• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.786-791
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 기존 실내 위치인식 시스템들이 가지는 신호 간섭과 측위 오차 등 제한점들을 최소화하고자, 전파 가시성이 뛰어나고 정밀 측위가 가능한 스마트 LED 기반 측위 시스템을 구성하여 실내 위치인식 정밀도를 개선하고자 한다. 이를 위해 스마트 LED의 SMPS 보드에 IEEE 802.4 Zigbee 모듈을 탑재하고 이동체 태그로부터 RSSI와 LQI 신호를 수신하여 게이트웨이를 통해 측위 서버로 전달하는 시스템을 구성하였다. 실험을 위해 게이트웨이, 스마트 LED 모듈 등 필요한 하드웨어는 별도로 설계하였으며, 외부 현장 사무실에서 시스템 구성 후 실험을 진행하였다. 스마트 LED에서 수신되는 이동체의 신호와 함께, 방향 센서로부터 획득한 이동체의 벡터 값을 전달하여 측위 서버에서 복합연산을 수행한 결과, 측위 오차가 70cm 이내로 이루어짐을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 기존 근거리 무선통신 기반 시스템보다 측위오차가 대폭 개선된 결과로서, 상용화 제품을 구현할 수 있는 수준을 보여준 것이라 할 수 있다. 또한, 본 실험 결과를 기반으로, 향후 신호 간섭이 상존하는 다양한 환경에서 시스템 성능을 튜닝할 경우, 신규 LED 설치 건물에서 위치 측위용으로 다양한 응용으로 사용이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2021

Mooring systems are among the most important elements employed to control the motion of floating offshore structures on the sea. Considering the use of polymer material, a new method is proposed to address the creep characteristics rather than the method of using a tension load cell for measuring the tension of the mooring line. This study uses a synthetic mooring rope made from a polymer material, which usually consists of three parts: center, eye, and splice, and which makes a joint for two successive ropes. We integrate the optical sensor into the synthetic mooring ropes to measure the rope tension. The different structure of the mooring line in the longitudinal direction can be used to measure the loads with the entire mooring configuration in series, which can be defined as SMART (Smart Mooring and Riser Truncation) mooring. To determine the characteristics of the basic SMART mooring, a SMART mooring with a diameter of 3 mm made of three different polymer materials is observed to change the wavelength that responds as the length changes. By performing the longitudinal tension experiment using three different SMART moorings, it was confirmed that there were linear wavelength changes in the response characteristics of the 3-mm-diameter SMART moorings. A 54-mm-diameter SMART mooring is produced to measure the response of longitudinal tension on the center, eye, and splice of the mooring, and a longitudinal tension of 100 t in step-by-step applied for the Maintained Test and Fatigue Cycle Test is conducted. By performing a longitudinal tension experiment, wavelength changes were detected in the center, eye, and splice position of the SMART moorings. The results obtained from each part of the installed sensors indicated a different strain measurement depending on the position of the SMART moorings. The variation of the strain measurement with the position was more than twice the result of the difference measurement, while the applied external load increased step-by-step. It appears that there is a correlation with an externally generated longitudinal tensional force depending on the cross-sectional area of each part of the SMART mooring.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2022

사회가 발전하고 복잡해짐에 따라 재난의 종류도 미세먼지, 전염병 등과 같이 새롭고 다양하게 발생하고 있다. 하지만 기존에는 이러한 재난에 대비할 수 있는 정확한 정보를 제공하는 전관방송 시스템이 없었다. 본 논문에서는 공공 데이터와 IoT 센서로부터 수집된 오염된 대기질 데이터를 분석하여 자동으로 경보를 방송하는 전관방송 시스템을 제안한다. 대기질에 따라 경보의 단계가 달라지며, 공공데이터에서 제공하는 정보는 측정소로부터의 거리나 풍향 등 다양한 요인으로 인해 안내 지역과 상당한 차이가 있는 결과를 나타내기도 한다. 이를 보완하기 위해 공공데이터에서 가져온 데이터와 현장 IoT센서에서 얻은 데이터를 비교 분석하여 방송하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1267-1267
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• 2001

The existing fruit sorter has the method of tilting tray and extracting fruits by the action of solenoid or springs. In peaches, the most sort processing is supported by man because the sorter make fatal damage to peaches. In order to sustain commodity and quality of peach non-destructive, non-contact and real time based sorter was needed. This study was performed to develop peach sorter using near-infrared spectroscopy in real time and nondestructively. The prototype was developed to decrease internal and external damage of peach caused by the sorter, which had a way of extracting tray with it. To decrease positioning error of measuring sugar contents in peaches, fiber optic with two direction diverged was developed and attached to the prototype. The program for sorting and operating the prototype was developed using visual basic 6.0 language to measure several quality index such as chlorophyll, some defect, sugar contents. The all sorting result was saved to return farmers for being index of good quality production. Using the prototype, program and MLR(multiple linear regression) model, it was possible to estimate sugar content of peaches with the determination coefficient of 0.71 and SEC of 0.42bx using 16 wavelengths. The developed MLR model had determination coefficient of 0.69, and SEP of 0.49bx, it was better result than single point measurement of 1999's. The peach sweetness grading system based on NIR reflectance method, which consists of photodiode-array sensor, quartz-halogen lamp and fiber optic diverged two bundles for transmitting the light and detecting the reflected light, was developed and evaluated. It was possible to predict the soluble solid contents of peaches in real time and nondestructively using the system which had the accuracy of 91 percentage and the capacity of 7,200 peaches per an hour for grading 2 classes by sugar contents. Draining is one of important factors for production peaches having good qualities. The reason why one farm's product belows others could be estimated for bad draining, over-much nitrogen fertilizer, soil characteristics, etc. After this, the report saved by the peach grading system will have to be good materials to farmers for production high quality peaches. They could share the result or compare with others and diagnose their cultural practice.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2023

It is well known that polycrystalline ceramics fabricated via the templated grain growth method along a desired crystallographic direction, generally along [001], exhibits enhanced piezoelectric response. Generally, the piezoelectric properties of textured ceramics depend on the degree of texture, as piezoelectric properties peak in single crystals. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the degree of texture and piezoelectric properties is fundamental. Here, we present state-of-the-art textured piezoceramics by focusing on critical issues such as the quality of templates used for texturing and proper evaluation of the degree of texture analysis. The relationship between the degree of texture and its impact on the properties of textured materials is exclusively defined by the Lotgering factor (L.F.) calculated from the X-ray diffraction profiles. Additionally, we show that L.F. is not a suitable indicator of the degree of texture, contrary to previous interpretations. This statement was further supported by the fact that the true degree of texture can be better quantified by the multiples of random distribution. This argument was justified by comparing the quantitative values of the degree of texture obtained from both methods to those of the piezoelectric charge coefficient of textured and random ceramics.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

코로나19의 심화로 인해 고강도 사회적 거리두기가 장기화되고 많은 사회적 문제를 나았다. 특히 비대면 체계로 인해 물리적, 심리적 고립이 발생하였고 많은 피해가 발생하였다. 코로나로 인한 여러 사회적 문제들은 코로나19로 피해를 입은 모든 사람들에게 심한 스트레스로 작용하여 결국엔 우울증 등의 정신건강을 위협하는 요소로 작용되었다. 정신질환을 겪는 사람들은 늘어나는 반면 실제로 정신건강 서비스 이용률은 저조한 상황이기 때문에 정신건강 문제를 겪고 있는 사람들을 위한 시스템 구축이 필요한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우울증 대상자와 일반인 대상자로부터 스마트폰을 이용한 센서 정보를 바탕으로 우울증 탐지 및 위급상황 탐지모델을 구축하였다. 우울증 탐지와 위급상황 탐지를 위해 VAE, DAGMM, ECOD, COPOD, LGBM 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 연구 결과로 우울증 탐지 모델은 F1 score 0.93, 위급상황 탐지 모델은 F1 score 0.99의 성능의 모델을 구축하였다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2023

This paper identifies the aspects of living environment elements (PM^2.5, PM¹⁰, Noise) throughout Seoul and the urban characteristics that affect them by utilizing the big data of the S-Dot sensors in Seoul, which has recently become a hot topic. In other words, it proposes a big data based urban computing research methodology and research direction to confirm the relationship between urban characteristics and living environments that directly affect citizens. The temporal range is from 2020 to 2021, which is the available range of time series data for S-Dot sensors, and the spatial range is throughout Seoul by 500mX500m GRID. First of all, as part of analyzing specific living environment patterns, simple trends through EDA are identified, and cluster analysis is conducted based on the trends. After that, in order to derive specific urban planning factors of each cluster, basic statistical analysis such as ANOVA, OLS and MNL analysis were conducted to confirm more specific characteristics. As a result of this study, cluster patterns of environment elements(PM^2.5, PM¹⁰, Noise) and urban factors that affect them are identified, and there are areas with relatively high or low long-term living environment values compared to other regions. The results of this study are believed to be a reference for urban planning management measures for vulnerable areas of living environment, and it is expected to be an exploratory study that can provide directions to urban computing field, especially related to environmental data in the future.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.84-94
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• 1996

In order to prevent shell sticking by providing sufficient lubrication between the strand and the mold, the mold oscillation has been used. Now it is well known that the shape of the oscillation curve has a decisive effect on the surface quality of the cast product. Besides, oscillation parameters such as stroke and frequency are also very important. In order to guarantee that parameters which have been found to be optimal for a certain grade of steel do not change with time, periodical checks of the physical condition of the whole equipment are necessary. The portable mold oscillation analyzer with integrated computer, developed by POSCO, records the movement of the mold in every spatial direction. The system uses the gap sensors to measure the mold movement (displacement ) in the two horizontal directions according to the mold narrow and broad faces and the vertical strokes in the four corners of mold. The gap sensor is a non-contacting minute displacement measuring device using the principle of high frequency eddy current loss. The mold oscillation diagnosis system integrates the gap sensors, their converters and the industrial portable computer with plug-in data acquisition boards. The all programs, such as the fast Fourier transformation module (amplitude and phase spectrums) and harmonic analysis module, was coded by LabVIEW$^{TM}$ software as the graphical language. In an own 'expert module' which is included in the diagnosis program, one can obtain much information about the mold oscillation equipment.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.291-295
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• 2022

본 논문은 시민들의 Life Style 변화에 대응하고 송산그린시티의 미래상을 달성하기 위해 기술과 주거, 산업, 관광레저 등 기능이 상호 효율적으로 융합된 환경친화적 첨단도시를 건설하기 위하여 스마트도시에 적용한 u-상수도 관로파손감지시스템 구축기술에 대하여 기술하기로 한다. 관로파손감지시스템은 송산그린시티 동측지구내 상수도관 상부에 설치되는 스마트예방시트, 관로파손감지기, 관파손감지 소프트웨어, 서버 등으로 구성되며 중앙제어부(관파손감지소프트웨어, 서버)는 화성시 맑은물사업소내에 설치되어 SKT의 WCDMA방식의 무선통신망을 통하여 현장에서 화성시로 데이터를 전송하고 있다. 본 시스템은 굴착공사중 시설물 파손을 예방하고 관로 손상여부를 실시간으로 감지하여 이벤트 발생위치를 관리자에게 알려주여 누수손실을 예방하여 시설물의 수명연장을 도모한다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2023

A space system refers to a network of sensors, ground systems, and space-craft operating in space. The security of space systems relies on information systems and networks that support the design, launch, and operation of space missions. Characteristics of space operations, including command and control (C2) between space-craft (including satellites) and ground communication, also depend on wireless frequency and communication channels. Attackers can potentially engage in malicious activities such as destruction, disruption, and degradation of systems, networks, communication channels, and space operations. These malicious cyber activities include sensor spoofing, system damage, denial of service attacks, jamming of unauthorized commands, and injection of malicious code. Such activities ultimately lead to a decrease in the lifespan and functionality of space systems, and may result in damage to space-craft and, lead to loss of control. The Cybersecurity Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK) matrix, proposed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research and Engineering (MITRE), consists of the following stages: Reconnaissance, Resource Development, Initial Access, Execution, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, Defense Evasion, Credential Access, Discovery, Lateral Movement, Collection, Command & Control, Exfiltration, and Impact. This paper identifies cybersecurity activities in space systems and satellite navigation systems through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s standard documents, former U.S. President Trump's executive orders, and presents risk management activities. This paper also explores cybersecurity's tactics attack techniques within the context of space systems (space-craft) by referencing the Sparta ATT&CK Matrix. In this paper, security threats in space systems analyzed, focusing on the cybersecurity attack tactics, techniques, and countermeasures of space-craft presented by Space Attack Research and Tactic Analysis (SPARTA). Through this study, cybersecurity attack tactics, techniques, and countermeasures existing in space-craft are identified, and an understanding of the direction of application in the design and implementation of safe small satellites is provided.