• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2012

Purpose: Mass can compress around tissue and cause deviation of normal anatomical structures. Often, mass grows toward neurovascular pedicle and encircles depending on the nature of mature mass. Neglecting neurovascular involvement of the mass is a serious problem not to be overlooked. Authors have performed microscopic approach regarding mass involving the neurovascular pedicle in the hand. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 through February 2012, retrospective analysis for nine cases of mass involving neurovascular pedicles was done. Patients were evaluated preoperatively by ultrasonography or MRI and checked intraoperative finding. Masses were evaluated by site, preoperative evaluation, involved neurovascular pedicle, histopathologic diagnosis, complication, and recurrence. Results: The site of mass involving neurovascular pedicles was 4 cases on the wrist, 2 cases on the palm, 2 cases on the finger, 1 case on the hand dorsum. Involved neurovascular pedicles were 3 radial arteries and nerves, 3 proper digital arteries and nerves, 1 radial artery, 1 superficial branch of radial nerve, 1 common digital artery and nerve. The histopathologic diagnosis of mass were 3 ganglions, 2 giant cell tumors, 2 epidermal cysts, 1 fibroma, and 1 benign spindle tumor. There were 2 cases of recurrence and secondary excisions were performed. Conclusion: Neurovascular pedicle injury can lead to serious complication like sensory and motor disorders, distal part ischemia, and so on. In case of mass suspected neurovascular invasion, accurate preoperative evaluation such as ultrasonography or MRI is necessary. To prevent any neurovascular related complication during mass excision, delicate surgical technique using a microscope becomes essential.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.596-607
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• 2020

Scaling is an important operation because of the iterative nature of arithmetic processes in digital signal processors (DSPs). In residue number system (RNS)-based DSPs, scaling represents a performance bottleneck based on the complexity of intermodulo operations. To design an efficient RNS scaler for special moduli sets, a body of literature has been dedicated to the study of the well-known moduli sets {2ⁿ - 1, 2ⁿ, 2ⁿ + 1} and {2ⁿ, 2ⁿ - 1, 2ⁿ⁺¹ - 1}, and their extension in vertical or horizontal forms. In this study, we propose an efficient programmable RNS scaler for the arithmetic-friendly moduli set {2^n+p, 2ⁿ - 1, 2ⁿ⁺¹ - 1}. The proposed algorithm yields high speed and energy-efficient realization of an RNS programmable scaler based on the effective exploitation of the mixed-radix representation, parallelism, and a hardware sharing technique. Experimental results obtained for a 130 nm CMOS ASIC technology demonstrate the superiority of the proposed programmable scaler compared to the only available and highly effective hybrid programmable scaler for an identical moduli set. The proposed scaler provides 43.28% less power consumption, 33.27% faster execution, and 28.55% more area saving on average compared to the hybrid programmable scaler.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 C시 사례를 중심으로 행정구역 개편에 대한 사례를 살펴보고 우리나라 행정구역 개편에 있어서의 시사점을 밝혀보고자 한다. 연구대상 기업도시지역에는 2개의 면단위 지역과 1개의 읍지역으로 구성이 되어 있다. 그렇다면 과연 이들 지역은 신도시라는 거대한 메가폴리스로 하나의 행정구역으로 통합하는 것이 옳은 것인가 ? 아니면 그대로 분리하는 것이 옳은 것인가 ? 이러한 질문을 가지고 본 연구는 시작되었다. 본연구에서는 행정구역 개편과 관련된 이론들에 대한 문헌연구를 하고, 해당 신도시 지역의 관련 이슈들을 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 행정구역 개편을 추진함에 있어 고려해야 할 정책적 시사점을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, 다양한 이해관계자들의 협조와 이해가 필요하다. 둘째, 통합 시 통합의 목표 및 비전을 제시해야 한다. 셋째, 통합 전 충분한 검토가 필요하다. 넷째, 공동체를 존중하는 것이 중요하다. 다섯째, 이해관계 집단의 양보와 조정이 필요하다. 여섯째, 행정구역 개편과정은 절대적으로 민주적이고 공정해야 한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.637-642
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• 2012

Background Fingertip injuries involving subtotal or total loss of the digital pulp are common types of hand injuries and require reconstruction that is able to provide stable padding and sensory recovery. There are various techniques used for reconstruction of fingertip injuries, but the most effective method is functionally and aesthetically controversial. Despite some disadvantages, cross-finger pulp flap is a relatively simple procedure without significant complications or requiring special techniques. Methods This study included 90 patients with fingertip defects who underwent cross-finger pulp flap between September 1998 and March 2010. In 69 cases, neurorrhaphy was performed between the pulp branch from the proper digital nerve and the recipient's sensory nerve for good sensibility of the injured fingertip. In order to evaluate the outcome of our surgical method, we observed two-point discrimination in the early (3 months) and late (12 to 40 months) postoperative periods. Results Most of the cases had cosmetically and functionally acceptable outcomes. The average defect size was $1.7{\times}1.5$ cm. Sensory return began 3 months after flap application. The two-point discrimination was measured at 4.6 mm (range, 3 to 6 mm) in our method and 7.2 mm (range, 4 to 9 mm) in non-innervated cross-finger pulp flaps. Conclusions The innervated cross-finger pulp flap is a safe and reliable procedure for lateral oblique, volar oblique, and transverse fingertip amputations. Our procedure is simple to perform under local anesthesia, and is able to provide both mechanical stability and sensory recovery. We recommend this method for reconstruction of fingertip injuries.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2007

Introduction: Microsurgical replantation of amputated digit have become common procedure in recent years. However replantation of fingertip amputation, Zone I by Yamano classification, is still difficult because digital arteries branch into small arteries and also digital veins are hard to separate from the immobile soft tissue. So, fingertip amputation was covered by volar V-Y flap, composite graft, cross finger flap and groin flap. But patients who have been treated by these methods experience shortening of digit, nail deformity, excessive tenderness and persistent pain. Replantation could solve most of these problems. Material & Methods: In our department, from March 2004 to August 2007, 36 digits in 32 patients with complete amputation at distal to nail base were replanted using a microsurgical technique. Results: The overall survival rate of the replanted finger was 75%. Venous anastomosis was possible in 8 cases and impossible in 28 cases. In latter cases external bleeding technique was applied with medical leech. Conclusion: After replantation, a few patient complained decreased sensibility, nail deformity and cold intolerance. But most of patients were satisfied with the functional and cosmetic appearance of the viable replanted digits. We believe the replantation should be the first choice in fingertip amputation.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-30
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently, replantation of fingertip amputation, Zone I by Yamano classification, is still difficult because digital arteries branch into small arteries and also digital veins are hard to separate from the immobile soft tissue. However the replantation of fingertip in adults is a well-established procedure, but the replantation in infant or child is still uncommon. Therefore we present one case of replantation of the fingertip of the small finger in 12-months-old patient. Methods: We experienced a 12-months-old male amputation of small finger. It had been amputated completely at the level of Zone I by Yamano classification. Replantation was performed using the arteryonly technique with neither vein nor nerve repair. Because the artery has been damaged, it is still possible to make a direct suture by transposing the arterial arch in an inverted Y to I arterial configuration. Venous drainage was provided by an external bleeding method with partial nail excision and repaired margin for approximately 7 days. Results: We were performed replantation in infant with only-arterial anastomosis successfully, result in good recovery of aesthetic and functional outcome. Conclusion: In conclusion, although fingertip injury was difficult to replantation in infant and child, we must try it. Because of its functional and cosmetic advantage.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

In this paper, it will study various problems such as personal information infringement from when using various useful Apps in the Smartphone environment. It also researched the vulnerabilities Mobile Apps and the risks of personal information leakage when using Smartphone information to decrease threat and find solution. In the second chapter, it will check the existing Mobile App related Apps. In the third chapter, it will check the threats and major factors that caused by the leakage of personal information which related to the app. Then it will suggest solution and end with conclusion. This paper also looked at various problems that caused by illegal adverse effect from illegal personal information collection. Then it researched and made suggestion to make consideration on safety of personal information and privacy infringement that threat to personal information For safety of mobile banking, it proposed a safety method to separate and manage the code which has the core logic which required to run the App. For safety of direction App, when running the direction App, even if the information is collected, location information for unauthorized accessed will encrypt and store in DB, so that access to personal information is difficult. For delivery App environment, by using the national deliver order call center's representative phone to receive a telephone order then, the customer information is delivered to the branch office when it receive order and it will automatically delete information from the server when the delivery is completed by improving DB server of order. For the smart work app environment, the security solution operates automatically by separating and make independent private and work areas. Then it will suggest initialization for company's confidential business information and personal information to safe from danger even if loss.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2014

IT 서비스 및 컴퓨팅 자원을 기반으로 인터넷 서비스를 제공하는 클라우드 컴퓨팅이 최근 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 클라우드 컴퓨팅 시스템에 저장되는 데이터는 암호화한 후 저장되어도 기밀 정보가 유출되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 사용자가 클라우드 컴퓨팅 시스템에서 제공되는 데이터를 제 3자가 임의로 악용하는 것을 예방하기 위한 그룹 키 관리 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 프로토콜은 임의의 사용자가 원격에서 클라우드 컴퓨팅 서버에 접근할 경우 서버에 존재하는 사용자 인증 데이터베이스내 사용자 정보를 일방향 해쉬 함수와 XOR 연산을 사용하여 사용자 인증을 제공받는다. 도한 사용자의 신분확인 및 권한을 연동하여 클라우드 컴퓨팅 시스템에 불법적으로 접근하는 사용자를 탐색함으로써 클라우드 컴퓨팅의 사용자 보안 문제를 해결하고 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2014

최근 풍력에너지는 풍력터빈의 지능화뿐만 아니라 풍력 발전량 예측 부분에서 컴퓨팅과의 결합이 확대되고 있다. 풍력 발전은 기상상태에 따라 출력변동이 심하고 출력 예측이 어려워 효율적인 전력 생산을 위해서 신재생에너지를 전력계통에 안정적으로 연계할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 분산형 전원의 예측정보를 향상시켜 예측한 발전량과 실제 발전량의 차이를 최소화하기 위한 분산형 전원전력의 단기예측 모델을 설계한다. 제안된 모델은 단기 예측을 위해서 물리모델과 통계모델을 결합하였으며, 물리모델에서 생산된 격자별 예측값 중 예측 지점내 예측지점의 값을 추출하고, 물리 모델 예측값에 통계모델을 적용하여 발전량 산정을 위한 최종 기상 예측값을 생성한다. 또한, 제안 모델에서는 실시간 기상청 관측자료와 실시간 중기 예측 자료를 입력 자료로 사용하여 단기 예측모델을 수행한다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2007

디지털 홀로그래피를 이용하여 얻어진 위상정보는 위상펼침 알고리즘을 이용하여 3차원 상을 구현할 수 있다. 위상펼침 방법에는 다양한 알고리즘이 사용되고 있다. 이중 연산 시 사용하는 메모리용량이 작고 연산시간이 짧은 골드스타인 알고리즘이 많이 사용된다. 골드스타인 알고리즘은 쌍을 이루는 특이점이 아닌 다른 특이점이 가까울 때 잘못된 연산을 수행하여 잘못된 3차원 정보를 준다. 이러한 골드스타인 알고리즘의 오류를 특이점과 경계면 데이터를 이용하여 수정하였다. 수정된 알고리즘을 이용하면 분해 한계 영역의 데이터도 복원될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 수정된 알고리즘의 연산시간은 골드스타인 알고리즘보다 약 10%가 증가되지만 다른 알고리즘에 비하면 연산시간이 짧다.