• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.299-305
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• 2023

Bemisia tabaci is one of polyphagous insect pests that transmits Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) and Cassava Brown Streak Disease (CBSD). Insecticides are primarily applied to control B. tabaci, but it has limits due to the development of resistance. As a result, a fixed precision sampling plan was developed for its integrated pest management (IPM). The tomato plants were divided into top (more than 130cm from the ground), middle (70 cm to 100 cm above the ground), and bottom (50 cm or less above the ground) strata, before visual sampling of the larvae of B. tabaci. The spatial distribution analysis was conducted using Taylor's power law coefficients with pooled data of top, middle, bottom strata. Fixed precision sampling plan and control decision-making were developed with precision levels and action threshold recommended from published scientific papers. To assess the validation of the developed sampling plans, independent data not used in the analysis were evaluated using the Resampling Validation for Sampling Plan (RVSP) program.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-95
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• 1979

The study was conducted to search developmental process of plant protection science from review of forty-three hundreds literatures presented since 1900 in Korea and to forecast future statues of the science to be done. About 80 percent of literatures related to plant protection science such as plant pathology, applied entomology, weed science and agricultural pharmacology were collected from publications of agricultural and forestry reseach organizations attached to Office of Rural Development and Office of Forestry. The rest of literatures were mainly collected from Korean Journal of Plant Protection Society and small number of literatures were also collected from publications of the other journals of crop science and thesis collection of agricultural colleges. In Korea, research organizations of plant protection science are divided into two main groups such as exclusive agricultural research organizations and agricultural colleges. It is pointed out that the former contributions to plant protection science are very great compared to those of the latter since 1900. From periodical consideration of developmental process of the science since 1900, the history or the science are divided into three eras such as introduction and sprout of modern plant protection science during the first forty years, distress of the science during the following twenty years including the Second World War and the Korean War and rapid growth of the science after 1961. In spite of long time distress of the science during the Second World War and the Korean War, the researches on plant protection science in post-war have been done twice as many as pre-war. From consideration of the subject plants in researches of plant protection, it is shown that a great many researches on protection of rice plant have been done and occupy 37 percent of plant protection researches since 1900. And also researches on protection of fruit-trees and cash-crops are not so many as those of rice plant but have been done in noticeable numbers. In fact, researches on protection of fruit-trees and cashcrops were the most important subjects of plant protection researches in pre-war while those of rice plant were the most important subjects after 1930, particulary in post-war. From consideration of contents of plant protection researches, it is said that more fundamental researches than applied ones such as practical control methods of diseases, insect pests and weeds were done in pre-war while more applied researches than fundamental ones were done in post-war, Among applied researches, those of chemical control were the most important subjects. Researches on disease and insect-pest resistance have been done in both pre-war and post-war while researches on forecasting of disease and insect-pest and race of plant pathogens have been done in post-war. And also researches on weed control mainly have been done after 1960. Researches on agricultural chemicals for control of diseases, insect pests and weeds still belong to a new field which must be expected in future, and there is nothing to notice with the exception of practical application of agricultural chemicals introduced from foreign countries. Some of important researches on diseases and insect pests were discussed in relation to developmental process of plant protection science in Korea since 1900. In future, researches on plant protection will be develop to the direction supporting importance of integrated control for plant protection. Therefore, it is pointed out that security of highly educated and trained scientists with enlargement of reseach fields of plant protection science are necessary and role of agricultural colleges for future development of the science must be emphasized.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2021

Munseom (Island) is known as the largest native Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus in Korea. Recently, disease damage from the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community has been reported in Munseom. This study was conducted to understand the damage situation and growth characteristics of the E. sylvestris var. ellipticus population in Munseom. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spontaneous regeneration potential of the community by grasping the characteristics of the population of surviving E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals, and to discuss ways to restore native habitats. A total population survey was conducted to determine the distribution status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals. The field survey carefully recorded the height of tree, DBH, DRH, and growing status, along with GPS location information of the individual. The growth status of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus individuals distributed in Munseom and the characteristics of tree height, DBH, DRH of each individual were analyzed. The total number of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus populations identified in Munseom was 293. The dense E. sylvestris var. ellipticus community reported in 2005 has been identified as being greatly damaged or damaged. In particular, the damage was more serious in mature trees with a height of 6m or more forming the canopy layer in the forest, and it was confirmed that 80.6% of the mature trees died. In the growth characteristics of the old-growth tree, which is an indicator of the health of the forest based on DRH, 75.4% died or the growth condition was found to be poor. In order to restore the native habitat of E. sylvestris var. ellipticus in Munseom, conservation efforts such as pest control, preservation of mature trees, control of the territory of young trees, and reintroduction after ex-situ transplantation etc. are considered necessary.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.224-232
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the disease, insect damage, growth, and yield characteristics of sorghum and foxtail millet in an organic paddy-upland rotation system at Anseong-si Gyeonggi province, Korea, in 2016. Seven varieties of sorghum and foxtail millet are used in this study. A rotational upland field and continuously cropped upland field were compared in order to establish an optimum cultural method and to select the best sorghum and foxtail varieties for a paddy-upland rotation system. The incidence rate of major diseases was higher for sorghum than for foxtail millet. Moktaksusu (22.8%) had the highest incidence rate among sorghum varieties. Hwanggeumchal (7.0%) had the highest incidence rate among foxtail millet varieties. DS202 (89.3%) was the most severely damaged by Ostrinia furnacalis larva, which is the main pest of sorghum and maize. The weed numbers, and the weed fresh and dry weights were lower in the rotational upland field than in the continuously cropped upland field. Futhermore, the number of weed plants decreased by 42% and the dry weight of weeds decreased by 33% in the rotational upland field compared to the continuously cropped upland field. The culm length of sorghum and foxtail millet were 7.9 cm, and 3.4 cm longer, respectively, in the rotational upland field than in the continuously cropped upland field. The average yield of sorghum per 10 a increased by 90% in the rotational upland field compared to continuously cropped upland field. However, there was no significant difference between the rotational upland field and the continuously cropped upland field for foxtail millet. The most suitable varieties for a paddy-upland rotation system were judged to be Hwanggeumchal, Donganmae, and DS202 for sorghum, and Samdachal, Samdamae, Dahwangmae for foxtail millet.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2014

The socio-network activities for regional governments, agricultural research institutes, developing agencies and policy makers of any countries are very crucial and important to take into account the root cause of current problems faced by farmers. The survey was conducted in South Korea during the period January, 2008 to August, 2012 in order to shed light on prevalence of different diseases on watermelon in different regions and to better understand farmers' knowledge and perceptions for following watemelon's growing procedures and practices. A total of 590 cases were reported on 573 watermelon growers with highest 87.1% in Jeonbuk, 4.7% in Jeonnam, and 8.2% in other regions such as Gyeongbuk, Gyeongnam, Chungnam, Gwangju, Gyeonggi, Daegu, Gangwon, Changwon and Seoul. The maximum percentages of cases recorded were related to diseases and insect pest (38.6%) followed by physiological disorder (29.7%), cultural practices (18.8%), soil and fertilizer (9.0%), herbicide (2.9%) and others (1.0%). It was observed that the manifestation aspects of the diseases were changed due to increasing in proportion of 'in-facility' cultivation to 12,995 ha compared to 'open-field' cultivation (2,722 ha). The present survey revealed the necessity to reduce the damages incurred at watermelon farms as soon as possible through the breeding program to develop resistant cultivar, use of pathogen-free propagating plants, and efficient prevention of pathogen by regular monitoring of watermelon plants at farms.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.17 no.2 s.35
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• pp.115-123
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• 1978

Present status on the pesticides production, supply, manufacture and pests control in Korea are summarized. The data in the past several years (1971-76) are analyzed to find out the problems and solutions for the further development of plant protection and pesticide industry in Korea. Since the acreages of crop plantation and the quantities of pesticides uses are already near to the stage of plateau, pesticide formulation with imported technical grade should be modified by local synthesis with imported quality. The government pesticides management act and regulations must be modernized urgently in connection with the synthesis. formulation, tests, registration, quality control. price and supply system as well as the safety use of pesticides. Recommendation concerning acceptable daily intakes(ADI) and residue limits must be established for the strengthning pesticide safety use and plant protection activities as soon as possible. The use of fungicide-insectide mixture in dust formulation must be authorized and practiced immediately for the labor saving and one-hit cooperative mass control of rice disease and insect pests, especially. At present, serious considerations on pesticide safety use and integrated pest control are strongly urged to help the farmers, to save the industries and to keep the nature as it is required.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.95-99
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• 2013

To investigate the actual condition of production and management of sod, a questionnaire was ask to 57 farmers in major cultivated areas of turf sod in Korea in 2010 and 2011. The results of the turfgrass management situation analysis showed a mixed farming where the ratio of the principal work and the side work progress similarly, and for the landholding type depending on the management scale, the rental ratio was high for a scale over 0.5 ha. Sod production farmers has high-profile in new varieties of turfgrass, integrated management of the fertilization and soil or disease and insect pest however the future of the turfgrass industry does not seem optimistic due to the problems such as market stability or scarcity of worker. Obtaining of information on culture methods depended neighbor's experience (81.8%). Concerning the varieties preference analysis, the 32.1% of farmer answered that the reproductive rate was a key factor for the new variety. Sod production farmers want to receive financial support (28.1%), improvement of distribution structure of sod (26.6%), and spread of good variety turfgrass (23.4%).

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.695-702
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• 2012

The chestnut management standard diagnostic table is developed and would be utilized in order that a manager raising chestnuts checks where the own level of management is and grasps current state of own for the purpose of planning aims and advancing toward a higher level. The developed 'Chestnut management standard diagnostic table' consisted of 3 first classified items, 19 second classified items and 2 product indicator items by the chestnut experts consultative meeting. A survey of 212 farmhouses in 4 major producing area was conducted. Except invalid survey of 53 farmers, 159 farmhouses interviewed were used in analysis. Total score was calculated with sum of each item's score. According to the survey results, average score is 68.0 and Buyeo received the highest score of 69.7 and Suncheon received the lowest score of 61.8 by regional groups. The higher the group in score, the better it is in output per hectare. But the property of 'the ratio of the best products in total products' does not show a statistical correlation. Generally the score of 'management-based evaluation indicator part' and 'management and sale capacity indicator part' in Suncheon was low because of many elderly people. In part of 'manufacturing technology indicator' as Environmentally-Friendly production is progressed in over 70% of four regions, when comes to a disease and insect pest control there are rarely farmhouses having a way of crop dusting.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.522-528
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• 2018

Saemimyeon, a Tongil type, medium-late maturing rice variety, is especially used for preparing rice noodles. Its high amylose content was developed to fit market demands and to be affordable for rice processing industries. One of the high yielding lines, Milyang181 (Hanareum), was used in the final three-way cross of $IR50^*2$/YR18241-B-B-115-1-1 for yield improvement and cultivation stabilization, including disease resistance. YR24235-10-1-3, a high yielding and compact plant type, was selected and named Milyang278 after yield test at NICS (RDA, Miryang) in 2010. It was subjected to regional yield test at six sites in the middle and southern plain areas of South Korea. Saemimyeon heading occurs on August 12 and is a mid-late maturing cultivar, with resistance to leaf blast, rice stripe virus, and bacterial blight (K1-K3a), but it is susceptible to major diseases and insect pest infestation. Saemimyeon showed a high amylose content of 26.7%, with a relatively low KOH digestion value of 3.5, which are key factors in rice noodles and pasta processing. In the local adaptability tests, the yield of Saemimyeon was 7.08 MT/ha-an increase of approximately 106% compared to that of Dasan. Thus, Saemimyeon is suitable for cultivation in the southern and middle plain areas of South Korea.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.183-202
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• 2013

The demand of ginseng which has attracted many people for a long time has expanded further with great spotlight ; but it has caused anxiety of some safety-sensitive customers due to unavoidable pesticides and its weakness for disease and insect pest. On the other hand, sluggish studies on effective doses of ginseng and red ginseng which is produced and processed after hardship have worsened confusion of customers. Against this backdrop, this study is about to find out measures for safe ginseng cultivation and effective dose of white or red ginseng which are safely produced and reaches meaningful conclusions as follows ; As for a study to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides or to change them into environmentally-friendly products, ginseng cultivation utilizing Lime Sulfur complex might be an alternative. The effects of Lime Sulfur complex are great on ginseng seeding with under 200 times compound KHCO3 and five-year-old ginseng with over 200 times compound using NaHCO3. When using with green materials like Bordeaux mixture, there would be great potential to realize ginseng without pesticide use.