• Title/Summary/Keyword: Disaster Planning

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3D GIS Network Modeling of Indoor Building Space Using CAD Plans (CAD 도면을 이용한 건축물 내부 공간의 3차원 GIS 네트워크 모델링)

  • Kang Jung A;Yom Jee-Hong;Lee Dong-Cheon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.375-384
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    • 2005
  • Three dimensional urban models are being increasingly applied for various purposes such as city planning, telecommunication cell planning, traffic analysis, environmental monitoring and disaster management. In recent years, technologies from CAD and GIS are being merged to find optimal solutions in three dimensional modeling of urban buildings. These solutions include modeling of the interior building space as well as its exterior shape visualization. Research and development effort in this area has been performed by scientists and engineers from Computer Graphics, CAD and GIS. Computer Graphics and CAD focussed on precise and efficient visualization, where as GIS emphasized on topology and spatial analysis. Complementary research effort is required for an effective model to serve both visualization and spatial analysis purposes. This study presents an efficient way of using the CAD plans included in the building register documents to reconstruct the internal space of buildings. Topological information was built in the geospatial database and merged with the geometric information of CAD plans. as well as other attributal data from the building register. The GIS network modeling method introduced in this study is expected to enable an effective 3 dimensional spatial analysis of building interior which is developing with increasing complexity and size.

Efficiency Evaluation of Contour Generation from Airborne LiDAR Data (LiDAR 데이터를 이용한 등고선 제작의 효율성 평가)

  • Wie, Gwang-Jae;Lee, Im-Pyeong;Kang, In-Gu;Cho, Jae-Myoung
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.15 no.2 s.40
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 2007
  • The digital working environment and its related technology have been rapidly expanding. In the surveying field, we have changed from using optical film cameras and plotters to digital cameras, multi sensors like GPS/INS etc,. The old analog work flow is replaced by a new digital work flow. Accurate data of the land is used in various fields, efficient utilization and management of land, urban planning, disaster and environment management. It is important because it is an essential infrastructure. For this study, LiDAR surveying was used to get points clouds in the study area. It has a high vegetation penetrating advantage and we used a digital process from planning to the final products. Contour lines were made from LiDAR data and compared with national digital base maps (scale 1/1,000 and 1/5,000). As a result, the accuracy and the economical efficiency were evaluated. The accuracy of LiDAR contour data was average $0.089m{\pm}0.062\;m$ and showed high ground detail in complex areas. Compared with 1/1,000 scale contour line production when surveying an area over $100\;km^2$, approximately 48% of the cost was reduced. Therefore we prepose LiDAR surveying as an alternative to modify and update national base maps.

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Introduction of the M(i,j,k)BCP and Risk Assessment of Underground Limestone Mine (재난관리체계(M(i,j,k)BCP) 제안과 석회석광산의 리스크 평가)

  • Lee, Seong Min;Kim, Sun-Myung;Lee, Yeon Hee
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.383-392
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    • 2012
  • This study introduces $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$ (Mining Business Continuity Planning) which is the smart management system of mine disasters to achieve the safe and eco-friendly mining. Where, 'i' is mine kinds, 'j' is mining processes, and 'k' is risks at process respectively. By specifically setting 'i=1=limestone mine', this study also suggests that $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$ is the smart management system of limestone mine. Mining risks used in this study were obtained from professional survey and literature review. This study classified these risks by five different mining processes and reduced risk numbers approximately 60 to 26. And they were all allocated into $M_{(i,j,k)}BCP$ and assessed. To do assess risks, this study used four risk indexes which are probability, casualty, facility loss, and discontinuity respectively. By the results of the assessment of risks, results could be four specific groups based on their causes and impacts. In addition, one of the results showed that the most possible risks at limestone mine was the roof-fall and rock-fall in digging process. This result means that $M_{(1,2,1)}BCP$ should be established as a first priority at limestone mine.

Assessment of Local Social Vulnerability in Facing Merapi Volcanic Hazard (메라피 화산재해에 대한 지역단위의 사회적 취약성 평가)

  • Lee, Sungsu;Maharani, Yohana Noradika;Yi, Waon-Ho
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.485-492
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    • 2014
  • In regards to natural disasters, vulnerability analysis is a component of the disaster risk analysis with one of its objectives as a basis for planning priority setting activities. The volcano eruption raises many casualties and property in the surrounding area, especially when the volcano located in densely populated areas. Volcanic eruptions cannot be prevented, but the risk and vulnerability can be reduced which involve careful planning and preparations that anticipate a future crisis. The social vulnerability as social inequalities with those social factors can influence the susceptibility of various groups to harm and govern their ability to respond. This study carried out the methods of Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) to measure the socially created vulnerability of the people living in Merapi proximal hamlets in Central Java, Indonesia that refers to the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect the resilience of communities in order to describe and understand the social burdens of risk. Social vulnerability captured here, using a qualitative survey based-data such as interviews to local people with random ages and background to capture the answer vary, also interviews to stakeholders to help define social vulnerability variables. The paper concludes that by constructing the vulnerability index for the hamlets, the study reveals information about the distribution and causes of social vulnerability. The analysis using SoVI confirms that this method works well in ensuring that positive values indicating high social vulnerability and vice versa.

A Real-time Correction of the Underestimation Noise for GK2A Daily NDVI (GK2A 일단위 NDVI의 과소추정 노이즈 실시간 보정)

  • Lee, Soo-Jin;Youn, Youjeong;Sohn, Eunha;Kim, Mija;Lee, Yangwon
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.38 no.6_1
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    • pp.1301-1314
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    • 2022
  • Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is utilized as an indicator to represent the vegetation condition on the land surface in various applications such as land cover, crop yield, agricultural drought, soil moisture, and forest disaster. However, satellite optical sensors for visible and infrared rays cannot see through the clouds, so the NDVI of the cloud pixel is not a valid value for the land surface. This study proposed a real-time correction of the underestimation noise for GEO-KOMPSAT-2A (GK2A) daily NDVI and made sure its feasibility through the quantitative comparisons with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NDVI and the qualitative interpretation of time-series changes. The underestimation noise was effectively corrected by the procedures such as the time-series correction considering vegetation phenology, the outlier removal using long-term climatology, and the gap filling using rigorous statistical methods. The correlation with MODIS NDVI was higher, and the difference was lower, showing a 32.7% improvement compared to the original NDVI product. The proposed method has an extensibility for use in other satellite products with some modification.

Development of technology to predict the impact of urban inundation due to climate change on urban transportation networks (기후변화에 따른 도시침수가 도시교통네트워크에 미치는 영향 예측 기술 개발)

  • Jeung, Se Jin;Hur, Dasom;Kim, Byung Sik
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.55 no.12
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    • pp.1091-1104
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    • 2022
  • Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of rainfall worldwide, and the pattern is changing due to inundation damage in urban areas due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Accordingly, the impact assessment of climate change is mentioned as a very important factor in urban planning, and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is emphasizing the need for an impact forecast that considers the social and economic impacts that may arise from meteorological phenomena. In particular, in terms of traffic, the degradation of transport systems due to urban flooding is the most detrimental factor to society and is estimated to be around £100k per hour per major road affected. However, in the case of Korea, even if accurate forecasts and special warnings on the occurrence of meteorological disasters are currently provided, the effects are not properly conveyed. Therefore, in this study, high-resolution analysis and hydrological factors of each area are reflected in order to suggest the depth of flooding of urban floods and to cope with the damage that may affect vehicles, and the degree of flooding caused by rainfall and its effect on vehicle operation are investigated. decided it was necessary. Therefore, the calculation formula of rainfall-immersion depth-vehicle speed is presented using various machine learning techniques rather than simple linear regression. In addition, by applying the climate change scenario to the rainfall-inundation depth-vehicle speed calculation formula, it predicts the flooding of urban rivers during heavy rain, and evaluates possible traffic network disturbances due to road inundation considering the impact of future climate change. We want to develop technology for use in traffic flow planning.

Evaluation on Risk Assessment for Landslide Hazard of Soil Slope Using the Checklists as a Preliminary Investigation Method (점검표를 이용한 토질사면 산사태 예비조사 방법 평가)

  • Kim, Jae Min;Choi, Jung Chan
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.177-185
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study is to evaluate landslide hazard susceptibility and produce the landslide hazard maps for soil slope using checklists as a preliminary investigation method. Tables, proposed by NDMI (National Disaster Management Institute), are applied for slope stability assessment, and are comprised of checklists on soil slopes. Database including engineering properties of soil is constructed through the field survey and results from previous studies for The Mt. Hwangryoeng area at center of Busan. All data related to creating the thematic maps was carried out using ArcGIS 10.0. Results from using this method indicated that soil slope are evaluated from very stable to stable. Moderate stability has been partially presented along the edge of mountain. Results from landslide hazard maps can be used to prevent damage from landslides and facilitate appropriate land use planning.

Dynamic characteristics analysis of partial-interaction composite continuous beams

  • Fang, Genshen;Wang, Jingquan;Li, Shuai;Zhang, Shubin
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.195-216
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    • 2016
  • The dynamic characteristics of continuous steel-concrete composite beams considering the effect of interlayer slip were investigated based on Euler Bernoulli's beam theory. A simplified calculation model was presented, in which the Mode Stiffness Matrix (MSM) was developed. The natural frequencies and modes of partial-interaction composite continuous beams can be calculated accurately and easily by the use of MSM. Proceeding from the present method, the natural frequencies of two-span steel-concrete composite continuous beams with different span-ratios (0.53, 0.73, 0.85, 1) and different shear connection stiffnesses on the interface are calculated. The influence pattern of interfacial stiffness on bending vibration frequency was found. With the decrease of shear connection stiffness on the interface, the flexural vibration frequencies decrease obviously. And the influence on low order modes is more obvious while the reduction degree of high order is more sizeable. The real natural frequencies of partial-interaction continuous beams commonly used could have a 20% to 40% reduction compared with the fully-interaction ones. Furthermore, the reduction-ratios of natural frequencies for different span-ratios two-span composite beams with uniform shear connection stiffnesses are totally the same. The span-ratio mainly impacts on the mode shape. Four kinds of shear connection stiffnesses of steel-concrete composite continuous beams are calculated and compared with the experimental data and the FEM results. The calculated results using the proposed method agree well with the experimental and FEM ones on the low order modes which mainly determine the vibration properties.

Route Optimization for Emergency Evacuation and Response in Disaster Area (재난지역에서의 대피·대응 동시수행을 위한 다중목적 긴급대피경로 최적화)

  • Kang, Changmo;Lee, Jongdal;Song, Jaejin;Jung, Kwangsu
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.617-626
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    • 2014
  • Lately, losses and damage from natural disasters have been increasing. Researchers across various fields in Korea are trying to come up with a response plan, but research for evacuation plans is still far from satisfactory. Hence this paper proposes a model that could find an optimized evacuation route for when disasters occur over wide areas. Development of the model used methods including the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm, feasible path method, genetic algorithm, and pareto efficiency. Computations used parallel computing (SPMD) for high performance. In addition, the developed model is applied to a virtual network to check the validity. Finally the adaptability of the model is verified on a real network by computating for Gumi 1stNational Industrial Complex. Computation results proved that this model is valid and applicable by comparison of the fitness values for before optimization and after optimization. This research can contribute to routing for responder vehicles as well as planning for evacuation by objective when disasters occur.

Development and Review of Virtual Reality Fire-Training Program (공동주택 화재를 대상으로 한 가상현실(VR) 프로그램 개발 및 호응도 조사)

  • Kim, Yong-Cheol;Jeong, Mu-Heon;Lyu, Chung;Kim, Sun-Gyu
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.33 no.6
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2019
  • This study aims to minimize casualties in the event of an apartment fire by developing a virtual reality (VR) fire-training program (using the latest IT techniques) and verifying its validity as a learning tool. For this purpose, environmental parameters, such as the unit floor's size and the composition of the family, were established. Then, possible fire scenarios that could occur in the apartment building were developed and implemented in a VR setting. Finally, a survey was conducted to review the responses to the program. The results of the survey demonstrated that the responses were positive, confirming the effectiveness of the program.