• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2006

The intermediate conductance $Ca^{2+}-activated$ $K^+$ channels (SK4, IKCa1) are present in lymphocytes, and their membrane expression is upregulated by various immunological stimuli. In this study, the activity of SK4 was compared between Bal-17 and WEHI-231 cell lines which represent mature and immature stages of murine B lymphocytes, respectively. The whole-cell patch clamp with high-$Ca^{2+}$ ($0.8{\mu}M$) KCl pipette solution revealed a voltage-independent $K^+$ current that was blocked by clotrimazole (1 mM), an SK4 blocker. The expression of mRNAs for SK4 was confirmed in both Bal-17 and WEHI-231 cells. The density of clotrimazole-sensitive SK4 current was significantly larger in Bal-17 than WEHI-231 cells ($-11.4{\pm}3.1$ Vs. $-5.7{\pm}1.15$ pA/pF). Also, the chronic stimulation of B cell receptors (BCR) by BCR-ligation (anti-IgM Ab, $3{\mu}g$/ml, 8∼12 h) significantly upregulated the amplitude of clotrimazolesensitive current from $-11.4{\pm}3.1$ to $-53.1{\pm}8.6$ pA/pF in Bal-17 cells. In WEHI-231 cells, the effect of BCR-ligation was significantly small ($-5.7{\pm}1.15$ to $-9.0{\pm}1.00$ pA/pF). The differential expression and regulation by BCR-ligation might reflect functional changes in the maturation of B lymphocytes.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 1994

본 연구는 생쥐 배 발생과정의 상이한 발현을 RT-PCR법에 의해 무작위 증폭함으로서 새로운 유전자를 손쉽게 크로닝하기 위해 수행되었다. mRNA의 상이한 display법은 Ling 과 Pardee (Science 257, 1992)에 의해 개발되었으며, 최근 Zimermann과 Schultz (PNAS USA 91, 1994)에 의해 재증명되었다. 이 방법은 특정 유전자의 일시적 발현의 변화가 maternal 제어로부터 접합체 제어로의 이행에 따른 발현전이, 다정자 침입과 단일 정자 침입에 의한 배발생의 기능적 차이, 성공적으로 부화한 배반포기 배와 부화에 실패한 배반포기 배에서의 발현의 차이는 물론 세포주기에 따른 유전자 발현 양식의 변화에 따른 새로운 유전자의 크로닝을 가능케 한다. 이 방법에 의해, 2세포기 특이 발현 유전자를 크로닝 하였으며, 이 유전자는 EcoRI제한 효소 처리후 Southern blot을 행한 결과 약 15kb genomic size를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 이 새로운 유전자는 간장 특이적 발현을 나타내었다. 또한, 적어도 2개의 mRNA가 존재하였으며, 이는 RNA splicing에 의한 것으로 추정되었다. (PCR, RT-PCR, cloning, preimplantation, mouse)

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2018

Background: Red ginseng is a popularly used traditional medicine with antiaging effects in Asian countries. The present study aimed to explore the changes in protein expression underlying the mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging caused by red ginseng extract (RGE) in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: A proteomic approach of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify the differential abundance of possible target proteins of RGE in D. melanogaster. The reliability of the 2-DE results was confirmed via Western blotting to measure the expression levels of selected proteins. Proteins altered at the expression level after RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry and by searching against the National Center for Biotechnology nonredundant and Uniprot protein databases. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Results: The average survival life span of D. melanogaster was significantly extended by 12.60% with RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) compared to untreated flies. This followed increased superoxide dismutase level and decreased methane dicarboxylic aldehyde content. Based on the searching strategy, 23 differentially expressed proteins were identified (16 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated) in the RGE-treated D. melanogaster. Transduction pathways were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, and included the hippo and oxidative phosphorylation pathways that play important roles in life span extension and antiaging process of D. melanogaster. Conclusion: Treatment with RGE in D. melanogaster demonstrated that mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging are regulated by multiple factors and complicated signal pathways.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2012

Changes in the expression profiles of specific proteins leads to serious human diseases, including colitis. The proteomic changes related to colitis and the differential expression between tuberculous (TC) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in colon tissue from colitis patients has not been defined. We therefore performed a proteomic analysis of human TC and UC mucosal tissue. Total protein was obtained from the colon mucosal tissue of normal, TC, and UC patients, and resolved by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The results were analyzed with PDQuest using silver staining. We used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight spectrometry (MALDI TOF/TOF) to identify proteins differentially expressed in TC and UC. Of the over 1,000 proteins isolated, three in TC tissue and two in UC tissue displayed altered expression when compared to normal tissue. Moreover, two proteins were differentially expressed in a comparative analysis between TC and UC. These were identified as mutant ${\beta}$-actin, ${\alpha}$-enolase and Charcot-Leyden crystal protein. In particular, the expression of ${\alpha}$-enolase was significantly greater in TC compared with normal tissue, but decreased in comparison to UC, implying that ${\alpha}$-enolase may represent a biomarker for differential diagnosis of TC and UC. This study therefore provides a valuable resource for the molecular and diagnostic analysis of human colitis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.653-658
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• 2016

This investigation aimed to evaluate the differential expression of HoxB7 and notch genes in different developmental stages of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto. The expression of HoxB7 gene was observed at all developmental stages. Nevertheless, significant fold differences in the expression level was documented in the juvenile worm with 3 or more proglottids, the germinal layer from infected sheep, and the adult worm from an experimentally infected dog. The notch gene was expressed at all developmental stages of E. granulosus; however, the fold difference was significantly increased at the microcysts in monophasic culture medium and the germinal layer of infected sheep in comparison with other stages. The findings demonstrated that the 2 aforementioned genes evaluated in the present study were differentially expressed at different developmental stages of the parasite and may contribute to some important biological processes of E. granulosus.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2019

The epididymal fat of mouse is a part of visceral fat deposit and is divided into the distal or proximal part based on its histochemical characteristics. Even though the formation of the epididymal fat pad begins before the birth, a detailed adipogenic procedure of the epididymal fat has not been revealed. The epididymal fat pad becomes enlarged and expended with age, and expressional changes of numerous genes are associated with the maturation of fat tissues. In the present research, expressional patterns of adipose tissue-related genes in the distal epididymal fat of mouse at 2, 5, 8, and 12 months of postnatal age were determined by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The lowest transcript levels of fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4), lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg), leptin (Lep), adiponectin (Adipoq), and resistin (Retn) were detected at 2 months of age, except fatty acid synthase (Fasn) showing the lowest level at 5 months of age. Even though expression of Lep and Fabp4 were gradually increased until 12 months of age, significant increases of Pparg and Adipoq transcript levels were continued until 8 months of age. The transcript levels of Lpl, Rent, Dlk1, and Fasn were significantly increased at 8 months of age, compared with those at 2 months of age. The current findings suggest that the expansion of the distal epididymal fat of mouse during postnatal period would be companied with differential expression of various adipocyte-associated molecules.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2005

법랑아세포종은 1868년에 처음 보고된 이래 명칭, 발생기전, 분류 그리고 치료 방법 등에 관하여 수 많은 논란이 있어 왔는데 이는 법랑세포종이 양성종양임에도 불구하고 종양자체의 진행이 파괴적이고, 외과적 처치를 한 후에도 재발이 잘되며, 흔하지는 않지만 악성종양과 유사하게 전이를 보이는 등 독특한 특성을 지니고 있기 때문이다. 정상세포와 암 세포 간에 차이를 보이는 유전자 혹은 정상세포에서 변형이 일어날 때 특이적으로 발현하는 유전의 분리 및 분석하는 것은 암세포의 생성과정을 이해하는데 있어서 중요한 열쇠를 제공할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 RNA differential display 방법 중 재연성과 반복성이 개선된 Ordered differential display(ODD)RT-PCR과 보다 개선된 $GeneFishing^{TM}$기술을 이용하여 악성과 양성종양 사이의 유전자 발현의 차이를 조사하고, 특이 유전자의 profile을 확보하고자 하였다. $GeneFishing^{TM}$기술과 RT-PCR을 수행한 결과 nasopharyngeal carcinoma gene을 제외한 9개의 유전자는 악성에서 특이적으로 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 $GeneFishing^{TM}$을 이용하면 각 시료간의 mRNA 상에서 발현차이를 보이는 DEG를 비교 분석하면 암관련 유전자, 항생제 태성 유전자, 그리고 분화 관련 유전자들에 대한 연구가 용이하게 수행할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국유전체학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유전체학회 2006년도 The 15th Korean Genome Organization Conference KOGO 2006 Annual Meeting
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• pp.70-70
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• 2006

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.559-567
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• 2015

This paper gives the expression of dual quaternions and provides differential operators in dual quaternions. The paper also represents the derivative of dual quaternion-valued functions by using a corresponding Cauchy-Riemann system in dual quaternions.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1998년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.239.1-239
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text