• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.163-171
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• 2007

The present study approached the characteristics of various space compositions in contemporary residential architecture through the concept of ex-formality, and found that ex-formal spaces are composed through the variation of floor, wall, ceiling or roof and derived four types of ex-formal space composition - ex-cubic space composition using folding, plastic space composition using the plasticity of concrete, atypical space composition using geometric manipulation, and non linear space composition using digital technology. Based on this, additionally, we derived elements expressing the characteristics of ex-formal space composition, which are obliqueness, inclination, flexibility in ex-cubic space composition using folding, plasticity and fluidity in plastic space composition using the plasticity of concrete, ex-construction, dynamism and asymmetry in atypical space composition using geometric manipulation, and flexibility, fluidity, self similarity and plasticity in non linear space composition using digital technology. On the other hand, this study purposed to help understand various space expression patterns of contemporary residential architecture by analyzing how these types of ex-formal space composition and polysemous expression characteristics have been represented in contemporary residential architecture since the 1990s.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2007

This study is about the TV Electronic Program Guide (EPG) design to which Perceived Information Architecture (PIA) based on user-experience is applied. The function-oriented information architecture is not friendly for user to search channels, while Multi-channels of EPG system provides users with opportunities to select a variety of channels. Because the menu structure of EPG user interface system is not compatible with the user experience. Therefore, this study presented a user-experience-based methodology and proposed a new solution for the information architecture of user-centered EPG system design.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

Vincenzo Scamozzi as the successor of Palladio stands as a major accomplishment of the task of cleanup to the classicism in 16th century. In addition, unlike the trend seen over Palladian, he shows succession and change of Renaissance villa. "L'Idea dell' Archittectura Universale; The Idea of a Universal Architecture"(1615) is a book of Scamozz's representative. This book is represented his idea for a residential building. His concepts for a residential building were analyzed through the analysis of his book and work. Scamozzi thought that domestic architecture should be designed according to he owner's social status and reputation. These concepts as decorum and this is divided into three categories. This is a threefold order, the first category and highest encompassing reigning princess and their families, who were more or less regarded as God's representatives on earth. The second category comprised noblemen and high office holders whose houses were to be, in all respects, a degree less grand, costly and dignified than the prince's residence. The third category was made up of prominent citizens and wealthy merchants whose houses were to have only moderate commoner did not come into this classification at all. - the magnifiche, honorevoli, and commune style of speech.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2007

After 20th century, The using of data tend to important in a sphere of architecture. The recent European including MVRDV, Rem Koolhaas, Van Verkel and Zaha Hadid tend to the their own design strategy based on the objective data. This architectural design method leads to make new paradigm of contemporary architecture. For the purpose of the understanding a part of new architecture paradigm(datascping), I will analyze the relation of Thing system and Formation system in 36 works of MVRDV from 1992 to 2006. As a results are as follows. The purpose The results of this research are as follows: First, The physical and social elements(Thinking system) are density of site, networking, lighting & vista, micro-climate, energy, noise & vibration, life style, city, communication and variety. Second, The Formation system is layering & stacking, open & close, folding & extending and eco-friendly design. Finally, the major matrix of MVRDV's works is pragmatic and systematic approach to the lighting, climate and variety of community.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.615-622
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• 2007

A game engine should have the architecture that can manage various interactions between entities in a game for offering users various game experience. For this purpose, the game engine architecture based on message system is used. But only by this message based system, it is difficult to change game world continuously according to some storylines. The reason of this is event-driven system like message based system is appropriate for processing individual message but is not appropriate for processing more bigger logical work unit. For this purpose this paper proposes the storyline entity. The storyline entity has logical flows for a storyline and is called by engine continuously. By this proposed game engine architecture he or she can maintain free game experience by message based system and can add some progressing of storylines.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.22-31
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare calculated pollutant loadings using pollutant load unit factors and vector type coverage, and expected mean concentration(EMC) and raster type of digital elevation model(DEM). This study is also focusing on comparison of the advantages and the disadvantages of the two methods, and seeking for a method of calculation of pollutant loadings using DEM. Estimation of pollutant inputs using pollutant load unit factors has limitations in identifying seasonal variations of pollutant loadings. Seasonal changes of runoffs should be considered in the calculation of pollutant loadings from catchments into reservoirs. Evaluation of pollutant inputs using runoff-coefficient and EMC can overcome these drawbacks. Proper EMC and runoff-coefficient values for the Koeup stream catchments of the Koheung estuarine lake were drawn from review of related papers. Arc/Info was employed to establish database of spatial and attribute data of point and non-point pollutant sources and characteristics of the catchments. ArcView was used to calculate point and non-point pollutant loadings. Pollutant loads estimated with either unit factors-coverages, i.e., pollutant load unit factors and vector coverages f point sources and land use, or EMC and digital elevation mode(DEM) were compared with stream monitoring loads. We have found that some differences were shown between monitoring results and estimated loads by Unit Factors-Coverage and EMC-DEM. Monthly variations of pollutant loads evaluated with EMC-DEM were similar to those with monitoring result. The method using EMC-DEM can calculate accumulated flows and pollutant loads and can be utilized to identify stream networks. A future research on correcting the difference between vector type stream using flow direction grid and digitalizing vector type should be conducted in order to obtain more exact calculation of pollutant loadings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.4
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• pp.50-59
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• 1998

This paper describes a 3.3V 8bit CMOS digital to analog converter (DAC) with two state current cell metrix architecture which consists of a 4 MSB and a 4 LSB current matrix stage. The symmetric two stage current cell matrix architecture allow the designed DAC to reduce hot only a complexity of decoding logics, but also a number of wider swing cascode curent mirros. The designed DAC with an active chip area of 0.8 mm$_{2}$ is fabricated by a 0.8 .mu.m CMOS n-well standard digital process. The experimental data shows that the rise/fall time, the settling time, and INL/DNL are6ns, 15ns, and a less than .+-.0.8/.+-.0.75 LB, respectively. The designed DAC is fully operational for the power supply down to 2.0V, such that the DAC is suitable for a low voltage and a low power system application. The power dissipation of the DAC with a single power supply of 3.3V is measured to be 34.5mW.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.43 no.5 s.149
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• pp.611-618
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• 2006

Recently, cryogenic butterfly valves for LNG carriers are actively developed by ship equipment companies. The dual core structure unlike usual butterfly valve has both translation and gyration motions of the disk of the valve assembly. Especially, the ship equipment companies can not have overcome 2D design method; in addition, even though 2 years of development has passed, the drawing cannot be secured. In this research, for the cryogenic butterfly valves and the product design, 3D design method was introduced and DMU(Digital Mockup) was applied to complement the problems in 2D design and investigate application possibility of 3D design method.

• Architectural research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

Over the past decade, building information modeling (BIM) has gained a foothold in the construction sector. However, as digital data generated in the virtual space of a computer environment, BIM-based data have an inherent limitation in their application efficacy under field conditions. To overcome this, the present study employs augmented reality (AR) to reduce the discrepancy between the digital data generated in virtual spaces and real-world conditions. We assessed the potential applicability of an AR-based interface by analyzing existing examples of Apple, Google, and Facebook, which reflect the recent developments of technologies focusing on user experience. We then proceeded with an AR study, restricting the scope of application to a mobile environment in which an efficient information transmission between a digital model and real life can take place. Object-oriented software engineering was employed to ensure an efficient implementation of a BIM-based AR system for campus space management (CSM) in a mobile environment. Finally, we conducted a module test to check the reliability of the CSM method by using an AR-based mobile system with a prototype of the model used in university campuses, and extracted and itemized the supplementary requirements for CSM by using BIM tools for running AR applications.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.355-358
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• 2010

As CMOS technology continues to scale down, signal processing is favorably done in the digital domain, which requires Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter to be integrated on-chip. This paper presents a design methodology of 12-bit 1-MS/s Rail-to-Rail fully differential SAR ADC using Deep N-well Switch based on binary search algorithm. Proposed A/D Converter has the following architecture and techniques. Firstly, chip size and power consumption is reduced due to split capacitor array architecture and charge recycling method. Secondly, fully differential architecture is used to reduce noise between the digital part and converters. Finally, to reduce the mismatch effect and noise error, the circuit is designed to be available for Rail-to-Rail input range using simple Deep N-well switch. The A/D Converter fabricated in a TSMC 0.18um 1P6M CMOS technology and has a Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion-Ratio(SNDR) of 69 dB and Free-Dynamic-Range (SFDR) of 73 dB. The occupied active area is $0.6mm^2$.