• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.275-285
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• 2009

During an 8 month period from January to August 2007, complete blood count (CBC) samples were taken from various wards and from the outpatient department at Samsung Medical Center. In order to determine whether or not the total white blood cells were over counted, results were obtained from both the 4Diff/channel and the white blood cell channel from the automated blood analysis equipment from S company for comparison. Among patients who were on long term treatments, the number of cases determined to be over counted by comparing the WBC counts during this 8 month period was 25. Clinical chemistry tests were also conducted on the same day on the 25 samples taken. 68% of the patients showed to exceed normal range of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) indicating abnormal liver function, and the total bilirubin range were also in excess in 60% of the total samples taken. Further clinical information which was obtained from the patients showed 98% of the patients were administered with cefepime which is the 4th generation cephalosporin at the time when the WEC were over counted. It is assumed that a multiple of factors investigated caused the over count of the WEC rather than a single factor.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.777-780
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• 2005

모바일 오디오 적용을 위한 저전력 ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$ Modulator 에 대한 설계와 layout 을 보였다. 전체 구조는 3 차 단일 피드백 루프이며, 해상도는 16bit 을 갖는다. 샘플링 주파수에 따른 Over-sampling Ratio 는 128(46kHz) 또는 64(96kHz) 가 되도록 하였다. 차동 구조를 사용한 3 차 ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$ modulator 내의 적분기에 사용된 Op-Amp 는 DC-Gain 을 높이기 위해서 Gain-boosting 기법이 적용되었다. ${\Sigma}{\Delta}$ modulator 의 기준 전압은 전류 모드 Band-Gap Reference 회로에서 공급이 되며, PVT(Process, Voltage, Temperature) 변화에 따른 기준 전압의 편차를 보정하기 위하여, binary 3bit 으로 선택하도록 하였다. DAC 에서 사용되는 단위 커패시터의 mismatch 에 의한 성능 감소를 막기 위해, DAC 신호의 경로를 임의적으로 바꿔주는 scrambler 회로를 이용하였다. 4bit Quantizer 내부의 비교기 회로는 고해상도를 갖도록 설계하였고, 16bit thermometer code 에서 4bit binary code 변환시 발생하는 에러를 줄이기 위해 thermometer-to-gray, gray-to-binary 인코딩 방법을 적용하였다. 0.18um CMOS standard logic 공정 내 thick oxide transistor(3.3V supply) 공정을 이용하였다. 입력 전압 범위는 2.2Vp-p,diff. 이며, Typical process, 3.3V supply, 50' C 시뮬레이션 조건에서 2Vpp,diff. 20kHz sine wave 를 입력으로 할 때 SNR 110dB, THD 는 -95dB 이상의 성능을 보였고, 전류 소모는 6.67mA 이다. 또한 전체 layout 크기는 가로 1100um, 세로 840um 이다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.56-64
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• 2012

This paper has tried to analyze the characteristics of space in Korean traditional architecture by deconstructive concept through connecting Lao-tzu's theory, the main discourse of East and West, with Derrida's deconstructionism theory. Derrida's philosophical term of differance(diff$\acute{e}$rance) is similar to Tao of Lao-tzu. It is because Derrida emphasized the relationships with others by trying the strategy of overcoming dichotomous thinking by this term. Tao of Lao-tzu also has the relative characteristics that cannot be concluded by one sole meaning. Like this, Derrida and Lao-tzu are against traditional and dichotomous way of thinking. In this point of view, this study has set Derrida's deconstruction theory and Lao-tzu's thinking as the common viewpoint of this world. And through the phrase of Tao Te Ching which means deconstructive Tao, deconstructive space design vocabulary was derived as mixed no-boundary, shape of no-shape, transcendence of time and space. The deconstructive characteristics of traditional space by case study analysis of Lao-tzu's deconstructive space design are as follows: First, it is not a specific or detailed shape but an unlimited possibility that can be transformed into something else, moving and changing endlessly and has a borderless beauty. Second, it is nothing itself but creates various shapes, as if it exists without shape. Third, it is a relative and unlimited space and pursuits a free form as a non-conceptional shape without any system or value.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2006

Recently there are increasing needs for Internet and various kinds of contents. These traffics for various contents need more amount of data to provide high-quality information and require various QoS depending on the characteristics of contents. However, current Internet service supports BE (Best Effort) service only, therefore IntServ (Integrated Service) scheme and DiffServ (Differentiated Service) scheme are represented to support QoS in IP layer. Moreover, while wireless Internet is getting popular, MAC(Medium Access Control) is also becoming important. This is due to the fact that wireless access, resource allocation and packet scheduling, which are done in another layers before, are performed in MAC layer in many new wireless systems. This paper describes new scheme that provides QoS taking into account the traffic characteristics over Mobile IPv6 network based on IEEE 802.11e EDCF and evaluates the performance through computer simulation.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.476-485
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• 2006

The Resource Description Framework(RDF), which emerged with the semantic web, is settling down as a standard for representing information about the resources in the World Wide Web Hence, a lot of research on storing and query processing RDF documents has been done and several RDF storage systems, such as Sesame and Jena, have been developed. But the research on updating RDF documents is still insufficient. When a RDF document is changed, data in the RDF triple store also needs to be updated. However, current RDF triple stores don't support incremental update. So updating can be peformed only by deleting the old version and then storing the new document. This updating method is very inefficient because RDF documents are steadily updated. Furthermore, it makes worse when several RDF documents are stored in the same database. In this paper, we propose an incremental update algorithm on RDF, documents in triple stores. We use a text matching technique for two versions of a RDF document and compensate for the text matching result to find the right target triples to be updated. We show that our approach efficiently update RDF documents through experiments with real-life RDF datasets.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.497-507
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• 2018

Tactical networks are evolving into an All-IP based network for network centric warfare(NCW). Owing to the flexibility of IP based network, various military data applications including real-time and multi-media services are being integrated in tactical networks. Because each application has diverse Quality-of-service(QoS) requirements, it is crucial to develop a QoS provisioning method for guaranteeing QoS requirements efficiently. Conventionally, differentiated services(DiffServ) have been used to provide a different level of QoS for traffic flows. However, DiffServ is not designed to guarantee a specific requirement of QoS such as delay, loss, and bandwidth. Therefore, it is not suitable for military applications with a tight bound of QoS requirements. In this paper, we propose a multi-layer network virtualization scheme that allocates traffic flows having different QoS requirements to multiple virtual networks, which are constructed to support different QoS policies such as virtual network functions(VNFs), routing, queueing/active queue management(AQM), and physical layer policy. The experiment results indicate that the proposed scheme achieves lower delays and losses through multiple virtual networks having differentiated QoS policies in comparison with conventional networks.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.816-823
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a blind audio watermarking using the tonal characteristic. First, we explain the perceptional effect of tonal on the existed researches and shout the experimental result that tonal characteristic is more stable than other characteristics used in previous watermarking studies against several signal processing. On the base of the result, we propose the blind audio watermarking using the relation among the signals on the frequency domain which compose a tonal masker. To evaluate the sound quality of our watermarked audios, we used the SDG(Subjective Diff-Grades) and got the average SDG 0.27. This result says the watermarking using the perceptional effect of tonal is available from the viewpoint of non-perception. And we detected the watermark hits from the watermarked audios which were changed by several signal processing and the detection ratios with exception of the time shift processing were over 98%. About the time shift processing, we applied the new method that searched the most proper position on the time domain and then detected the watermark bits by the ratio of 90%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.549-557
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• 2012

In this paper an on-chip photo energy harvesting system with MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking) control is proposed. The ISC(Integrated Solar Cell) is implemented using p-diff/n-well diodes available in CMOS processes. MPPT control is implemented using the linear relationship between the open-circuit voltage of a PV(Photovoltaic) cell and its MPP(Maximum Power Point) voltage such that a small pilot PV cell can track the MPP of a main PV cell in real time. Simulation results show that the designed circuit with the MPPT control delivers the MPP voltage to load even though the load is heavy such that the load circuit can operate properly. The proposed circuit is designed in 0.18um CMOS process. The designed main PV cell and pilot PV cell occupy $8mm^2$ and $0.4mm^2$ respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.10B
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• pp.909-918
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• 2006

Recently, the qualities of the call and QoS of data service in mobile wireless IP networks inclusive of internet wired networks are very challenging issues. IntServ, DiffServ and MPLS model for supporting QoS in wired networks are representative models which are investigated generally up to now. While, MIPv4(Mobile IPv4) and MIPv6 are proposed to support mobility management for mobile wireless internet networks. But, MIPv4 and MIPv6 based UDP and TCP/IP protocol have many issues to be solved like efficient QoS and frequent handover management. In this paper, we propose a efficient management platform to support seamless data services and end-to-end QoS management in IP-based wireless mobility environments using transport layer protocol, SCTP which support multi-homing and multi-streaming. We used SCTP protocol and IntServ technology for end-to-end communications to support multi-homing and seamless QoS management in the IP-based mobile wireless networks.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.676-688
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• 2014

The IEEE 802.11e EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) mechanism has been proposed to improve the QoS (Quality of Service) of various services in WLANs (Wireless Local Area Networks). By differentiating the channel access delay depending on ACs (Access Categories), this mechanism can provide the relative service differentiation among ACs. In this paper, we consider that WLAN is deployed in medical environments to transfer medical traffic and we reveal that the quality of the medical traffic (in particular, ECG signals) is significantly deteriorated even with the service differentiation by IEEE 802.11e EDCA. Also, we analyze the reason for performance degradation and show that IEEE 802.11e EDCA has difficulty in protecting the transmission opportunity of high-priority traffic against low-priority traffic. In order to assure medical-grade QoS, we firstly define the service priority of medical traffic based on their characteristics and requirements, and then we propose the enhanced channel access scheme, referred to as DIFF-CW. The proposed scheme differentiates CW (Contention Window) depending on the service priority and modifies the channel access procedure for low-priority traffic. The simulation results confirm that the DIFF-CW scheme not only assures the QoS of medical traffic but also improves the overall channel utilization.