• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.23-33
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate trend in use of occupational therapy assessment tools used by pediatric occupational therapist. Methods : Survey questionnaire developed for this study were used to for data collection. The questionnaires are divided into 10 area: occupational performance, activities of daily living, education, play, sensory-perceptual, motor and praxis, cognition, social interaction skills, development, and physical examination. Total 105 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics analysis and frequency analysis. Results : For the general process of evaluation in pediatric occupational therapy, major response on the initial evaluation time was 30~60minutes (41.9%), and major response on the re-evaluation period was 3~6months (41.0%). The major assessment tool for each area Canadian Occupation Performance Measure (55.2%) for occupational performance assessments, Wee Functional Independence Measure (57.1%) for activities of daily living assessments, School Function Assessment (2.5%) for education assessments, Knox Preschool Play Scale (28.6%) for play assessments, Developmental Test of Visual Perception (94.3%) for sensory-perceptual assessments, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (42.9%) for motor and praxis assessments, Evaluation of Social Interaction (6.1%) for social interaction skills assessments, Denver Developmental Screening Test (92.4%) for development assessments, Clinical Observation (89.5%) for physical examination assessments. Conclusion : The study identified the most assessment tools used for specific area by pediatric occupational therapists. The results can be used as a basic data to educate about pediatric occupational therapy evaluation, as well as to develop new assessment tools in pediatric setting in future.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.50-65
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study is to analyze researches about sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data and a direction about sex education. Methods : For the systemic review, domestic and international research articles published from August 2008 to September 2018 were searched using the electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO host (CINAHL Plus with full text), Medline (ProQuest), RISS, and KISS. Keyword used for the search was 'Disability Disorder OR Autism (AND) AND (Effect OR Effectiveness)' for international papers and 'Disability AND Sex Education' for domestic papers. Total 15 articles were collected and analyzed in terms of participant, duration, type, contents, and teaching methods with PICO format. Results : In terms of level of evidence, majority was Level III evidence(60%). Most common contents of sex education were 'physical and growth' and 'relational skills'. Special education and occupational therapy were the field that sex education is provided most frequently. Effects of sex education identified were 'sex knowledge', 'sex attitudes', and 'inappropriate sexual behavior'. Conclusion : This study intend aimed to identify content, trends, and effects of sex education for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities in order to provide a basic data for clinical trial of sex education in occupational therapy practice. This study recommend further researches on the effects of sex education on occupational participation, occupational therapists' awareness of sexual activity of clients, and development of related measurement such as sexual development scale.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate how primary caregivers of children with developmental disabilities aged 6 to 18 years perceived on tele-music programs in which their children participated during COVID-19. A total of 83 caregivers who voluntarily agreed to participate in this study responded to a survey either on-line or in person and 67 questionnaires were included in the final analysis after deleting 16 incomplete responses. The results showed that tele-music programs were rated somewhat suitable for distance learning but that there was still a need for adult assistance to help children with developmental disabilities participate in the program. When comparing the perceptions of caregivers who participated in remote general education versus who participated in tele-music program, significantly higher level of program engagement and positive responses from a child were perceived with tele-music program. The caregivers who participated in tele-music program showed significantly greater willingness to participate in tele-music therapy in the future than those who did not. The findings of this study presents information on how tele-music therapy has been implemented to children with disabilities and what can be considered for the the development of a tele-music therapy program.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.460-468
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• 2023

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) is a pathological condition commonly occurring during the growth phase of infants. It acts as one of the factors that can disrupt an infant's growth and trigger potential complications. Therefore, it is critically important to detect and treat this condition early. The traditional diagnostic methods for DDH involve palpation techniques and diagnosis methods based on the detection of keypoints in the hip joint using X-ray or ultrasound imaging. However, there exist limitations in objectivity and productivity during keypoint detection in the hip joint. This study proposes a deep learning model-based keypoint detection method using X-ray and ultrasound imaging and analyzes the performance of keypoint detection using various deep learning models. Additionally, the study introduces and evaluates various data augmentation techniques to compensate the lack of medical data. This research demonstrated the highest keypoint detection performance when applying the residual network 152 (ResNet152) model with simple & complex augmentation techniques, with average Object Keypoint Similarity (OKS) of approximately 95.33 % and 81.21 % in X-ray and ultrasound images, respectively. These results demonstrate that the application of deep learning models to ultrasound and X-ray images to detect the keypoints in the hip joint could enhance the objectivity and productivity in DDH diagnosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.826-831
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• 2005

Purpose : This study is directed to evaluate standardized developmental test performances of infants and children who, as fetuses, had mild isolated cerebral ventriculomegaly diagnosed by ultrasound. Methods : All prenatal sonographic findings from 2001 to 2002 were evaluated. Live isolated mild ventriculomegaly(IMVM) of 10-15 mm were observed in 95 cases(1.1 percent). Standardized developmental testing of 40 cases of IMVM and 36 cases in a comparison group were offered to parents Both groups of children were adjusted to normal antepatum subjects with respect to sex, race, indication for ultrasound and gestational age at the time of ultrasound. Test of cognitive and motor development(Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition; BSID-II) were administered by developmental examiners. Results : Forty cases and 34 comparison sujects completed the testing. The IMVM and comparison groups were similar with respect to parental age, gestational age, birth weight, familial socioeconomic status. The IMVM subjects scored lower than the comparison group on both the BSID-II, but there was not statistically significant. differences; metal development index(MDI)($92.7{\pm}12.9$ vs $94.7{\pm}14.1$, P=0.47) and psychomotor development index(PDI)($100.3{\pm}14.1$ vs $101.3{\pm}10.7$, P=0.75). Eleven cases(27.5 percent) of IMVM group and five cases(14.7 percent) of the comparison group were developmentally delayed, but most cases in both groups showed mild delays. Resolution or lack of progression, lateral ventricle diameter ${\leq}12mm$ and females were associated with better scores, but there were not statistically significant. Polarity, and head circumference were not related to later development. Conclusion : This study show children with MIVM did not delay performance in the developmental test, but we might suggest a tendency to increase the risk of mild developmental delay.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 1999

Objective：The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of comorbid disorders and associated symptoms in pervasive developmental disorder(PDD) and to examine the correlation between associated symptoms and developmental characteristics in PDD children. Method：The sample consisted of 209 cases of PDD and 143 cases of developmental language disorder(DLD)(control group) who were treated at the Seoul National Mental Hospital from Jan. 1996 to Mar. 1999. The diagnostic work based on DSM-IV criteria was performed by one or two child psychiatrists, while the clinical feature was evaluated by doctors’s notes, occupational/speech therapy reports, and results of social maturity scale(SMS), childhood autism rating scale(CARS), and psycho-educational profile(PEP). Two groups were compared on a wide range of measures including comorbid disorders, associated symptoms, treatment drugs, and PEP. The relation between associated symptom & PEP was investigated in total(106 cases) and in each dignostic group. Sixty-four cases of PDD were divided into three groups by CARS and then compared on associated symptoms. Result：The prevalence of comorbid disorder was 19.6% in PDD, 41.2% in DLD. The rate of manifestation of 13 associated symptoms was 31.47% in PDD, 22.13% in DLD on the average. Associated symptoms significantly high in PDD were preoccupation, obsession, self-mutilation, stereotypy, sleep problems, and odd response. In total patient group, associated symptoms that significantly influenced PEP were preoccupation, self-stimulation, stereotypy, inappropriate affect, sleep problems, and odd response. But, in each diagnostic group, no associated symptom influenced PEP. Associated symptoms significantly different between the 3 groups of CARS were stereotypy, anxiety, and sleep problems. Conclusion：These preliminary results suggest that developmental characteristics may influence associated symptoms in PDD children and a realistic approach considering minute diagnosis by associated symptoms and comorbid disorders is required.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2007

This study examines the development direction of Ulsan automobile cluster and suggests strategic interventions, based on the possibility of system transformation in the open economic system. The spatial characteristics of global, national and local production and R&D networks were analyzed to investigate the conditions of Ulsan automobile cluster. And the agglomeration process of automobile industry and the capabilities accumulated in Ulsan were analyzed and alternative developmental path and policy suggestions were proposed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.53-66
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• 1998

This study presents the Family FIRO model for stepfamily development. The Family FIRO model conceptualizes interactional patterns in stepfamily for dealing with developmental tasks and suggests a method for organizing assessment and for prioritizing treatment strategies. Boundary ambiguity role confusion intergenerational coalition and loyalty conflict lack of relationship commitment and resource management issues of stepfamily constitute the inclusion interaction dimension in The Family FIRO model. While power role negotiation conflict decision making and discipline issues represent the control interaction dimension lack of emotional exchange and open self-disclosure issues are intimacy interaction dimension in the stepfamily. The family FIRO model suggests that stepfamily should attend to the developmental tasks related to inclusion before placing a major emphasis on control issues which in turn should come before emphasis on stepfamily intimacy.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.131-137
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• 2008

The salient features of interactive art development through the participation of spectators in the late 20th century could be creativity and possibility of future growth by biological factors. With the development of artificial life studies, Interactive art holds a position in the biological developmental stage, but relevant studies have not been active. This study analyzes three representative case studies located in the emergent stages of development and examines the traits closely so that the foundation of developmental direction of emergent property would be clarified.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.473-477
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• 1997

This research was performed to investigate the developmental ability of mouse oocytes following cold-culture(4$^{\circ}C$) in vitro. When the oocytes were fertilized after 10 hour cold-culture in D-PBS or Ham's F10 with 0.3% BSA, the cleavage rage of the oocytes was not different in the rate of oocytes fertilized in vitro without cold-culture(126/189, 66.2% vs 88/133, 66.7%) and also the rate of embryos developed to blastocyst did not(123/189, 65.1% vs 82/133). But, when the time of the cold-cultre was extended from 10 to 24 hours, the rate of embryos developed to blastocyst was slightly decreased(73.5% vs 52.2%). However, when the oocytes were cultured for 10 and 24hours at 37$^{\circ}C$, the rate of oocytes developed to blastocyst was significantly decreased than that of oocytes following cold-culture. By the results of this study, it'll be possible to utilize effectively the cold-culture of the oocytes when in vitro fertilization is delayed.