• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.1049-1056
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• 2016

The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, particularly in Asian regions such as Korea. It is estimated that the number of diabetic patients will exceed 5 million by 2030 and that about 30% of people with diabetes are unaware of their condition. A comparative analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between dairy food intake and pre-diabetes risk factors in subjects that visited the health examination center of Sunhan Hospital, Republic of Korea. Subjects were classified into two groups according to fasting blood glucose concentrations: 1) normal (fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL, n=57) and 2) pre-diabetes (100 mg/dL${\leq}$ fasting blood glucose ${\leq}125mg/dL$, n=56). Total dairy food intake tended to be lower in females and subjects with pre-diabetes compared with males and normal subjects, respectively; however, differences between groups were not significant due to a wide range of variations. HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly associated with the prevalence of pre-diabetes. Odds ratios for pre-diabetes were significantly reduced per incremental increases in dairy food intakes after adjusting for confounding factors. Findings in the current study suggest that appropriate intake of dairy foods may need to be considered for the prevention of pre-diabetes.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2005

Changes of plasma lipids, total cholesterol and phospholipids content according to diet of silkworm extract powder were as follows. Decrease ratios of plasma lipids at 3, $5\%(w/w)$ treating groups were plasma lipids 5.16, $9.15\%$, those of total cholesterols were 1.63, $2.76\%$ and those of phospholipids were 1.37, $2.00\%$, respectively. Decreasing effects of plasma triglyceride content according to diet of silkworm extract powder was higher than those of total cholesterols and phospholipids contents. Decrease of plasma glucose concentrations were $4.62\%\;and\;6.46\%\;at\;3\%,\;5\%(w/w)$ treating group than control group, respectively. These results were not proportional decrease according to treating amount. In the other hand, changes of insulin concentration of plasma, pancreas and femur were appeared the similar tendency with plasma glucose concentration. Relationship between treating amount of silkworm extract powder and insulin concentration had not positive relativity, In conclusion, treatment of silkworm extract powder about $3\%(w/w)$ could be expected to prevention and/or medical treatment effect of diabetic patients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1691-1696
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• 2010

Neohesperidin is a natural new nutrition sweetener, widely existing in plants of dry citrus peel, which can be derived from extraction. Since the sweetness is 1,300-1,500 times greater than that of sugar, neohesperidin are widely used in fruit juices, wines, beverages, bakeries and pharmaceutical formulations, and are particularly suitable for consumption by diabetic patients. However, the yield of extraction from citrus peel waste is very low. In this study optimal yield conditions were determinedusing response surface methodology (RSM) in order to increase the neohesperidin extraction yield. The critical factors for maximum extraction yield were selected extraction pressure ($x_1$), extraction time ($x_2$), and concentration of ethanol ($x_3$). As a result, the extraction yield was improved when the extracting pressure increased. The extraction yield also increased in a time-dependent manner. When adding ethanol as an assistance solvent to the supercritical carbon dioxide, extraction yield was increased as more ethanol concentration was added. Finally, the extraction yield of neohesperidin was improved to about 162.22% compared to ethanol extraction as a conventional method.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

This study aims to investigate the impact of a mobile-based human coaching healthcare service provided for diabetic patients by nurses on their self-management ability. This study collected data from 311 persons who were diagnosed with diabetes from all over the country, and the collected data were analyzed through SPSS Win 23. The results of the study are summarized as follows: First, it was found that the utilization of a glucose meter by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service was men group, and there was a statistically significant difference (${\chi}^2=6.059$, p= .048*). Second, there was a positive correlation in the utilization between the glucose meter and an activity tracker band by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service, which was statistically significant (r=.660, p< .001). Third, as a result of checking the changes of the utilization of the glucose meter by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service, it was maintained between 79% and 41% from Week 1 through 49. In conclusion, this study partially confirmed that the mobile-based human coaching health service was easily accessible and cost-effective in enhancing the participants'self-healthcare ability.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.557-563
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• 2004

A new vacuum assisted auto-lancing technique is proposed to minimize pain. Specially designed lancing device was introduced, which applied -100mmHg right after skin puncture on the forearm. Sampled blood volumes were measured in 58 normal females. Mean volume of 464 samples was approximately 2.6$\muL$ and the frequency of more than 0.5$\muL$ was 86%. Thus the success rate of blood sugar test should also be the same when using modern glucose meters capable of testing with only 0.3~0.5$\muL$ of capillary blood. When pain scores were quantitatively evaluated by the visual pain measure, only 23% pain of the traditional finger sampling was experienced, demonstrating that capillary blood sampling was performed on the forearm with almost no pain. The present technique reduced pain to a great degree, though resampling might be unavoidable due to 14% of test failure rate estimated for modern glucose meters. However, minimized pain makes the present technique of great convenience for diabetic patients who need blood sampling a few times a day.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 2009

Many biological systems are regulated by an intricate set of feedback loops that oscillate with a circadian rhythm of roughly 24 h. This circadian clock mediates an increase in body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and cortisol secretion early in the day. Recent studies have shown changes in the amplitude of the circadian clock in the hearts and livers of streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats. It is therefore important to examine the relationships between circadian clock genes and growth factors and their effects on diabetic phenomena in animal models as well as in human patients. In this study, we sought to determine whether diurnal variation in organ development and the regulation of metabolism, including growth and development during the juvenile period in rats, exists as a mechanism for anticipating and responding to the environment. Also, we examined the relationship between changes in growth factor expression in the liver and clock-controlled protein synthesis and turnover, which are important in cellular growth. Specifically, we assessed the expression patterns of several clock genes, including Per1, Per2, Clock, Bmal1, Cry1 and Cry2 and growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and -2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$ in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. Growth factor and clock gene expression in the liver at 1 week post-induction was clearly increased compared to the level in control rats. In contrast, the expression patterns of the genes were similar to those observed after 5 weeks in the STZ-treated rats. The increase in gene expression is likely a compensatory change in response to the obstruction of insulin function during the initial phase of induction. However, as the period of induction was extended, the expression of the compensatory genes decreased to the control level. This is likely the result of decreased insulin secretion due to the destruction of beta cells in the pancreas by STZ.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.964-971
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• 2019

Hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance increases in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Piperine is a major compound found in black pepper (Piper nigrum) and long pepper (P. longum). Piperine has been used in fine chemical for its anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the signaling-based mechanism of piperine and its role as an inhibitor of lipogenesis and insulin resistance in human hepatocyte cells remains ill-defined. In the present study, we explored the effects of piperine on lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, and explored the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Piperine treatment resulted in a significant reduction of triglyceride content. Furthermore, piperine treatment decreased palmitate-treated intracellular lipid deposition by inhibiting the lipogenic target genes, sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS); whereas the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT-1) and phosphorylation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) gene involved in fatty acid oxidation was increased. Moreover, piperine also inhibited the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 (Ser307). Piperine treatment modulated palmitate-treated lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells with concomitant reduction of lipogenic target genes, such as SREBP-1 and FAS, and induction of CPT-1-ACC and phosphorylation of IRS-1 (Tyr632)-Akt pathways. Therefore, piperine represents a promising treatment for the prevention of lipid accumulation and insulin resistance.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2017

Purpose: To analyze the result of a repeat discectomy for ipsilateral recurrent lumbar disc herniation and to investigate the potential factors that influenced the outcomes for this surgery. Materials and Methods: Fifty-nine patients, who underwent reoperation after lumbar discectomy with a minimum follow-up period of 2 years, were reviewed. The surgical outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Macnab classification, and the recovery rate was calculated in accordance with VAS. A statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS to evaluate the possible factors that may have influenced the outcomes of the reoperation. Results: The rate of reoperation after lumbar disc surgery due to the recurrent disc herniation was 6.0% (59/983 cases). The average recovery rate of VAS from the 1st operation was approximately 77%, and from the 2nd operation was 71%. According to the Macnab criteria, the results were "excellent" or "good" in 96% of cases. Statistical analysis revealed that there was no difference of the average recovery rate (p<0.05). There is no additional instability after repeat discectomy. Factors, such as smoking, precipitating traumatic events, and diabetes mellitus did not have much influence on the average recovery rate after repeat discectomy for ipsilateral recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Conclusion: The outcomes of repeat discectomy were satisfactory. Moreover, factors, smoking, trauma history and diabetic mellitus, only had a minor impact on the outcomes of a repeat discectomy.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.479-487
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• 2011

This study was a descriptive study to investigate factors affecting quality of life in the Korean elders with diabetes mellitus. A secondary data analysis was conducted using the data of "The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008." The survey included 9774 adults aged over 64 years with diabetes mellitus and 226 samples were used for this study. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 12.0 program and descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression analyses were performed. Correlation analysis showed that quality of life was associated with the amount of alcohol intake, the level of stress awareness, walking time, and suicidal thoughts. The amount of alcohol intake, the level of stress awareness, walking time, and suicidal thoughts accounted for 34.5% of quality of life. These findings suggest that nursing researchers need to consider age, suicidal thoughts, and drinking as important factors affecting quality of life of Korean elders with diabetes mellitus and nursing intervention focusing on the issues needs to be developed.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2017

It is Lespedeza cuneata. G. don used as a remedy for cough, asthma, premature ejaculation and so on, though it has been used for a long time. In order to investigate the possibility of using Lespedeza cuneata. G. don as a raw material for functional food, we examined useful substances through analysis. In the study, 124 useful substances were analyzed and 84 of them were found to be functional. In 6 species, 6 of them were found to be functional and 5 of them were functional. In the present study, the other useful substance, D-pinitol, also confirmed its functionality. Potassium isolespedezate and Potassium lespedezate act as antibiotics, Trifolin acts as an antibiotic and hepatoprotectant, and Vitexin acts as a hepatoprotectant. D-pinitol has shown excellent efficacy in patients with prediabetic and insulin-resistant diabetes. As it contains a large amount of useful substances, it can be utilized as a highly functional food.