• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.293-300
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• 2016

In the present study, we investigated the quality, sensory characteristics and commercialization potential of a rice collet snack made with the addition of dried shrimp. “Mild” and “spicy” snack products were produced with an edible oil coating and mixed seasoning powder coating, respectively. The approximate composition of the mild and spicy snacks, respectively, were 2.44% and 2.24% for moisture, 8.52% and 8.64% for crude protein, 18.36% and 26.54% for crude lipids, 1.28% and 1.38% for ash, 1.1% and 1.2% for salt, and 0.61 and 0.62 for pH. The L (lightness), a (redness), b (yellowness), and ⊿E (color difference) values were higher for the mild snack than the spicy snack. The mild and spicy snack had values of 7,776.4 and 7,655.8 mg/100 g for total amino acids, and 221.6 and 253.5 mg/100 g for total free amino acids, respectively. The TBA (thiobarbituric acid) value did not differ significantly between the two types of snack. The hardness value of the spicy snack was higher than that of the mild snack, but there were no significant differences in flavor between the two products. The sensory evaluation score of the spicy snack was slightly higher than that of the mild snack. Organoleptic inspection indicated that both snacks had a favorable, unique taste.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.461-467
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Q-ray view, a novel optical device on reliability of assessing a tooth status by dental hygiene students in the training for dental hygiene process. Twenty patients were enrolled in this study. Oral examinations were conducted by both seventeen third-year dental hygiene students and a trained faculty member. Traditional visual inspection was performed in phase I and then re-examined with Q-ray view in phase II. Restoration codes and lesion codes for each tooth were recorded separately according to the predefined criteria. As a measure of reliability, percent agreement and Cohen's kappa were determined. Agreements for each intraoral regions and types of lesion and restoration were calculated. Paired t-test and Pearson chi-square test for two proportions were used to compare mean Cohen's kappa and percent agreement at each phase. For the lesion code, mean kappa values of phase II for intraoral regions were significantly greater than that of phase I (p=0.017). For the both of the lesion code and restoration code, percent agreements of phase II for each types of lesion and restoration were significantly greater than that of phase II (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Especially difference of percent agreements between phase I and II for incipient caries, caries and fracture were significant for the lesion code (p=0.046, p<0.001, and p=0.029, respectively) and for not restored or sealed, tooth-colored restoration were significant for the restoration code (p<0.001 and p=0.011, respectively). The reliability of assessing a tooth status was improved when the Q-ray view used in dental hygiene student with beginner level of expertise. Q-ray view can be a promising device for conducting and educating the dental hygiene process better.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2013

Purpose : Fixed way of mAs previously Low Extremity Computed Tomography Angiography(LECTA) examination were used. Automatic Current Selection(ACS) to use for the purpose of reducing the dose when Low Extremity Computed Tomography Angiography examining patients. Materials and methods : Were analyzed from July 2011 to July 2012 MDCT examination of Dose Length Product(DLP) LECTA 116 Case. It was defined as previous inspection methods(Old protocol). CT workstation is set to 100 mAs and 150 mAs protocol based on the patient's weight 70kg examined by LECTA. We defined as 'New protocol' that applies to ACS. The data collection period are 76 cases from October 2012 to January 2013 Results : 1. Average Total DLP of 'Old protocol' is 3602.943 $mGy^*cm$. 2. Average Total DLP of 'New protocol' is 1762.977 $mGy^*cm$. 3. Due to the 'New Protocol' use of Total DLP was reduced by approximately 51 %. Phase-specific dose reduction is as follows. Pre(33.62 %), Artery(64.63 %), Delay(49.0 %) 4. Using One way ANOVA Analysis of fluctuations obtained DLP is as follows. 'Old protocol', 'New protocol' a value of P < 0.001, P = 0.882 values were obtained. Conclusions : Dose reduction of 51 % is a useful study that proves. The results obtained using the ACS, the effects of a dose reduction of 51 % was obtained. Therefore, it has been proven to be a useful way. Statistics using SPSS version came out of the 'Old protocol' P-value P < 0.0001. This result means that the DLP a large difference values. On the other hand, The results of the 'New protocol' was P = 0.882. These results means to that small and regularly was fluctuations of the dose. The use of ACS, you can get a reduction of the dose and will able to get the effect of reducing the dose errors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.613-625
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• 2012

Since railway bridge frequently have a chance of passing train load close to design load, it is necessary to reflect sufficiently fatigue property in early design phase for many structural details. Nevertheless fatigue cracks are reported partly in deck plate girder of railway steel bridge because of the weight and arrangement of axial load acting on railway bridge, the application of improper structural details for fatigue problem etc.. One of main cause for fatigue crack at the welded part of upper flange and web is caused by the eccentricity action of train load due to the difference of center to center spacing between the main girder supporting sleeper and the rail acting train load. For the existing deck plate girder of railway steel bridge, in this study, field survey, field measurement and a series of structural analysis were performed. In addition, the characteristics of structural behavior, the causes and repair/ retrofit of fatigue crack were examined in the target bridge.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.489-492
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• 2014

This thesis provides the design of system software for the management of radiation dose that is generated using computer tomography(CT). Because radiation exposure is different depending on the difference in sensitivity to each part for each of the patient's body, if we will be able to manage an appropriate amount of radiation, it is possible to estimate the radiation exposure of the patient as a result. Recently, radiation leakage incident of Japanese nuclear power plant was in the news internationally and there is a growing interest not only a nuclear power plant, to medical radiation exposure. In spite of the fact that currently safety management of radiation is under control only the workers of the radiation involved, exposure management of patients until now have been required. Surgery and inspection using the radiation in Korea will increase, due to this medical exposure has increased, but it is a reality that medical institution don't know the level of radiation exposure applied to the patient. Therefore a system for managing the radiation exposure of the patient from the medical institution is required. This paper proposes a design of a software program to manage the radiation exposure of CT is an typical imaging tool to use the radiation in the medical institution. By check the amount of radiation dose and set the limit of dose, we would help to optimize the medical exposure of the patient.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.42-64
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality in medical records by analyzing its completeness through setting up the level of record on the patient's past history and through examining the actual medial records. Targeting the information on the patient's past history in interns' records, residents' records and nurses' records toward 403 inpatients who were admitted first in 2004 at an university hospital due to stomach cancer. We analyzed whether the charts were recorded or not, recording level, the satisfaction with the expectant level of the records in the hospital targeted for a research and the level of agreement. The results were as follows; first, as for the rate of recording those each items, they were high in the chief complaint & present illness and the past illness history. Depending on the group of recorders, the recording rate showed big difference by items. Second, as a result of measuring the level after dividing the recording level of items for the patient's past history from Level 1 to Level 4 by each item, the admission history, the past illness history, and the family history were about Level 3, and the smoking history, the medication history, the chief complaint & present illness, the drinking history and allergy were about Level 2. In the admission department, it was excellent in the interns' records for the medical department. Third, as a result of its satisfactory level by comparing the expect level of a record and the actual record by item in information on the patient's past history, which was expected by the medical-record committee members of the hospital targeted for a study. And forth, we analyzed the level of agreement with Kappa score in the level of 'Yes' or 'None' related to the corresponding matter in Level 1, in terms of information on the past history in the intern's record, the resident's record, and the nurse's record. The level of agreement in the resident's record & the nurse's record, and in the intern's record & the resident's record was from "excellent" to "a little good". There were differences in the level of completeness and in reliability for the information on the past history by the recorder group or by the admission department. The encounter process that was performed by the admission department or the recorder group, indicated the result that was directly reflected on the quality of medical records, thus it was required further study about the medical record documentation process and quality of care. The items that showed the high recording rate quantitatively were rather low, consequently we'd should develop the tool for the qualitative inspection and evaluate the medical records further. And the items were needed to be detailed in the record level were rather low, and hence there needed to be a documentation guideline and education by the clinical departments.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.23-39
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine if there is any difference due to the general characteristics of middle school students who are beneficiaries of educational welfare services and a special quality of use about educational welfare services. Additionally, the examination has been performed to understand the relationship that exists between the satisfaction about educational welfare services, and adaptation to school life and self-respect of middle school students who are beneficiaries of educational welfare services. The results of the study showed meaningful higher scores by male students than female students only in the environmental adaptation area among lower areas in school life adaptation due to sex. Due to school year, third-year students showed meaningful high scores in school life adaptation. The satisfaction about programs in each area of educational welfare services of middle school students who are beneficiaries of educational welfare services showed a meaningful static relationship with school life adaptation. The inspection of the relationship between satisfaction about educational welfare services and 5 lower areas of school life adaptation showed statistically meaningful results in the order of adaptation to the teacher, adaptation to the environment and adaptation to the class, which are lower areas. The examination on the relationship between self-respect and adaptation to school life showed that self-respect has a static relationship with all lower areas of school life and overall school life adaptation. However, no meaningful relationship was shown between the satisfaction about educational welfare services and self-respect. Also, it was found that the factors of grade, self-respect, the number of service utilization have an effect on school life adaptation. This study has some limitations. But in this study, which is different from other studies which dealt with students who had used partial areas of educational welfare services, students who were using all 4 areas of educational welfare services were selected as subjects. In addition, this study is significant in that basic data has been offered for establishment of a policy on educational welfare services in middle schools in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.41-63
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• 2004

The area covered by product liability in broadest sense is so vast that an attempt to analyse all its impact on the aviation world risk. Every effort has been made to confine our review of subject a closely as possible to its influence on aircraft manufacturers, airlines and passengers, in spite of strong connections with other spheres of commercial. Product Liability in aviation is the liability of aircraft's manufacturer, processor or non-manufacturing seller for injury to the person or property of a buyer or third party caused by a product which has been sold. Here-in a product is aircraft, third party is passengers who suffered damage by defective design, defective construction, inadequate instructions for handling in aircraft. Whenever a product turns out to be defective after it has been sold, there are under Anglo-American law three remedies available against the aircraft's manufacturer (1) liability for negligence (2) breach of warranty (3) strict liability in tort. There are Under continental law Three remedies available against the aircraft's manufacturer (1) liability for defective warranty (2) liability for non-fulfillment of obligation (3) liability in tort. It is worth pointing out here an action for breach of warranty or for defective warranty, for non-fulfillment of obligation is available only to direct purchaser on the basis of his contract with the aircraft's manufacturer, which of course weakness its range and effectiveness. An action for tort offers the advantage of being available also to third parties who have acquired the defective product at a later stage. In tort, obligations are constituted not only by contract, but also by stature and common law. In conclusion, There in no difference in principle of law. In conclusion I would like to make few suggestions regarding the product liability for aircraft's manufacturer. Firstly, current general product liability code does not specify whether government offices(e.g. FAA) inspector conducted the inspection and auditory certificate can qualify as conclusive legal evidence. These need to be clarified. Secondly, because Korea is gaining potential of becoming aircraft's manufacturer through co-manufacturing and subcontracting-manufacturing with the US and independent production, there needs legislation that can harmonize the protection of both aircraft's manufacturers and their injured parties. Since Korea is in primary stage of aviation industry, considerate policy cannot be overlooked for its protection and promotion. Thirdly, because aircraft manufacturers are risking restitution like air-carriers whose scope of restitution have widened to strict and unlimited liability, there needs importation of mandatory liability insurance and national warranty into the product liability for aircraft's manufacturers. Fourthly, there needs domestic legislation of air transportation law that clearly regulates overall legal relationship in air transportation such as carrier & aircraft manufacturer's liability, and aviation insurance.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.101-111
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• 2006

In case of drilled shafts installed by drilling through soft overburden onto a strong rock, the piles can be regarded as end-bearing elements and their working load is determined by the safe working stress on the pile shaft at the point of minimum cross-section or by code of practice requirements. Drilled shafts drilled down for some depth into weak or weathered rocks and terminated within these rocks act partly as friction and partly as end-bearing piles. The base resistance component can contribute significantly to the ultimate capacity of the pile. However, the shaft resistance is typically mobilized at considerably smaller pile movements than that of the base. In addition, the base response can be adversely affected by any debris that is left in the bottom of the socket. The reliability of base response therefore depends on the use of a construction and inspection technique which leaves the socket free of debris. This may be difficult and costly to achieve, particularly in deep sockets, which are often drilled under water or drilling slurry. As a consequence of these factors, shaft resistance generally dominates pile performance at working loads. The efforts to improve the prediction of drilled shaft pile performance are therefore primarily concerned with the complex mechanisms of shaft resistance development. In this study, the numerical analyses are carried out to investigate the behavior characteristics of side of rock socketed drilled shafts varying the loading condition at the pile head. The difference of behavior characteristics of side resistance is also evaluated with the effects of modelling of asperity.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.330-336
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• 2015

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of loss of interproximal papilla, creating an undercut, on the accuracy of impression materials. Materials and methods: Two addition type silicone impression materials ($Extrude^{(R)}$ Speed Wash, $Imprint^{TM}$ II Quick Step Light Body) and one alginate impression material (Cavex Impressional) were used to make impressions of a maxillary master model simulating clinical conditions with or without interproximal papilla. Stone was poured in the impressions and working casts were fabricated. A total of 6 groups with 6 working casts in each group were scanned using 3-dimensional optical scanner. The accuracy of the impressions was assessed by measuring the dimensional changes (${\Delta}I$ (%)) of 6 distances on working casts compared to a master model with a 3-dimensional digitizing and inspection software. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (P<.05). Results: Three of 6 distances showed statistically significant differences among the impression materials. Only 1 of 6 distances in alginate impression showed a statistically significant difference between casts with and without interproximal papilla (P=.047). Conclusion: The presence of undercut due to loss of interproximal papilla did not significantly influence the dimensional accuracy of addition type silicone and alginate impression materials.