• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.737-745
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of smoking, process of smoking cessation, and nicotine dependency, and urine nicotine among adults with diabetes which are smokers and to examine the relationship among those variables. Method: The subjects consisted of 62 adult men smokers with diabetes mellitus. FTQ and NicCheck 1 were used to measure the level of nicotine dependence. The amount of cigarette smoking was measured by the number of cigarette packs use per week. The stage of smoking cessation was measured by the Prochaska's method. Results: The Subjects smoked cigarettes with a mean of 5.97 packages per week. Seventy-seven percent of the subjects had a nicotine dependency. Fifty-two percent had a high level of nicotine dependency in urine nicotine. Nineteen percent were in the precontemplation stage. The level of cigarette consumption was related to nicotine dependence and urine nicotine. Also, nicotine dependency was related to urine nicotine. Conclusion: A tailored smoking cessation program is needed to prevent the chronic complication for diabetes smokers. Self-reported smoking and nicotine dependency seemed to do equally well as NicCheck 1 in assessing nicotine intake.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a balance training program could improve the balancing ability of elderly patients with type II diabetes mellitus. If yes, the results could lead to development of a method to prevent falls in elderly patients with type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Subjects were 28 elderly patients with type II DM. Subjects were divided into a control and an experimental group with 14 patients in each group. The experimental group had a balance training program consisting of balance training and lower extremity muscle strengthening exercises. The exercise group met twice a week for 8 weeks. All subjects were evaluated using a force plate for the amount of postural sway. To determine the degree of diabetes, we measured Hemoglobin A1c. Results: Balance in the experimental group (p<0.05) increased significantly compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that a balance training program should be recommended for improving balance and preventing falls in elderly type II DM patients.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2004

The discovery of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins and their role to link cell surface receptors to the intracellular signaling cascades is a key step to understanding insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action. Moreover, IRS-proteins coordinate signals from the insulin and IGF receptor tyrosine kinases with those generated by proinflammatory cytokines and nutrients. The IRS2-branch of the insulin/IGF signaling cascade has an important role in both peripheral insulin response and pancreatic $\beta$-cell growth and function. Dysregulation of IRS2 signaling in mice causes the failure of compensatory hyperinsulinemia during peripheral insulin resistance. IRS protein signaling is down regulated by serine phosphorylation or protea-some-mediated degradation, which might be an important mechanism of insulin resistance during acute injury and infection, or chronic stress associated with aging or obesity. Under-standing the regulation and signaling by IRS1 and IRS2 in cell growth, metabolism and survival will reveal new strategies to prevent or cure diabetes and other metabolic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 2011

Incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide delay gastric emptying, increasing satiety, and enhance insulin secretion. Two new classes of treatments related to incretin hormones for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus have emerged: GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., exenatide, liraglutide) and the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin, saxagliptin, vildagliptin, alogliptin), which prevent the degradation of GLP-1. A MEDLINE search was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of incretin-based therapies and publications were reviewed. Data from clinical trials indicated incretin-based treatment showed clinically significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c with low risk of hypoglycemia. Weight reductions were observed with GLP-1 receptor agonists where as DPP-4 inhibitors are weight neutral.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.67-70
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• 1998

There were many cases to apply artificial intelligence to medicine. In this paper, we present the prediction model of the development of the NIDDM(noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus). It is not difficult that doctor diagnose patient as DM(diabetes mellitus). However NIDDM is usually developmented later on 40 years old and symptom appeares gradually. So screening test or prediction model is needed absolutely. Our model predicts development of NIDDM with still normal data 2 year ago. Prediction models developed are both MLP(multilayer perceptron) with backpropagation training and RBFN(radial basis function network). Performance of both models were evaluated with likelihood ratio. MLP was about two and RBFN was about three. We expect that models developed can prevent development of DM and utilize normal data.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1131-1138
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• 2008

Diabetic complications are a leading cause of blindness, renal failure, and nerve damage. Additionally, diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and limb amputation. At the present time, 4 main molecular mechanisms have been implicated in hyperglyceamia-mediated vascular damage. In particular, advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), which are formed by complex, heterogeneous, sugar-derived protein modifications, have been implicated as a major pathogenic process for diabetic complications. Recently, AGE inhibitors such as aminoguanidin, ALT-946, and pyridoxamine have been reported. Such an integrating paradigm provides a new conceptual framework for future research on diabetes complications and on discovering drugs to prevent the progression of AGE-induced maladies.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2022

Diabetes mellitus is an abnormally high glucose level in the bloodstream. Several pharmaceuticals are administered to diabetic patients to control their glucose levels. Early diagnosis and proper glycemic management are essential in this situation to prevent further progression and complications. Biosensor-based detection has progressed and shown potential in portable and inexpensive daily assessment of glucose levels because of its simplicity, low cost, and convenient operation without sophisticated instrumentation. This review discusses various systemic aspects of non-invasive glucose monitoring, including materials for monitoring and managing diabetes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1296-1301
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• 2021

With the recent increase in diabetes incidence worldwide, research has been conducted to predict diabetes through various machine learning and deep learning technologies. In this work, we present a model for predicting diabetes using machine learning techniques with German Frankfurt Hospital data. We apply outlier handling using Interquartile Range (IQR) techniques and Pearson correlation and compare model-specific diabetes prediction performance with Decision Tree, Random Forest, Knn (k-nearest neighbor), SVM (support vector machine), Bayesian Network, ensemble techniques XGBoost, Voting, and Stacking. As a result of the study, the XGBoost technique showed the best performance with 97% accuracy on top of the various scenarios. Therefore, this study is meaningful in that the model can be used to accurately predict and prevent diabetes prevalent in modern society.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sexual dysfunction of diabetic women in order to provide basic data contributed in nursing intervention. Method: A convenience sample consisted of 67 subjects with diabetes who attended outpatient department of 2 university hospitals. After verbal consent was obtained, subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire including BISF-W developed by Taylor et al. Data were collected from April 27 to May 22, 2006, and were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, oneway ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: This study discovered that the degree of sexual dysfunction of women with diabetes was high, and in particular that most of the women with diabetes did not have satisfactory sex life because of lack of vaginal lubrication, lower sexual desire, lower orgasm, and sexual pain. The test of differences in sexual dysfunction according to demographic and disease-related characteristics revealed that significant differences existed only with regard to menopause and age. Conclusion: As the sexual function of women varies widely among individuals, we would like to emphasize the importance of sexual counseling and education programs to improve the quality of life of diabetic women to prevent or relieve their sexual dysfunction.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2020

Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus (GBS) is associated with infections in neonates and pregnant women. Herein, we describe a rare case of GBS renal abscess with peritonitis and pleural effusion in a 17-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The girl was admitted due to fever and right flank pain. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis and increased C-reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Her serum glucose level was 484 mg/dL. Urinalysis showed no pyuria. Renal sonography revealed parenchymal swelling in the right kidney. The patient was administered intravenous cefotaxime. Urine and blood cultures were negative. Fever seemed to improve, but the following day, she complained of abdominal pain and fever. Antibiotic was switched to imipenem, and abdominal and pelvic CT revealed a ruptured right renal abscess, peritonitis, and bilateral pleural effusion with atelectasis. Pigtail catheter drainage of the abscess was performed. Culture from the abscess was positive for GBS, and fever subsided 2 days after the drainage. She was discharged with oral cefixime. The clinical course of urinary tract infections (UTIs) can be atypical in patients with diabetes, and GBS can be a cause of UTIs. Prompt diagnosis and management are necessary to prevent complications in patients showing atypical courses.