병원성 조사결과, 화본과를 제외한 국화과 등 6개과에 속하는 11종의 잡초에 병원성을 나타내었다. 이런 결과는 윤작과 효율적인 잡초관리가 들깨 균핵병 발생을 경감할 수 있고, 벼 후작으로 시설재배 되는 들깨에 균핵병이 격발하는 원인을 설명할 수 있는 하나의 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.331-342
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• 2014

Given the lack of a resistant genetic pool in host plants, the introduction of exotic invasive pathogens can result in epidemics that affect a specific ecosystem and economy. Plant quarantine, which is designed to protect endemic plant resources, is a highly invaluable safeguard that should keep biosecurity with increasing international trade and global transportation. A total of 34 species of plant pathogens including Phytophthora infestans were documented as introduced from other countries into Korea from 1900 to 2010. The genus Phytophthora, classified in oomycetes, includes more than 120 species that are mostly recognized worldwide as highly invasive plant pathogens. After 2000, over 50 new species of Phytophthora were identified internationally as plant pathogens occurring in crops and forest trees. In Korea, Phytophthora is also one of the most serious plant pathogens. To date, 22 species (about one-fifth of known species) of the genus have been identified and reported as plant pathogens in the country. The likelihood of new exotic Phytophthora species being introduced into Korea continues to increase, thus necessitating intensive plant quarantine inspections. As new potential threats to plant health in Korea, six Phytophthora species, namely, P. alni, P. inundata, P. kernoviae, P. pinifolia, P. quercina, and P. ramorum, are discussed in this review with focus on history, disease, biology, management, and plant quarantine issues.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2016

Protozoan parasite, the genus Eimeria, causes an intestinal disease, coccidiosis, in young broilers. Coccidiosis induces significant economic loss in poultry production. This study was designed to identify the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in broilers in Gyeonggi province, Korea. Fecal samples from broilers at 94 farms were collected in two chicken slaughterhouses between March and June 2015. Eimeria infection was determined by microscopic examination and PCR using ITS-1 region. The prevalence of Eimeria was 58.5% (55 of 94). E. acervulina was identified in 96.4% of samples, E. tenella in 81.8%, E. maxima in 12.7%, E. praecox in 12.7%, E. brunetti in 5.5%, E. necatrix in 1.8%, and E. mitis in 1.8%. Body weight (BW) of broilers infected with both E. tenella and E. acervulina ($mean=1.53{\pm}0.19^Bkg$) was significantly lower than broilers with E. acervulina positive/E. tenalla negative ($mean=1.74{\pm}0.07^Akg$) or Eimeria negative ($mean=1.65{\pm}0.15^Akg$) (Duncan's multiple range test, P<0.01). High prevalence of Eimeria tenella and the impact on the broiler body weight shows the importance of this protozoa in broiler industry. Development of the periodic monitoring strategy and systemic management for the purpose of the prevention/eradication of Eimeria infection among broilers is required.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제25권5호통권216호
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• pp.465-477
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• 1987

This is an experimental and clinical study on the use of an autogenous frozen mandibular bone. Two aspects must be considered in the treatment of mandibular tumors: the eradication of the disease, and the maintenamce of the mandibular continuity for a good functional and esthetic results. The authors used the cryosurgical method in the dogs and the tumor of the mandible in human, which consists of partial mandibular resection; immersion of the bone in the liquid nitrogen at -196℃, followed by reimplantation of the mandibular bone in its bed. In experimental study, the mandibular segment showed favorable healing process without rejection during the cohole experimental periods. In clinical study, the frozen bone showed no antigenicity and excellent cosmetic results.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2007

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is very important disease in cattle industry with a worldwide distribution. Detection and elimination of persistently infected calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was valuable strategy for BVD eradication because those calves were main source for transmission. We surveyed persistent infection with BVDV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using whole blood and skin. Five hundred thirty nine Korean native calves were tested. Four calves (0.7%) were positive for BVDV antigen for both tests. Those calves remained positive for follow-up by RT-PCR and IHC. Therefore they were identified as persistently infected with BVDV. We confirmed that immunohistochemistry using skin biopsy samples was very useful tool to detect persistently infected calves with BVDV. As far as we know, this would be first report on persistent infection with BVDV in Korea.