• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1974

The results from the experiment of natural collection and growth of arkshell(Anadara broughtoni, SCHRENCK) spat, which was collected at Seok-gok Bay located at Chang-weon-gun, Korea, and grown in the 1ittoral zone of Sa-gok-ri, Geo-je-gun, Korea, beginning from August 1,1973 to April 8,1974 are as follows; The larvae of arkshell came out from the very first day of the study August 1, which continued till the end of September, whose amount was not so much varied, but relatively continuous. The drifting larvae were also rather small amount, from which some 200 to 400 larvae were attached through the respective collecting equipment made from straw with the dimension of length 1.5m and breadth 12cm. It is regarded relatively large amount collected and recognised worth while enough to use as the industrial collecting method. The average shell length of spat attached was 0.54mm on 17th September, 4.11mm on 21st October, 10.47mm on 25th November in 1973 and 11.08mm on 8th April in 1974 whose progress was recognized relatively faster, comparing with the other up-to date report, The relationship between the shell length(L) and the longest radial rib(R) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.7393 L -0.0080 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: R=0.8253 L-0.2595 And the relationship between the shell length (L) and the shell breadth (B) was as follows: Below 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.3505 L +0.0527 Above 2.5mm of the shell length: B=0.4631 L -0.3602 The exponential curve equation between shell length (L) and the total weight (W)was as follows : Below 16mm of the shell length: W=0.19957 $L^{2.5726}$ Above 16mm of the shell length: W=0.20602 $L^{2.8400}$ In view of the above the relative growth among the shell length, the longest radial rib and the shell breadth was changed in the vicinity of 2.5mm of the shell length. And relationship between the shell length and the total weight was changed in the vicinity of 16mm of the shell length.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2002.01a
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• pp.86-106
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• 2002

Informatization is a process that corporation's external environmental factors and internal environmental factors influence as complex. is a phenomenon that appears via this process. To evaluate that informatization was propeled well or informatization level is high can be dangerous work extremely by only once-over-lightly some factors, organization information ability is superior or infrastructure is constructed well. Therefore, an evaluation for industrial information systems that consider corporation's external environment and internal environment configurationally and objective estimation through this is required in national dimension. This research sorted types of business using types of business classification of 2001 EIII(Evaluation Indices of Industrial Informatization) laying stress on corporation's product and product production process for reflecting various industrial classification. And we are dividing whole our country corporations by manufacture industry, the construction industry, distribution industry, service industry, banking industry 5 types of business. To see such classed types industry classification from consistent viewpoint, we saw them within new framework, purchase, operation, physical distribution, marketing and sale. service etc. laying stress on primary businesses except support businesses of planning, financial management etc. To draw special quality of business center from primary business of each types of business, we draw industry classification Key Capability that centers when plans corporation's corporate strategy and information strategy. And we deducted industrial classification key production business connected with industry classification Key Capability. After drawing an evaluation items for industrial information systems in informatization analysis viewpoint laying stress on drawn businesses. Finally we did Case Study by making out an evaluation for industrial information systems questionnaire that considers special quality of manufacturing industry. Through EIII that consider the industrial classification, we could know that it explains the corporation's purchase, production, distribution in general and detail.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.2
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• pp.188-194
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• 1993

A natural Quercus variabilis forest and a Populus alba${\times}$P. glandulosa plantation in Mt. Mohu area were studied to investigate aboveground biomass and net production. A $20m{\times}30m$ quadrat was set up in each stand, and 10 sample trees each of Quercus variabilis and Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa were cut for dimension analysis. There was little difference in accuracy among three biomass regression models of logWt=A+BlogD, $logWt=A+BlogD^2H$, and logWt=A+BlogD+ClogH, where Wt. D, and H were dry weight, DBH, and height, respectively. Aboveground total biomass of Quercus variabilis stand was 31,275kg/ha, and that of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa was 55,581kg/ha. In both of Quercus variabilis stand and Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa stand, the proportion of each tree component to abovegound total biomass was high in order of stem wood, branches, stem bark, and leaves. Quercus variabilis stand was higher in the proportion of stem bark, branches and leaves than Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa stand, while the former was lower in that of stem wood than the latter. Aboveground total net production of Quercus variabilis stand was 4,267kg/ha/yr., and that of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa stand was 3,903kg/ha/yr. The proportion of each tree component to aboveground total net production of Quercus variabilis stand was high in order of leaves, stem wood, branches, and stem bark. That of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa stand was high in order of stem wood, leaves, branches, and stem bark. Net assimilation rate and efficiency of leaf to produce stem of Quercus variabilis stand were 2.121 and 0.840, respectively. Those of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa stand were 3.376 and 2.085, respectively. Though Populus alba${\times}$P. glandulosa stand was lower in aboveground total net production than Quercus variabilis stand, the former was higher in aboveground total biomass than the latter. The reason was that Populus alba${\times}$P. glandulosa stand was higher in net production of stem wood of accumulation organs than Quercus variablis stand.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 1983

According to the worldwide decreasing tendency in raw materials and increase in wood demands since 1970, the efficient utilization of raw materials was required internationally. Therefore this study dealt with the dimensional characteristics of branchwood fiber of Quercus serrata Thunb for the complete utilization of whole tree. According to the branch individuals, parts and positions within a tree, fiber length, width and wall-thickness were measured. The results obtained are as follows: 1) As the height of individual branchwood increases from ground toward, fiber length and width, and wall-thickness decreased linearly and their regression equations obtained, were Y=770.03-22.643X, Y=27.444-0.71385X and Y=12.308-0.57320X respectively 2) From the main stem to branch in distal direction, fiber length, width and wall-thickness linearly decreased and their regression equations obtained were Y=752.70-0.6724X, Y=26.152-0.0084867X and Y=11.258-0.006205X, respectively. 3) As the radial direction from pith to hark increases, fiber length, width and wall-thickness increased linearly and their regression equations obtained were Y=679.73+11.231X Y=25.382+0.0925X and Y=10.521+0.11787X, respectively. 4) Mean value of fiber length, width and wall-thickness were 625-765, 26 and $11{\mu}m$, respectively.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-31
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• 2007

While trust and commitment are core mediating variables for the purpose of maintaining the long-term relationship, in the context of the characteristics of company and the relationship performance of its members, there have been limited studies which explore as to how each of the dimensions has affects differently. The basic purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between an automobile manufacturer and its agencies. The main purpose of this study is to examine how each different dimension of trust and commitment on the automobile manufacturer has different mediating effects between the characteristics of company(organization characteristics, relationship characteristics) and relationship performance perceived by its agents. Another purpose is to investigate the mechanism by which the relationship performance of the agencies is improved. An empirical study surveying 115 sales office managers at a leading automobile manufacturer in Korea was conducted. An analysis of the collected data indicates that while the characteristics of company have a positive influence on the agencies' relational performance through the mediating role of both trust of benevolence and commitment, agencies' trust of their headquarter's benevolence has a different influence on the dimensions of commitment. Finally, the authors discussed some theoretical contributions and managerial implications. And then, they presented limitations of this study and the future research directions.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.555-568
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• 2004

The demand of aggregate resources in Korea has been increased with a rapid economic growth since the 1980s. About 25% of the total aggregate production is derived from riverine aggregates, 20% to 25% from marine sands, 40% to 45% from crushed aggregate and the rest 5% to 15% from old fluvial deposits. The abundance of crushed coarse aggregates varies in the uniform distribution of country, but in general it can be concentrated in the most densely populated areas, five main cities. Typical rock types of the Korean crushed stones are classified as plutonic rocks of 27%, metamorphic rocks of 32%, sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks of 18%, respectively. The most abundant coarse aggregate used in the country is obtained from granite (25% of total) and subordinately gneiss (20%), sandstone (10%) and andesite (10%). Although rock types using as dimension stone are only fifteen, those as aggregate amount up to twenty nine rocks. These rocks consist of plutonic rocks such as granite, syenite, diorite, aplite, porphyry, felsite. dike and volcanic rocks such as rhyolite, andesite, trachyte, basalt, tuff, volcanic breccia and metamorphic rocks such as gneiss, schist, phyllite, slate, meld-sandstone, quartzite, hornfels, calc-silicate rock, amphibolite. And sandstone, shale, mudstone, conglomerate, limestone, breccia, chert are main aggregate sources in tile sedimentary rocks. The abundance of plutonic rocks is the highest in Chungcheongbuk-do, and decreases as the order of Jeollabuk-do, Gangwon-do and Gyeonggi-do. In Jeollanam-do, volcanic aggregates occupy above 50%, on the contrary sedimentary aggregates are above 50% in Gyeongsangnam-do.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.201-205
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• 2007

Purpose: This retrospective study was conducted to assess outcome and to determine the prognostic factors in patients with a desmoid tumor treated with postoperative radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven patients with a desmoid tumor who were treated with postoperative radiotherapy between June 1984 and October 2005 were analyzed. There were 13 male and 14 female patients. The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 79 years (median age, 28 years). Tumors were located in an extra-abdominal area (21 cases), and in the abdominal walls (6 cases). The tumor size ranged from 2.5 to 25 cm (median size, 7.5 cm) in the largest linear dimension. Thirteen cases received radiotherapy after initial surgery, and 14 recurrent cases received radiotherapy after additional surgery. The total radiation dose given was $45{\sim}66$ Gy (median dose, 59.4 Gy), and the fraction size was $1.8{\sim}2.0$ Gy. Results: The median follow-up period was 61 months (range, $12{\sim}203$ months). Two patients developed local progression and six patients experienced local recurrence. The 5-year disease-free survival rate and the 5-year progression-free survival rate were 61 % and 70%, respectively. Wide local excision was associated with better disease free survival with statistical significance (p=0.028). Radiotherapy after initial surgery (p=0.046) and a higher radiation dose of more than 60 Gy (p=0.049) were associated with better progression free survival with statistical significance. At the time of the last follow-up, the number of additional surgeries was higher in patients that received radiotherapy after reoperation (p<0.001). Conclusion: Radiotherapy after the initial operation improved local control and decreased the number of subsequent operations. Thus, postoperative radiotherapy after an initial operation is recommended in patients with a high risk of recurrence for a desmoid tumor.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.79-106
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• 2016

Service innovation is one means of gaining an advantage in a highly competitive environment. Although numerous studies have stressed the importance of service innovation, traditional good-dominant logic is still used in service innovation literature. Furthermore, few studies have been conducted on the link between service innovation and its antecedents in terms of service-oriented approach. To fill the gap, this article theoretically and empirically examines service innovation and its antecedents and consequences. Based on service-dominant logic and resource advantage theory, the current study aims to understand the effect of antecedents on service innovation as well as to identify the effect of service innovation on firm performance (i.e., non-financial and financial performance). Three service innovation activities, namely service creation-focused innovation, service delivery-focused innovation, and customer interaction-focused innovation, and four antecedents of service innovation, including human resource management capability, collaboration capability, marketing capability, and information technology capability, are identified based on Den Hertog (2000)'s service innovation framework. By using the empirical data collected from 189 service firms in Korea, this study explores the causal relationship among antecedents, service innovation and firm performance. Findings indicate that human resource management and marketing capabilities influence the three types of service innovation, whereas collaboration and information technology capabilities have a significant effect on both service creation-focused innovation and service delivery-focused innovation. In particular, human resource management capability is strongly related to customer interaction-focused innovation. The three types of service innovation have a positive influence on non-financial performance, whereas service delivery-focused innovation and customer interaction-focused innovation positively influence financial performance. These results support the crucial effects of antecedents, such as human resource management, collaboration, marketing and information technology capabilities, on service innovation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.1 s.258
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

Background: The radial arteries are being used more often for coronary artery bypass grafting, We tried to the endoscopic radial artery harvest to reduce the cosmetic problems and neurologic complications of the conventional open harvesting and report the techniques and early results. Material and Method: The 86 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting between May 2003 and April 2005 had their nondominant radial artery endoscopically removed through a 2 cm incision at the wrist. The radial pedicle was dissected and was divided at antecubial area through a 5 mm counterincision. Result: The 23 patients complained of neuralgias on territory of superficial raidal none but no one complained of neuralgias on territory of lateral antebrachial cutaneous none. There was no functional impairment of the hand. There was no wound complication except a localized hematoma. All patients were contacted by telephone after postoperative 7.9$\pm$3.6 months. The 4 patients still complained of neuralgia. All the patients were satisfied with the aesthetics of the wounds. The multidetectional tomography was done on the 66 patients for the estimation of early patency of radial artery. There were 2 cases of stenosis and a case of occlusion. Conclusion: Endoscopic radial artery harvest had no functional impairment of the hand, lesser rate of neurologic complications and outstanding aesthetics. The results of early patency of the radial artery was similar to conventional methods. Therefore, we think that endoscopic radial artery harvest is the optimal procedure.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2011

Trickling filter has been extensively studied for the domestic wastewater treatment especially for the small scale plants in rural area. The purpose of this research is to survey the physical and microbial characteristics of wood chip media and the removal efficiency of animal wastewater using wood chip trickling filter system. The trickling filtration system comprises a filtration bed packed with wood chip media having a particle dia. of 5~7cm. The method comprises natural air from the bottom of the bed. The system also comprises a control mechanism including a time a constant discharge pump for controlling supply of the wastewater into the bed. The following conclusions were obtained from the results of this research. 1. The specific surface area of wood chip was 0.4123 $m^2$/g, pore volume was 0.0947 $cm^3$/g, density was 0.49 g/$cm^3$. It has forms of parallelogram and oblong which have numerous small pore space. This wood chip has been good condition for microorganism's habitat, having very larger specific surface area by complex the three dimension structure of cellulose at wood's major ingredients. 2. The total counts of in attached aerobic microbes were ranged from $10^6$ to $10^8$ CFU/g, and anaerobes microbial numbers were from $10^4$ to $10^7$. The aerobic microbial numbers appeared to be much more than those of anaerobic microbial numbers. 3. The average efficiency of $BOD_5$ and CODcr were 74.5% and 51.5%, respectively. The removal efficiency of T-N and T-P were 61.4%, 56.2%, respectively. But SS removal levels remain 19.3%.