• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.293-302
• /
• 2015

Water body extraction is significant for flood disaster monitoring using satellite imagery. Conventional methods have focused on finding an index, which highlights water body and suppresses non-water body such as vegetation or soil area. The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) is typically used to extract water body from satellite images. The drawback of NDWI, however, is that some man-made objects in built-up areas have NDWI values similar to water body. The objective of this paper is to propose a new method that could extract correctly water body with built-up areas in before and after images of flood. We first create a two-element feature vector consisting of NDWI and a Near InfRared band (NIR) and then select a training site on water body area. After computing the mean vector and the covariance matrix of the training site, we classify each pixel into water body based on Mahalanobis distance. We also register before and after images of flood using outlier removal and triangulation-based local transformation. We finally create a change map by combining the before-flooding water body and after-flooding water body. The experimental results show that the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the proposed method were 97.25% and 94.14%, respectively, while those of the NDWI method were 89.5% and 69.6%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2023

Various lifting slings are used in domestic industrial sites depending on the purpose, form, and environment. Each sling has its characteristics, and safe lifting work is possible when its performance meets the regulations. Therefore, this study analyzed domestic and foreign regulations and guidelines related to chain slings. It identified significant problems by analyzing the chain-sling-related disaster cases. The current status of chain slings used by various industries and the ways to improve chain sling safety were studied. The major chain sling issues were: 1) employing improper components to chains, 2) having different safety coefficients between the regulation and industrial standards, and 3) using chains unsuitable for lifting purposes. Based on these issues, the following measures were proposed to improve chain sling work safety: 1) revise the safety coefficient requirements under the Regulations on Occupational Safety and Health Standards, 2) disseminate specialized sling courses, and 3) strengthen on-site chain slings-related training. In the future, this study is expected to minimize chain use mistakes by unifying the safety coefficient related to chain slings and recognizing the importance of correctly selecting components employed in the chain.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.679-700
• /
• 2012

This study aims to examine Mark Twain's criticism of American capitalistic ideals in the late nineteenth century. During this second industrial revolution, industry showed rapid growth and capitalism established an order, while America suffered under the monopolization of capitalistic conglomerates. This resulted in the widening gap between the rich and the poor and the dehumanization caused by rapid industrialization. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, Hank Morgan, the protagonist--who represents nineteenth-century America's industrialism, individualism, and capitalism--is sent back in time to the sixth century of Arthurian England. Hank attempts to introduce nineteenth-century technologies and machines to build a capitalistic system in the middle ages. However, Hank's efforts lead to disaster in which the country and civilization he worked to build is completely destroyed. Although Twain does not deny capitalistic ideals, he criticizes the "governmentality" that operates Hank's reform system to the extreme. Hank values efficiency and utilizes human beings as capital. Hank's economic reason not only transforms the Round-Table knights into speculators but also transforms their religious acts and abstract ideals into moneymaking businesses. The destructive ending anticipates the World Wars and the Great Depression in the first half of twentieth century and even serves to predict the dangers that follow.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.19-33
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to derive education programs for safety training class, create unit spaces and present components and methods of utilizing the spaces for the development of facilities models closely related to various policy, operation plan and facility construction projects promoted by related institutions such as the Ministry of Education, schools, architects and companies. This study is divided into five steps. First, we reviewed the literature related basic directions for safety education and facility plan, second, field survey included both field conditions such as spatial size and facility configuration and analysis of operating conditions like hours of operation and personnel. Base on literature review and field survey, it were used to analyze strengths and weaknesses of existing safety training classes, and five facility models was developed based on the Delphi method and expert participatory design. The result show that the facility models (drafts) of safety training class were developed as follows: (1)the facility model for traffic safety(pedestrian safety, vehicle safety, subway safety) (2)the facility model for first aid(emergency rescue, how to report) (3)the facility model for disaster safety(fire evacuation safety, life earthquake safety) (4)the facility model for elevator safety(elevator safety, escalator safety) (5)the facility model for drugs and violence safety (smoking drinking, sexual harassment safety, food safety) The safety training class can be composed by combining or separating each module according to affordable space size of each school.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 2019

This study examined the activity of the simulated training scenarios and special rescue crew assuming a chemical accident inside the building. To improve the response ability and safety of rescue personnel in the event of a chemical accident, a total of eight stages of simulated training scenarios were conducted and the activity was measured. As a result of the activity measurement according to the simulation training scenario, the average maximum heart rate of the rescuers was the highest at 177.50 ppm in the 4^th stage, and then 176.67 ppm for the 5^th step, 171.17 ppm for the 2^nd step, 169.33 ppm for the 3^rd step, 162.17 ppm for the 6^th step, 159.58 ppm for the 7^th step, 148.75 ppm for the 8^th step, and 139.33 ppm for the 1^st step. The mean maximum respiratory rate was the highest at 38.17 rpm in the 4^th stage, followed by 37.58 rpm in the 5^th stage, 32.00 rpm in the 6^th stage, 31.58 ppm in the 7^th stage, 31.33 rpm in the 3^rd stage, 31.08 rpm in the 2^nd stage, and 28.00 rpm in the 8^th stage. The 1^st stage was 22.67 rpm. In addition, body water reduction measurements were reduced by up to 0.7 g due to the training intensity.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a Tabata exercise program as an alternative for firefighters whose working environment makes it difficult to manage physical fitness. The Tabata exercise program, in which 16 people participated, led to increased muscle mass and reduced weight and body fat, which not only improved the health of the firefighters but also improved their cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, and muscle strength, which are essential elements during firefighting emergency relief activities. On the basis of these results, it is believed that developing and providing guidelines for scientific and systematic exercise programs to firefighters will lead to better work capability during fire and disaster situations.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 2017

As more and more the number of a couple working together for living has increased and an interest in early education has risen, daycare centers have made an effort to provide effective and good service beyond 'nursery care'. The most important thing in building in the event of disasters is safe evacuation of occupants. Having 'safe evacuation route' is required to reduce damage caused by disasters, It is necessary to give continuous and repeated training for right evacuation to infant and children so that they can evacuation successfully. This study examined problems that need improvement so that evacuation instrument installed in daycare centers can be used better by analyzing a survey of evacuation related facilities on daycare centers. This study found that laws and regulations on safety should be improved, evacuation facilities prepared against should be maintained regularly by relevant authorities, training for coping with disasters should be provied and evacuation instruments which are suitable for children.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.55
• /
• pp.75-95
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find the development of the examination security business plan based on the problem that guards are now aware of examination security service. To achieve the purpose of this study, the interview was conducted by interviewing interviews with five field related graduates and seven field specialists who are currently engaged in the examination for more than six years. The guard who perform national examination security service proposed a development plan of national examination security services as follows. First, the security guards at the national examination must complete an education program suitable for the nature of the workplace. Second, disaster and emergency response training should be added. Third, national examination security guards should be provided with mental training, search equipment and advanced equipment. Fourth, The National Examination Security Service should be specified in the Security Law so that laws and regulations can actively respond. Fifth, the related organization (contracting party) must raise the cost of service according to reality after realizing the property. Sixth, The national security service should ensure that security guards who have completed the security guards' training will be recruited.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2021

In this study, classification models were built using machine learning techniques that can classify the soil creep risk into three classes from A to C (A: risk, B: moderate, C: good). A total of six machine learning techniques were used: K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting and then their classification accuracy was analyzed using the nationwide soil creep field survey data in 2019 and 2020. As a result of classification accuracy analysis, all six methods showed excellent accuracy of 0.9 or more. The methods where numerical data were applied for data training showed better performance than the methods based on character data of field survey evaluation table. Moreover, the methods learned with the data group (R1~R4) reflecting the expert opinion had higher accuracy than the field survey evaluation score data group (C1~C4). The machine learning can be used as a tool for prediction of soil creep if high-quality data are continuously secured and updated in the future.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.583-589
• /
• 2021

This study is a study on the development of virtual reality to prepare for the increase in disasters of households living with companion animals due to the increase of companion animals. The increase in single-person households and DINKs(Double Income, No Kid) along with the low birth rate and aging population is raising the risk of disasters caused by companion animals in particular. Among these disasters, there is an increase in the occurrence of fires primarily due to the raising of companion animals. Electric stove fires caused by pets are the most common fires. In particular, the frequency of electric stove fires caused by cats is the highest. Careful precautions by the owner are necessary to reduce fires caused by pets. Parenting of companion animals causes pet loss syndrome due to emotional exchange. There are injuries to pets in escalators and injuries to owners in elevators due to disasters caused by the owner's negligence. In order to reduce injuries on escalators and elevators, basic etiquette for using escalators and elevators with pets is required as basic etiquette. It is necessary to utilize virtual reality to reduce disasters caused by such companion animals. Virtual reality can be experienced without a physical space in advance training to overcome disasters, so real disaster cases can be experienced immersively. Therefore, learning how to reduce fires caused by companion animals, disasters caused by owner's negligence, and petloss syndrome through virtual reality will greatly contribute to disaster prevention and reduction of social costs.