• Title/Summary/Keyword: Differential Expression

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Effects of Environmental factors on Elytra Colored Patterns of Multicolored Asian Lady Beetles, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (환경요인이 무당벌레(Harmonia axyridis)의 초시무늬 변이에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Eun-Jin;Jo, Chang-Wook;Park, Cho-Rong;Yoon, Kyu-Sik;Kang, Min-A;Kwon, Hae-Ri;Seo, Mi-Ja;Yu, Yong-Man;Youn, Young-Nam
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.459-466
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    • 2009
  • There was different between two differential geographical and environmental condition areas on elytra color expression patterns of the multicolored Asian lady beetles (Harmonia axyridis). Especially, it was investigated that expression rates of melanic patterns (conspicua, spectabilis and axyridis) relatively increased in overwintering populations collected in highly mean temperature and longer cumulative daylength area. In addition, in the same collection site, the seasonal difference had influenced on color patterns of H. axyridis. Although these effects didn't were not observed in the laboratory, environmental conditions such as temperature or cumulative daylength might be factors that gave an effect on color pattern formation.

Effect of Foeniculi Fructus on the Ovarian Function and Gene Expression of Caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in Female Mice (소회향(小茴香)이 자성(雌性)생쥐의 생식능력과 Caspase-3, MAPK 및 MPG 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Mi-Hye;Park, Young-Sun;Kim, Dong-Chul
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.38-56
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of administration of Foeniculi Fructus on ovarian functions and differential gene expressions related cell viability such as caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Methods: We administered the Foeniculi Fructus to 6-week-old female CF-1 mice for 4, 8, 12 days. After administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$ concentration in the comparison of control group with $0\;mg/m{\ell}$, we observed the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes. After entosomatic fertilization, we observed the rate of fertilized 2-cell embryos to blastocyst stage in vitro. Also we chose the caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair by RT-PCR. Results: 1. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes were increased in the comparison of control group. 2. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the rates of blastocyst formation from 2-cell stages were increased in the comparison of control group. 3. In case of 4, 8, 12day administration of Foeniculi Fructus with 0.1, 1, 10, $100\;mg/m{\ell}$, the gene expression of caspase-3, MAPK, MPG didn't show significant result in the comparison of control group. Conclusion: This study shows that Foeniculi Fructus has significant effects on the increase of the function on ovulation and embryonic development of female mice. But this results have nothing to do with caspase-3, MAPK and MPG genes. So we need a further study for which genes are related to the activation of reproductive functions of Foeniculi Fructus.

Transcription Factor for Gene Function Analysis in Maize (옥수수 유전자 기능 분석을 위한 전사인자의 이해)

  • Moon, Jun-Cheol;Kim, Jae Yoon;Baek, Seong-Bum;Kwon, Young-Up;Song, Kitae;Lee, Byung-Moo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.59 no.3
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    • pp.263-281
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    • 2014
  • Transcription factors are essential for the regulation of gene expression in plant. They are binding to either enhancer or promoter region of DNA adjacent to the gene and are related to basal transcription regulation, differential enhancement of transcription, development, response to intercellular signals or environment, and cell cycle control. The mechanism in controlling gene expression of transcription can be understood through the assessment of the complete sequence for the maize genome. It is possible that the maize genome encodes 4,000 or more transcription factors because it has undergone whole duplication in the past. Previously, several transcription factors of maize have been characterized. In this review article, the transcription factors were selected using Pfam database, including many family members in comparison with other family and listed as follows: ABI3/VP1, AP2/EREBP, ARF, ARID, AS2, AUX/IAA, BES1, bHLH, bZIP, C2C2-CO-like, C2C2-Dof, C2C2-GATA, C2C2-YABBY, C2H2, E2F/DP, FHA, GARP-ARR-B, GeBP, GRAS, HMG, HSF, MADS, MYB, MYB-related, NAC, PHD, and WRKY family. For analyzing motifs, each amino acid sequence has been aligned with ClustalW and the conserved sequence was shown by sequence logo. This review article will contribute to further study of molecular biological analysis and breeding using the transcription factor of maize as a strategy for selecting target gene.

Proteome Analysis of Responses to Ascochlorin in LPS-induced Mouse Macrophage RAW264.7 Cells by 2-D Gel Electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS. (LPS로 자극된 macrophage RAW264.7 세포에서 ascochlorin에 대한 단백질체 분석)

  • Chang, Young-Chae
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.814-825
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    • 2008
  • Ascochlorin (ASC) is prenyl-phenol compound that was isolated from the fungus Ascochyta viciae. ASC reduces serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and suppresses hypertension, tumor development, ameliorates type I and II diabetes. Here, to better understand the mechanisms by which ASC regulates physiological or pathological events and induces responses in the pharmacological treatment of inflammation, we performed differential analysis of the proteome of the mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells in response to ASC. In this study, we used a proteomic analysis of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells treated by ASC, to identify proteins potentially involved in inflammatory processes. The RAW264.7 cell proteomes with and without treatment with ASC were compared using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-D SDS-PAGE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and bioinformatics. The largest differences in expression were observed for the calreticulin (4-fold decrease), ${\beta}-actin$ (4-fold decrease) and vimentin (1.5-fold decrease). In addition, rabaptin was increased 3-fold in RAW264.7 cells treated with ASC. The expression of some selected proteins was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis.

Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 on Cell Adhesion, Surface Molecule Expression and Morphological Changes (Ginsenoside Rb1의 세포간 유착, 세포표면 단백질 발현 및 세포형태변화에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Byung-Hun;Cho, Jae-Youl
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.330-336
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    • 2009
  • Cell-cell adhesion managed by various adhesion molecules is known to be one of important phenomena found in numerous immunological responses or diseases such as immunostimulation, rheumatoid arthritis and allergic diseases. In this study, we examined the regulatory role of ginsenosides (G)-Rb1, reported to display immunostimulatory and anticancer effects, on cell adhesion, the up-regulation of surface adhesion molecules and morphological changes using monocytic U937 and macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. G-Rb1 significantly up-regulated U937 cell-cell adhesion mediated by both CD29 and CD43. It also enhanced U937 cell-fibronectin adhesion, while CD29 blocking antibody P5D2 strongly suppressed it. In agreement, this compound also significantly increased the surface level of CD29 as well as CD43. Furthermore, this compound differentially modulated CD82 up-regulation and morphological changes triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Therefore, these results suggest that G-Rb1 may have differential modulatory function on cell adhesion events, surface molecule expression and morphological changes responsible for immune responses.

Camphor Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation via Its Impact on SMO-dependent Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling (Camphor의 Hedgehog 신호 SMO 조절을 통한 지방구세포 분화 억제효과)

  • Choi, Jae Young;Lim, Jong Seok;Lee, Ja Bok;Yang, Yung Hun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.30 no.11
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    • pp.973-982
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we examined inhibition of adipocyte differentiation associated with the administration of camphor, a substance identified in extracts of the flowering plant Chrysanthemum indicum L. (CI). No camphor-mediated cytotoxicity was observed over a period of 1-10 days in studies targeting cells of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte-like line. Experiments that featured siRNA-mediated suppression of the transmembrane proteins Patched (PTCH) and Smoothened (SMO) resulted in inhibition and activation of differentiation, respectively. Interestingly, inhibition of PTCH typically activates SMO protein targeting and serves to activate hedgehog (HH)-mediated signaling. The results of our study suggest that activation of HH-mediated signaling can inhibit adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, expression of glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 (Gli1) was detected by flow cytometry in 62.7±1.5% of cells in response to administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (KCTC 3237) and in 60.4±2.2% of cells in response to camphor; these levels are higher than those detected in undifferentiated controls (24.9±3.1%). No change in the state of fermented camphor was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but a 15.41% quantitative increase was confirmed in KCTC 3237. Overall, we conclude that administration of camphor resulted in overexpression of SMO and modulated the differential expression of Gli1. Animal studies focused on the impact of camphor as an agent to counteract obesity might be considered in the future. Indeed, camphor and similar physiologically active compounds from fermented CI might be developed as new and effective treatments for obesity.

Generation of Transgenic Plant (Nicotiana tabacum var. Petit Havana SR1) harboring Bacillus thuringiensis Insecticidal Crystal Protein Gene, cry II A (Bacillus thuringiensis 살충성 결정단백질 유전자(cry II A)의 형질전환 식물 제작)

  • 이정민;류종석;권무식
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.305-311
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    • 1997
  • Bacillus thuringiensis, a gram-positive soil bacterium, is characterized by its ability to produce crystalline inclusions during sporulation. The crystal proteins exhibit a highly specific insecticidal activity. An insecticidal crystal protein (ICP), Cry II A, is specifically toxic to both lepidopteran and dipteran insects. In this study, tobacco plants transformed by the cry II A gene have been generated. The Cry II A crystal protein was purified from E. coli JM103 harboring cry II A gene by differential solubility. The activated Cry II A was prepared by tryptic digestion. The purified protoxin (70 kDa) and the activated toxin (50 kDa) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. To generate the transgenic tobacco having cry II A gene, the cry II A gene was subcloned to a plant expression vector, pSRL2, having two CaMV 35S promoters. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into tobacco (N. tabacum var. Petit Havana SR1) by Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc transformation. Through the regeneration, six putative transgenic tobacco plants were obtained and three transformants were confirmed by Southern blot analysis. It has been found that one plant had single copy of cry II A gene, another had two copies of the gene, and the third had a truncated gene. After the immunochemical confirmation of cry II A expression in plants, the transgenic tobacco plants will be used to study the genetics of future generation with the insecticidal crystal protein gene cry II A.

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Enhanced Sensitivity and Long-Term G2/M Arrest in Adriamycin-treated DNA-PK-null Cells are Unrelated to DNA Repair Defects (DNA-PK-null 세포주의 adriamycin 처리에 의한 G2/M 세포주기 변화)

  • Kim, Chung-Hee;Kim, Jong-Soo;Van Cuong, Dang;Kim, Na-Ri;Kim, Eui-Yong;Han, Jin
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.241-247
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    • 2003
  • While the DNA-protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex, comprised of DNA-PKcs and Ku80, is primary involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, it is also believed to participate in additional cellular processes. Here, treatment of embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from either wild-type (Wt) or DNA-PKcs-null (DNA-$PKcs^{-/-}$) mice with various stress inducing agents revealed that adriamycin was markedly more cytotoxic for $Ku80^{-/-}MEFs$ and led to their long-term accumulation in the $G_2$/M phase. This differential response was not due to differences in DNA repair, since adrimycin-triggered DNA damage was repaired with comparable efficiency in both Wt and $Ku80^{-/-}MEFs$, but was associated with differences in the expression of important cell cycle regulatory genes. Our results support the notion that Ku80-mediated cytoprotection and $G_2$/M-progression are not only dependent on the cell's DNA repair but also may reflect Ku80's influence on additional cellular processes such as gene expression.

Comparative Differential Expressions of Porcine Satellite Cell during Adipogenesis, Myogenesis, and Osteoblastogenesis

  • Jeong, Jin Young;Kim, Jang Mi;Rajesh, Ramanna Valmiki;Suresh, Sekar;Jang, Gul Won;Lee, Kyung-Tai;Kim, Tae Hun;Park, Mina;Jeong, Hak Jae;Kim, Kyung Woon;Cho, Yong Min;Lee, Hyun-Jeong
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.225-232
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    • 2013
  • Satellite cells were derived from muscular tissue in postnatal pig. Satellite cell is an important to growth and development in animal tissues or organs. However, the progress underlying induced differentiation is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphologic and the transcriptome changes in porcine satellite cell (PSC) treated with insulin, rosiglitazone, or dexamethasone respectively. PSC was obtained from postnatal muscle tissue. In study 1, for study the effect of insulin and FBS on the differentiated satellite cells, cells were cultured at absence or presence of insulin treated with FBS. Total RNA was extracted for determining the expression levels of myogenic PAX3, PAX7, Myf5, MyoD, and myogenin genes by real-time PCR. Myogenic genes decreased expression levels of mRNA in treated with insulin. In study 2, in order to clarify the relationship between rosiglitazone and lipid in differentiated satellite cells, we further examined the effect of FBS on lipid accumulation in the presence or absence of the rosiglitazone and lipid. Significant differences were observed between rosiglitazone and lipid by FBS. The mRNA of FABP4 and $PPAR{\gamma}$ increased in rosiglitazone treatment. In study 3, we examined the effect of dexamethasone on osteogenic differentiation in PSC. The mRNA was increased osteoblasotgenic ALP and ON genes treated with dexamethasone in 2% FBS. Dexamethasone induces osteoblastogenesis in differentiated PSC. Taken together, in differentiated PSCs, FABP4 and $PPAR{\gamma}$ increased to rosiglitazone. Whereas, no differences to FBS and lipid. These results were not comparable with previous reports. Our results suggest that adipogenic, myogenic, and osteoblastogenic could be isolated from porcine skeletal muscle, and identify culture conditions which optimize proliferation and differentiation formation of PSC.

Differential expression of glycoconjugates, estrogen receptor-α, c-fos and c-jun in the vagina of normal and ovariectomized rat (흰쥐 발정주기와 난소절제에 따른 질상피의 glycoconjugates, estrogen receptor-α, c-fos 및 c-jun 분포변화)

  • 최병태;길영기;김강련;김순옥;최영현;이준혁
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.317-324
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    • 2002
  • We investigated the compositional changes of glycoconjugates (GCs) and expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-$\alpha$, c-fos and c-jun in the vagina of normal and ovariectomized rats by histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The mucinous transformation of the superficial layer that occurred from late diestrus to proestrus was accompanied with extensive enrichment of GCs. According to the cyclic changes of the vagina, distinct reactivity patterns such as SBA affinity in the diestrus and Con A affinity in the diestrus and estrus phase was observed. However, weak staining for GCs was detected in the atrophied vaginal epithelium of ovariectomized rats. ER-$\alpha$ immunoreaction was mainly demonstrated in the basal layer of epithelium and estrus cycle-related variation in the number of ER-$\alpha$ immunoreaction were not pronounced. But the stromal cells showing ER-$\alpha$ immunoreaction were abundantly observed from diestrus to estrus phase. The most numerous c-fos immunoreactive cells were observed in the basal and intermediate layer of epithelium and stromal fells from the proestrus to estrus phase and c-jun in the basal layer of epithelium during estrus phase. The c-jun immunoreaction of stromal cells expressed only in the estrus phase. In the ovariectomized rats, a few of ER-$\alpha$, c-fos and c-jun immunoreactive cells were observed in the vaginal epithelium and no immunoreaction were found in the stromal cells. ER-$\alpha$ and c-fos immunoreaction fully expressed in the proestrus coincident with the cell proliferation, mutinous transformation and cornification of vaginal epithelium. These data indicate that vagina epithelium and stromal reals express multiple protein such as ER-$\alpha$, c-fos and c-iun by estrogen that may function in process of cells proliferation and differentiation of vagina epithelium.