• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.264-279
• /
• 2013

This study aimed to analyze the differences between the types of disputes in food service franchises and the relevant corporate information. For this aim, the types of disputes were analyzed on the basis of the cases reported by the Korea Fair Trade Commission, and whether there are any differences from the relevant corporate information was analyzed using SPSS WIN(V.17.0). According to analysis results, the most often seen types of disputes were failure to provide the information disclosure sheet (58.5%) and failure to deposit franchising fee (15.1%). In Kruskal-Wallis test between the type of disputes and related corporate information variables, significant difference was found under significance level p<.05 for sales volume, the establishment period and the number of franchisees, and under p<.1 for the number of full-time employees. In correlation coefficient, the establishment period, the number of full-time employees and the number of franchisees showed positive correlation(p<.05), and the number of full-time employees showed correlation in the number of franchisees and the number of brands under the significance level p<.05. As a solution for the dispute, there should be franchisors' responsibility to comply with the principle of good faith, the authorities' strengthening exemplary transaction criteria and legal systems, as well as experts' consulting for prospective franchisees prior to establishing business.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2024

Recently, the Korean financial market has implemented a ban on unleveraged short selling, and leveraged short selling, which involves selling borrowed securities, is called general short selling. This study sought to come up with improvement measures to revitalize short selling from the perspective of individual investors. Short selling refers to selling stocks you do not own in the stock market, predicting that the stock price of the stock will fall, and borrowing stocks to sell them. Based on the results of this study, the short selling market's growth and improvement plans are as follows. First, a plan must be developed to expand short selling opportunities for individual investors. In the domestic short selling market, including KOSPI and KOSDAQ, foreign and institutional participants account for more than 95% of the market, and individual investors are very small. Therefore, its expansion is inevitable. Second, monitoring and punishment for unfair short selling transactions must be strengthened. Representative improvement measures that can minimize the side effects of short selling include strengthening monitoring of unfair trading and short selling, and raising the level of punishment. In addition, measures must be taken to further increase the level of punishment for short selling related to unfair transactions. Third, the short selling reporting and disclosure system needs to be improved. In the case of Korea, short selling transactions are not yet as active as in developed countries, but there is a need to expand the disclosure system to strengthen market transparency in preparation for future short selling transactions becoming more active. In conclusion, it is reported that if short selling regulations are excessively strengthened, losses may occur in terms of price efficiency and market liquidity, which may ultimately have a negative impact on the market. Therefore, policies related to short selling must be made while taking into account the positive aspects of regulatory effects and the negative impact on the market.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explain the long term growth and development of elementary teachers' Professional Learning Communities(PLC) about mathematics implemented on an institutional basis. Especially, it is meaningful to analyze and present the development process and characteristics of PLC, which was started by the basis on the collaboration of a National University of Education and its affiliated elementary school. In this study, PLC activities during three years were analyzed according to the capacities and dimensions of a professional learning community. The developmental capacity of the PLC analyzed in this study can be summarized as follows. In the first year, development of organizational competence in terms of capacity, resources, structure, and system of exchanges was the main factor in personal competence, and the development of individual competence began to share collective learning and practice. In the second year, personal exchanges were active in all the topics of activities, and personal level competence was activated such that more activities of critical knowledge formation were performed on an individual level. On the basis of the development of the individual level formed in the second, individual competence and organizational capacity developed. Factors that have influenced the development of capacities of PLC include: disclosure of activities outside the community, participation in outsiders, provision of procedures to share equal participation and leadership, voluntary and critical participation of teachers, improvement of mathematics teaching methods, sharing themes and visions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.849-858
• /
• 2013

In today's mobile computing environment, there are many threats, such as device loss or theft, malware, to the sensitive information stored on end user device. To prevent disclosure of information, encryption and authentication method are properly adjusted to the device. In cryptographic file systems, CBC mode of operation has been commonly used. It requires an IV need not be secret, but must be unpredictable and protect integrity of the IV. In this paper, we propose file system-level encryption mechanism with HSM that satisfy the requirement of the IV and improve the performance. Moreover, Design and experimental results prove the efficiency of our proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.417-425
• /
• 2020

In this paper, value relevance of the level of dependence on separate accounts in non-life-insurance companies is studied. As noted by Shim et al. (2015), the separate accounts of insurance companies consist of contracts with different attributes from the general accounts, so it is likely that firm value will vary depending on the insurer's dependence on the separate accounts. Thus, in this paper, an empirical analysis has been conducted using quarterly financial data and stock price data from domestic listed non-life-insurance companies from 2011 to 2018. The analysis shows that variables representing the level of dependence on separate accounts have a significant negative relevance to firm value. These results may suggest that changes in the proportion of a non-life-insurer's separate accounts may result in a change to its firm value under the same net assets and net income scales in aggregate accounts. This study provides management implications for the operation of separate accounts from the perspective of maximizing firm value. In addition, this study suggests that disclosure system improvement would be necessary to more directly report the operational performance of the separate accounts.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.199-232
• /
• 2018

There are increasing needs for understanding and fathoming of business management environment through big data analysis at industrial and corporative level. The research using the company disclosure information, which is comprehensively covering the business performance and the future plan of the company, is getting attention. However, there is limited research on developing applicable analytical models leveraging such corporate disclosure data due to its unstructured nature. This study proposes a text-mining-based analytical model for industrial and firm level analyses using publicly available company disclousre data. Specifically, we apply LDA topic model and word2vec word embedding model on the U.S. SEC data from the publicly listed firms and analyze the trends of business topics at the industrial and corporate levels. Using LDA topic modeling based on SEC EDGAR 10-K document, whole industrial management topics are figured out. For comparison of different pattern of industries' topic trend, software and hardware industries are compared in recent 20 years. Also, the changes of management subject at firm level are observed with comparison of two companies in software industry. The changes of topic trends provides lens for identifying decreasing and growing management subjects at industrial and firm level. Mapping companies and products(or services) based on dimension reduction after using word2vec word embedding model and principal component analysis of 10-K document at firm level in software industry, companies and products(services) that have similar management subjects are identified and also their changes in decades. For suggesting methodology to develop analysis model based on public management data at industrial and corporate level, there may be contributions in terms of making ground of practical methodology to identifying changes of managements subjects. However, there are required further researches to provide microscopic analytical model with regard to relation of technology management strategy between management performance in case of related to various pattern of management topics as of frequent changes of management subject or their momentum. Also more studies are needed for developing competitive context analysis model with product(service)-portfolios between firms.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.49-62
• /
• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is has been to identify the information disclosed by Internet website companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research design, data, methodology - The list was prepared includes 84 attributes for financial information in two parts and 36 non-financial information attributes and with 48 attributes of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Results - The results show that Internet reporting in Iran has improved compared to previous research. However, the level of financial disclosure and accounting firms with the most important research in this area is weak and these companies are more willing to disclose non-financial information to disclose their financial information. In Iran has been little research on Internet financial reporting. Conclusions - Although this study has been to the best possible information is available on the website of each company covered and fully evaluated but May have some unwanted data hidden from view has been fulfilled and is missing. The attribute relating to support of other languages, in this study, only the presence or absence of links (other languages) and information disclosed is limited to languages have not been studied other than Persian.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.197-215
• /
• 2016

Purpose This study aims to investigate the factors that influence decision making in relation to providing personal information on the internet with respect to the integration of the privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory based on the dual-calculus model proposed by Li(2012). Design/methodology/approach The privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory have been applied to explain privacy behavior to a certain degree but few studies have been conducted to explain privacy behavior based on the integration of these two theories. Although Li(2012) proposed the dual-calculus model, he only proposed its framework and did not carry out an empirical study. Therefore, this study proposes a research model that integrates these two theories and examines the relationship between the two theories through an empirical study. Findings According to the results of empirical analysis, it was found that all relations have statistically significant explanatory power except the relation between coping appraisal and privacy risk in the risk calculus process. Thus, the results verify that external threat played a decisive role in increasing the risk level of a consumer's privacy. It can be discussed the ways to enhance the privacy behavior of consumer on the internet through these findings.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.119-132
• /
• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the operation and personal information management of public and private kindergarten homepages. Methods: A total of 2,846 kindergartens were selected from the I-Sarang portal service for analyzing operation, and 217 self-operating homepages were selected for evaluating management. Seven evaluation items from three domains (information gathering procedures and scope, information security, and management of file exposure protection) were used. Wireshark and Google were used for analyzing some evaluation items. Results: The operating ratio of kindergarten homepages was low and most of the kindergartens self-operated their homepages. The evaluation of the information gathering procedures and scope showed that the rule of consent process was not rigidly followed but that the rule of legality for information gathering was followed. Items related to information security were followed at very low levels. As for the management of file exposure protection, the evaluation of items related to the prevention of attachment disclosure showed that the rule of protecting personal information included in an attached file was followed but that the notice regarding information protection was not. Across all evaluation items, the level of personal information management was higher in public (vs. private) kindergartens. Conclusion: These results indicate methods to more securely and effectively manage personal information on kindergarten homepages.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2020

The study aims to investigate the relationship between hedging with derivatives and subsequent firm-level stock price crash risk. Our sample consists of KOSPI- and KOSDAQ-listed companies from 2004 to 2014. The total firm-year observation is 4,886. We find that hedging with derivatives is related to greater possibilities of crash risk. The results suggest that the complexity of economic and financial reporting for derivatives may aggravate the company's information opacity, ultimately increasing the crash risk. We contribute to the growing body of literature on hedging with derivatives. Academics and practitioners have debated on whether or not hedging enhances transparency or rather makes the information environment more opaque. Theoretical research on the role of corporate hedging on information environment shows that hedging enhances earnings informativeness. Meanwhile, pieces of anecdotal and empirical evidence show that the economic and financial reporting complexity of derivatives can harm information transparency. Our results shed light on the question of whether and how hedging with derivatives affects information environment by examining the relationship between hedging with derivatives and crash risk. Furthermore, our findings provide useful insights for policymakers and practitioners. Specifically, our results raise a need for a more transparent disclosure on corporate hedging activities with derivatives.