• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.390-395
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• 2005

Reported here are the effects of added formic acid on inhibitory effect of Salmonella gallinarum in poultry feed. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the viability of S. gallinarum and pH of poultry feed using different dietary formic acid levels (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) on inhibitory effect of S. gallinarum in broiler feed. Experiment one was conducted to investigate the viability of S. gallinarum and pH of artificially contaminated diet at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment in vitro. Formic acid showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the viability for all treatments with time after treatment. Various formic acid levels in vitro showed a reduction in the pH of the diet depending upon the concentration of treated acid, and the diet remained acidic below the growth range of S. gallinarum. This meant that the bacterial cells were exposed to stressful conditions that made them unable to grow. Experiment two was conducted to find out the effect of dietary formic acid levels on S. gallinarum colonization and pH in the contents of crop, small intestine, large intestine and ceca and mortality rate of broiler chicks at 7, 14 and 21 days of age when fed artificially contaminated diet with S. gallinarum. The numbers of S. gallinarum re-isolated from all treated groups except in groups treated with 0.5% formic acid, decreased significantly (p<0.05) compared with the control group. The treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered the pH of the crop, small intestine, large intestine and ceca contents in all groups except the groups treated with 0.5% formic acid compared with the control. All treated groups showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in overall mortality rate during the experimental period (3 to 21 days) compared with the control. The results indicate that addition of formic acid in a total concentration of 1.5% to the diet of newly hatched broiler chicks significantly decreases the contamination of diet with S. gallinarum.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.64-73
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of serving sizes on dish wastes, nutrient intake, and diet satisfaction for reduction of dish waste products. The dish waste, energy and protein intake, and satisfaction scores before and after dining were compared in 44 subjects fed various serving sizes(100%, 90%, 80% of standard size) of 10 frequently consumed Korean dishes. The result are as follows: 1. Average age, height, and weight of 44 subjects were 30.5, 174.0cm, and 68.1kg in men and 26.2, 164.2cm, and 53.5kg in women, respectively. 2. There was a significant difference in the dish waste rate of 10 Korean dishes to serving sizes. The range of dish waste rates of 10 Korean dishes was 13.14-33.04%. 3. The average energy intake from 10 Korean dishes in which 100% of the standard serving size was served was lower than Korean RDA. Protein intakes from Sulungtang, Yukgaejang, Deunjang-ggigae, and Bibimpab with 100% servins size, Soondubi-ggigae 90% servins size, and Galbitang, Bulgogi-bakpan, Sangsungui-bakpan, Bakpan 80% of standard serving size were higher than Korean RDA. 4. The satisfaction score before dining on Sulungtang, Bulgogi-bakpan, Sangsungui-bakpan decreased with decreasing serving size. However, there was no significant difference in satisfaction score after dining to serving size. These findings indicate that dish waste rate and diet satisfaction of 10 these Korean dishes are fixed and energy intake is insufficient. Therefore, for reduction of food waste and reasonable serving size of dishes evaluated in this study, there should be more studies about Korean menu development with decreasing serving size and increasing energy density.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.256-261
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• 1996

Carotenoids are abundant int he Korean food supply. The intake of foods rich in carotenoids appears to be associated with optimal health, and a reduction in the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, macular degeneration and cataract formation. Specific dietary carotenoids may be responsible for these specific protective effects. Hydrocarbon carotenoids such as $\alpha$-,$\beta$-carotenes and lycopene may reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease, whereas oxygenated carotenoids, such as lutein and zeaxanthin, may be important in protection of the eye. Dietary carotenoids, such as lutein, cryptoxanthin, $\alpha$-carotene, $\beta$-carotene and lycopene can be readily obtained from the diet, Green leafy vegetables, such as spinach and broccoli, contain both oxygenated and hydrocarbon carotenoids ; yellow or orange vegetables, such as carrots, have high levels of $\alpha$-carotene and $\beta$-carotene ; and tomatoes contain high amounts of lycopene. Besides being important vitamin A sources, provitamin A carotenoids such as $\alpha$-carotene, $\beta$-carotene and cryptoxanthin, participate in the cell defense systems that are associated with radical quenching. Non-provitamin A carotenoids, such as lutein and lycopene, major carotenoids in human plasma, have also been reported to possess strong antioxidant capability. The alteration of dietary sources of carotenoids can modify their levels in the circulation and target tissues, and thus prevent or delay the onset of these chronic diseases.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of body weight reduction of patty containing glucomannan in high fat diet-induced obese rats. Male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control and high fat diets groups for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, the control and high fat diet groups were rearranged into 5 groups by different levels of patty containing glucomannan (60%). After 5 weeks, serum and whole blood levels were analyzed. Obesity index was significantly lower in the group fed patty containing glucomannan than that of high fat diet groups. The status of white blood cells in hematological examination was significantly higher in rats fed high fat diet and not significantly different from those fed patty. Serum albumin levels were not significantly different, while serum glucose levels were significantly different among groups. Serum Triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were the highest in rats fed high fat diets, while the lowest in rats fed patty containing glucomannan.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to find out the level of knowledge on sugar-related nutrition among mothers with preschool children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study conducted a survey on 350 mothers whose children attended daycare. The dietary lives of the children and the nutritional knowledge of the mothers on sugar were checked. In order to analyze results, SPSS 18.0 was used. ANOVA and t-test were also performed to analyze recognition and educational needs. RESULTS: When the degree of nutritional knowledge was measured and analyzed, the results showed about 11 average points out of 15. The higher a group's nutritional knowledge, the better the dietary habits and activities were and the activities were more ccommon. The group with a low level of nutritional knowledge consumed more foods with high sugar content, but this difference was not statistically significant. Also the children from the group of mothers that provided nutritional education to their children were more likely to engage in better dietary habits and activities. CONCLUSIONS: 66.5% respondents did not know about policies to reduce sugar consumption, but most indicated that education on reducing sugar consumption is needed. Therefore, a government-driven search for efficient methods to campaign and publicize sugar reduction is needed in order to continuously provide appropriate education.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2001

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) exhibits potent anti-carcinogenic and other biological activities in several animal models. We report here that dietary CLA, chemically synthesized from corn oil, accumulates I silkworm, Bombyx mori, which is used as therapeutic agent for diabetes in Korea and Japan. Mulberry leaves treated with 0.1 or 10% CLA in ethanol were supplied to silkworms from the end of 3rd instar to the 3rd day of the 5th instar. Fresh mulberry leaves or leaves treated with 10% corn oil in ethanol were fed as a check treatment. the amount of total lipids in the larval body ranged from 17.4 to 19.1mg/g of body tissue, which was not significantly affected by the source of the diets. No CLA was found in the control silkworms. But the level of CLA significantly increased to 83.5 mg/g of fat, when fed with mulberry leaves treated with 10% CLA. Only trace amounts of CLA were detected in the larvae reared with check leaves and 0.1% CLA-treated leaves. Mulberry leaves treatd with corn oil or CLA were not palatable to the larvae, resulting in a reduction of larval weight. These results suggest that silkworms containing CLA in body lipids could be producted by dietary CLA.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.231-242
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• 1990

A study is reported which investigated the additive nature of digestible energy (DE) from dietary nutrients and to estimate the relative energy values of different energy-yielding nutrients in practical trout diets. A growth study was conducted over 12 weeks with 6 diets. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed diets once a day ad libitum. Digestible energy values determined and calculated had direct relationship indicating additive nature of such values for feed ingredients. Overall growth performance was best in a diet containing 33% digestible protein (DP) with a DP/DE ratio of 18.6. A reduction in digestible protein level with the same DP/DE rat io led to a significant decrease in growth and feed efficiency. The increase of 7% of lipid with concomitant decrease in protein resulted in the relative gain of 130% in growth and nutrient retention, suggesting that 1 g of lipid is equal to about 1.3 g of proteins in terms of net energetic value. Replacement of 10% of dietary lipid by carbohydrates led to a slight decrease in energy retention efficiency but to a great increase in lipid retention efficiency (130%) showing that dietary carbohydrates led to increased lipogenesis.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2015

Livestock is one of the major contributors of greenhouse gases (GHGs). It accounts for 14.5% of the global GHGs emissions like methane ($CH_4$) from enteric fermentation and manure, nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) from manure and fertilizer. Since enteric emissions are a major contributor of $CH_4$ than that of manure emissions hence primary efforts were made on reducing enteric emissions, with minor attention to dung emissions. Many researches were conducted by dietary manipulation to mitigate enteric $CH_4$ emission. However dietary manipulation also had significant effects on manure GHGs emissions too. Several works proved that manure $CH_4$ emissions were increased with high level of concentrate supplementation despite reduction in enteric $CH_4$. Fat and CP content of the diet has shown inconsistent results on manure $CH_4$ emissions. Amount of concentrate in the diet has shown little effect whereas dietary CP content exhibited conflicting effects on manure $N_2O$ emissions.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2017

고도비만 여성환자 1명을 대상으로 감로수 절식요법과 더불어 절식기 동안 수용성 식이섬유를 함께 공급한 결과 절식 전보다 혈중 T-cholesterol -37.4%, LDL-C -39.7%, triglyceride -39.0%, HDL-C가 -27.0% 감소하였다. 향후 감로수 절식요법을 심혈관계 질환의 예방과 치료를 위한 방법으로 사용하기 위해서는 HDL-C 감소를 보완할 수 있는 추가 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.296-308
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• 2023

This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extracts in a high fat diet-induced obesity model (DIO). We confirmed the anti-obesity effects by analysing the expression of the related proteins, weight gain, dietary intake, dietary efficiency, blood biochemistry, histological analysis and western blot analysis. After oral administration of Coriandrum sativumL. ethanol extracts at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/kg, a significant improvement in dietary efficiency, reduction in weight gain, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in blood lipid was observed for 8 weeks. In addition, improvement in blood glucose and metabolism confirmed through glucose tolerance test was observed. Further, the concentration of alanine transaminase (ALT) in blood was significantly decreased, which improved the fatty liver caused by high-fat diet intake as confirmed by liver tissue analysis. This phenomenon was confirmed to decrease the expression of fat accumulation-related PPARγ and FAS protein in the liver tissue. Especially, it is believed that FAS, a liposynthetic enzyme, has a stronger inhibitory effect than PPARγ. Therefore, Coriandrum sativum L. ethanol extract is thought to improve obesity by reducing blood lipids levels, improving glucose metabolism and inhibiting synthesis of the fat that accumulates in the liver in high-fat diet-induced obesity animal models.