• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.601-616
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• 2022

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution technology, the inclusion of personalized nutrition for healthcare (PNH), when establishing a healthcare platform to prevent chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, and inflammatory diseases, enhances the national competitiveness of global healthcare markets. Furthermore, since the government experienced COVID-19 and the population dead cross in 2020, as well as numerous health problems due to an increasing super-aged Korean society, there is an urgent need to secure, develop, and utilize PNH-related technologies. Three conditions are essential for the development of PNH technologies. These include the establishment of causality between obesity genome (genotype) and prevalence (phenotype) in Koreans, validation of clinical intervention research, and securing PNH-utilization technology (i.e., algorithm development, artificial intelligence-based platform, direct-to-customer [DTC]-based PNH, etc.). Therefore, a national control tower is required to establish appropriate PNH infrastructure (basic and clinical research, cultivation of PNH-related experts, etc.). The post-corona era will be aggressive in sharing data knowledge and developing related technologies, and Korea needs to actively participate in the large-scale global healthcare markets. This review provides the importance of scientific evidence based on a huge dataset, which is the primary prerequisite for the DTC obesity gene-based PNH technologies to be competitive in the healthcare market. Furthermore, based on comparing domestic and internationally approved DTC obese genes and the current status of Korean obesity genome-based PNH research, we intend to provide a direction to PNH planners (individuals and industries) for establishing scientific PNH guidelines for the prevention of obesity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.73-80
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• 2015

Starting the popularity of Korean dramas exported to China in 1996, the Korean wave started around the world market. Afterwards, as the Korean culture itself as well as dramas rapidly emerged as contents of the Korean market, the foreign direct sale consumers who want to buy Korean goods directly online are increasing at an alarming rate. This study each selected 4 domestic shopping malls and 4 foreign famous shopping malls which were conducting a global marketing currently and compared/researched them in the design aspect in order to apprehend if domestic online shopping malls were properly meeting the consumer environment of the foreign market. As a result, it was revealed that domestic online shopping malls conducting the global marketing could not fully understand the internet environment by countries and were going through a limit of the information delivery by SMS, and could not use the visual signs actively which were useful to the meaning delivery. Accordingly, this thesis suggested a plan to actively utilize the variable element considering various screens to the design, plan to efficiently design the text for solving the language problem by countries, and plan to design using the developing IT technology as a solution to those problems.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.879-889
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dimensions of clothing benefits sought of male and female consumers in their twenties. It also aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics associated with customers types and the relationship among the related variables by the consumers types. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test, cluster analysis, and $X^2$-test. The results of this study are as follows: 1) The clothing benefits consisted of five factors, which were the pursuit of style, individuality, popular brand, vogue, and practicality. Based on these five factors, respondents were classified into four consumer types, which were style-and-trend-oriented, practicality-oriented, popular brand-oriented, and fashion indifference consumers. 2) In terms of the demographics, there were significant differences in age, gender, and total income among the consumer types of clothing benefits. 3) There was a significant difference in single brand loyalty in terms of the consumers types of clothing benefits. The popular brand-oriented group showed the highest mean in the single brand loyalty, while the practicality-oriented group did the lowest. 4) There were significant differences in the selection of the stores among consumers types of clothing benefits. Specifically, the style-and-trend-oriented group the most selected department stores, while practicality-oriented group chose fashion outlets or online shopping malls the most. Additionally, in terms of the information sources, the style-and-trend-oriented group the most frequently used magazine ads, while the popular-brand-oriented group preferred commercials on TV or radio, direct mail, or flyers from department stores. On the other hand, the fashion indifference group the most frequently used mass media.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4968-4979
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Socioeconomic factors on medical information resources when medical consumer choose inpatient or outpatient services. The target population was 12,249 people aged above 19 in Chungcheongbuk-do. The sample was accrued for the period of 3 months in 2008 by face to face interview of direct visiting from systematic sampling method. There was a significant difference in the use of personal informer and public informer by sex(p<0.001). There was a significant difference in the use of experimental and professional informer by living area(p<0.001). In conclusion, the results suggest that there is relationship between medical information resource and socioeconomic factors of medical consumer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.609-620
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• 1999

The purpose of the study were first to propose and determine the influence of sensation seeking tendency on exploratory behavior related to clothing would be mediated by consumer's clothing involvement and second to examine whether sensation seeking tendency is applicable variable on segmenting market expecially using underlying factors of sensation seeking tendency. A questionaire was developed and data were collected from 342 women ranged in age from 0 to 34 years. They were conveniently selected as a proper sample for applying and examining sensation seeking tendency. Arousal seeking tendency scale(Mehrabian & Russel 1974) was selected for operationalizing sensation seeking tendency and exploratory behavior related to clothing. As a result of regression the indirect effect mediated by clothing involvement of sensation seeking tendency on exploratory behavior was larger than the direct one. The influences of factors of sensation-seeking tendency behavior was larger than the direct one. The influences of factors of sensation-seeking tendency were also investigated. The influence of change-seeking tendency and new enviornment seeking tendency was considerably mediated by clothing involvement but that of risk-seeing tendency was not. Artistic sensation seeking tendency had little effect on clothing involvement and exploratory behavior related to clothing. As a result of regression the indirect effect mediated by clothing involvement of sensation seeking tendency on exploratory behavior was larger than influence of change-seeking tendency and new enviornment seeking tendency was considerably mediated by clothing involvement but that of risk-seeking tendency was not. Artistic sensation seeking tendency had little effect on clothing involvement and exploratory behavior related to clothing.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.484-494
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• 2000

Objective : To evaluate the relative benefits and the costs associated with the introduction of the new pharmaceutical provision called 'Mandatory Prescription System' which separates the role of physicians from that of pharmacists with respect to the prescription and dispensation of from the perspective of consumers (i.e., patients). Methods : The costs of the system were measured by considering both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs included additional payments for ambulatory care and dispensing fees that occurred under the new system. indirect costs consisted of transportation expenses and costs related to time spent for physician consultation, waiting for the prescriptions to be filled, and extra traveling. Benefits identified in this study were the reduction of drug misuse and overuse, and the overall decrease in drug consumption among the Korean population. Sensitivity analysis was peformed for the inclusion of benefits for outpatients of hospitals, price elasticity, and increased fees for established patients. Results : The net benefit was estimated to be about minus 1,862 billion won and the benefit-cost ratio was 0.478. This indicates that the costs of 'Mandatory Prescription' outweigh its benefits, relative to the previous system. The sensitivity analysis results for all the variables considered in this study consistently showed the benefit-cost ratio to be less than 1. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that implementing Mandatory Prescription System in Korea might be inefficient from the consumer's perspective. The results of this study do not coincide with the results of previous studies, presumably because of the differences in study design and in which items of costs and benefits were considered.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2014

Ink-jet printing technology has been widely attractive due to its facility for direct and fine printing on various substrates. Recent studies have focused on expanding the application of ink-jet printing technology from general consumer use and design companies to the prototype production of precision parts and parts manufacturing. The use of ink-jet printing technology in decorated tableware, tiles, and other ceramic products also has many advantages. The printing process is fast and can be adaptable to various kinds of objects because there is no direct contact point between the printer and the substrates to be printed. For application to ceramic product decoration, inks containing highly dispersed inorganic nano-pigments are required. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of blue $CoAl_2O_4$ nanopigment for ink-jet printing. Blue ceramic ink based on the obtained $CoAl_2O_4$ pigment was prepared by dissolving $CoAl_2O_4$ pigment in a mixed solution of ethylene glycol and ethanol with volume ratios of 7:3 and 8:2, respectively, to obtain the appropriate viscosity for ink-jet printing. The ink solution contained 15 wt% of $CoAl_2O_4$ pigment and Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as dispersive agents. The prepared blue ceramic ink was stably jetted and formed a sphere-shaped droplet from an ink-jet printer.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.49-73
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• 2010

The lack of customer satisfaction and trust remains a key barrier to electronic commerce. From the standpoint of online merchants, it is critical to build consumer trust by lessening sources of apprehensions and uneasiness associated with online transactions. This paper explores the relationships between customer satisfaction and intermediary's trustworthiness factors in B2C e-marketplaces. It also aims at examining the effects of consumer characteristics, including propensity to trust and Internet shopping self-efficacy, upon trust and purchase intentions. To meet the research objectives, an empirical study has been conducted by surveying 223 active e-marketplace buyers in Korea. The findings of the present research indicate that customer satisfaction positively affects all the three attributes of trustworthiness (i.e., competence, benevolence, and integrity), and more specifically it has a quite strong association with benevolence. In addition, propensity to trust has no significant influence on trust or purchasing intentions, and only affects benevolence and integrity with no direct effect on competence. Finally, Internet shopping self-efficacy was found to affect both trust and purchasing intentions, suggesting that e-marketplaces seek an online strategy designed to strengthen loyalty for customers with high self-efficacy, while they use a strategy to improve the usability and usefulness of their website to attract customers with low self-efficacy. The paper concludes with implications and directions for future research.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.285-297
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• 2019

Retail firms have begun to pursue the marketing strategies, which stimulate consumers' sensibility and lead people to purchase their products. The visible effects of visual merchandising (VM) arouse consumers' interest and play an effective role in having busy people efficiently choose products. Apparel retail stores such as SPA use the offline store to be the experiential environment of their branding. Consumers' sensitivity and response toward various visual merchandising strategies needs to be accessed. The purpose of this study is to identify VM consciousness and VM evaluation attribute factors. Relationship of such variables with other variables were accessed. As consequence variables, product satisfaction and unplanned purchase behavior were included in the study. An empirical survey data was collected from men and women of various ages. Results indicated that VM consciousness and VM evaluation attribute factors were not correlated with consumer demographic variables. VM evaluation attributes were factored into appropriateness, attractiveness and functionality dimensions. Clothing involvement and brand orientation significantly influenced product satisfaction and unplanned purchase. The direct and indirect effect (via VM consciousness) were significant. For unplanned purchase, brand orientation only had indirect effect. The influence of VM evaluation attribute factors were significant. Appropriateness had stronger effect on product satisfaction whereas attractiveness had stronger effect on unplanned behavior. Functionality dimension had only indirect effect on product satisfaction but did not show significant direct and indirect effects on unplanned purchase. This study identified the pivotal role of VM consciousness in various shopping and purchasing circumstances in offline retail store of apparel brands.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

This study suggest the development and application of the Interactive Design Toolkit as a participatory design method for general customer who are non-expert on design activity to participate in design process of mass customization. In order to let general customers to express their design needs, we have to make a familiar and direct communication method for them. And, customer's design needs should be transformed into digital media. This study define the Interactive Design Toolkit as a design tool for customer participation by direct manipulation of computer system for simulation of design needs by customer themselves. The Interactive Design Toolkit is based on a PC-based image perception system and its application. User can make virtual models in virtual space by manipulating physical objects in real world. And, The toolkit can be used in the field of participatory design for deliverer side customization, especially in system kitchen which is manufactured and distributed in modular system. More improved design toolkit for manipulating 3 dimensional shape is needed for consumer product design and car styling.