• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

Purpose: KLF6, a member of the KLF family, is a ubiquitous zinc finger tumor suppressor protein that is mutated in several human cancers. Our aim was to determine whether the expression pattern of KLF6 might be associated with gastric cancer development and, if so, to determine to which pathologic parameter it is linked. Materials and Methods: For the construction of the gastric cancer tissue microarray, 85 paraffin-embedded tissues containing gastric cancer areas were cored 3 times and transferred to the recipient master block. The expression pattern of KLF6 was examined on tissue microarray slides by using immunohistochemistry and was compared with pathologic parameters, including histologic type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination. Results: The KLF6 protein was expressed on superficial and foveolar epithelial cells in the gastric mucosa. We found loss of KLF6 expression in 28 ($32.9\%$) of the 85 gastric cancer tissues. There was a significant correlation between loss of KLF6 expression and lymph-node metastasis. However, other pathologic parameters, such as histologic type, depth of invasion, and peritoneal dissemination, were not statistically associated with loss of KLF6 expression. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that loss of KLF6 expression may contribute to abnormal regulation of gastrointestinal epithelial cell growth and differentiation and to the development and/or progression of Korean gastric cancer.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.78-91
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• 2010

This study aims to find a way of developing the local food industry by examining CEOs who run local food restaurants. As a result of researching the local food of Daejeon and the Chungnam province, there were 106 kinds of local food. However, all the CEOs of local food restaurants were having difficulty in operating. In order to survey the local food restaurants for development devices, 450 copies of the questionnaire were distributed to man- or woman-CEOs who operate a local food restaurant in Daejeon city and the Chungnam province. Among 450 copies of the distributed questionnaire, 390 copies were collected for this study. It used a total of 370 copies as the effective samples for an empirical analysis except 20 copies with false entries among them. The result of the empirical analysis showed as follows: 1) For the recognition of the local food, there was not difference between males and females. 2) For the factor of success on the local food restaurants, both males and females answered food taste was most important. 3) For the reason why chain business of the local food restaurants was difficult, both males and females answered there were too many side dishes coming with a main dish. 4) For the way of reinforcing competitive power of the local food restaurants, most of the male respondents and all females thought there should be financial support.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.31-55
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• 1986

Generally, the development of shipping is characterized by the amount of traffic flow (traffic volume) and seaborne cargo in the sea. Movement of ships is an essential element of constructing the traffic flow which is represented the dynamic movement of ships in the sea, but on the other band the numbers of arriving and departing the port is the basic factor consisting of the static movement of ships. The amount of cargoes by coastal vessels and ocean trade vessels have increased tremendously with the great growth of the Korean economy these days. This increase of the seaborne cargoes has made the Korean coastal traffic flow so congested that this can be a cause of large pollution as well as great marine casualities such as a loss of human lives and properties . And also the future coastal traffic is expected to increase considerably according to our economic development and high dependence upon foreign trade. Under the circumstance, to devise the safety of coastal traffic flow and to take a proper step of a efficient navigation, there is a necessity for analyzing and surveying the coastal traffic trend and the characteristics of cargo movement. In order to grasp the dynamic movement of ships in the Korean coast, O/D analysis is executed. This paper aims to secure the basic data necessary for a comprehensive plan and estimation of vessel traffic management system for the enhancement of safety, order and efficiency of vessel traffic in the Korean coast. The analyzed results of the traffic flow and seaborne cargoes of the Korean coast are summarized as follows : 1) The congestion by the vessels occurred around the ports such as-in proportion of ship's number (proportion of tonnage) -Incheon 18.5%(14.8%), Pohang 5.9% (9.9%), Samil 5.2%(8.3%), Mokpo 8.6%(0.8%), Pusan 13.5%(36.4%), Ulsan 9.1%(16.2%). 2) It is found that the area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed thatthe area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed that the coastal vessels are main elements constituting the coastal traffic and that there are much traffic flow among five ports as following through the precise O/D analysis of ship's coastal movement. Incheon-Samil, Ulsan, Pusan, Jeju Pusan -Samil, Ulsan, Incheon, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Inchoen, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Ulsan -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Samil -Ulsan, Pusan, Incheon 4) The amount of cargoes to abroad are in proportion about 81% of total and the amount of coastal cargoes are about 19%. Of those, cargoes in and out to Japan are about 26% and to South-east Asia are about 27%. 5) The chief items of foreign cargoes are oil(38.33%), iron ore(13.98%), bituminoous coal(12.74%), grain(8.02%), lumber(6.45%) in the import cargoes and steel material(21.96%), cement(17.16%), oil(6.81%), fertilizer(3.80%) in the export cargoes. 6) The 80.5% of total export cargoes and 92.4% of total import cargoes are flowed in five main ports. 7) The chief items of coastal cargoes are oil (42.45%), cement(16.86%), steel material (6.49%), anthracite(6.31%), mineral product(4.3%), grain, and fertilizer. Almost 92.24% of total import and export oil cargoes in Korea is loaded and unloaded at the port of Samil & Ulsan.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.105-114
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• 2006

The construction craft workers have been getting older and have become drained, in spite of the vital factor that it directly affects productivity and quality as a final producer. This situation in the construction industry is ultimately due to evasion of performances by young craft workers. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose the certification and level system of construction craft workers and to extract young craft workers from the market for construction craft workers so as to supply and demand high quality of craft workers. First of all, the present status and problems of the domestic construction craft workers are considered in this study. Furthermore, the appropriate way to establish its certification and level system is suggested from the Interview with experts, as well as references of German and Australian case. The revitalization of certification and level system provided in this study is expected to ensure that the craft workers are not simple laborers, but are required the professional knowledge and skill. Besides, it will lead to strengthen specificity and to break from aging, by taking young and qualified craft workers into the construction industry. Also, it will promote an employment stability by connecting the social security system.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.99-125
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• 2020

This study analyzes the priority according to the importance of the government's oyster industry support policy using AHP (analytic hierarchy process), and it compares and confirms the satisfaction level of direct and indirect workers using this policy in contribution to the development of the oyster industry. The results of the importance analysis by AHP analysis are as follows: As a result of the evaluation of the importance of the entire sample, it is found that the most important factor is the production facilities of the production supply of the competitiveness enhancement, the purchase of raw materials of the production supply of the competitiveness enhancement, and the aging of the structural risks of risk reduction. Also, significant differences among the workers in the ranking of importance are identified. According to the comprehensive evaluation results of indirect workers, which consist of public officials, the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives, and related professors, raw materials, production facilities, and high-quality products are produced in order to increase competitiveness. There are differences among workers in order of marine pollution of environmental risks, structural fish population reduction, and structural aging of risk factors.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.37-51
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• 2020

Customer participation in the service encounter plays an important role in the interaction process. In addition, customer participation is affecting the development of relationships between customer-service provider. Previous researches revealed the role of customer participation through a fragmented and cross-sectional approach, however, given the dynamics of the relationship, it is necessary to identify the role of customer participation from a longitudinal perspective. In addition, it is necessary to determine the cause of the overlap between the antecedent variables and consequent variables. This study aims to identify the relational role of customer participation by clarifying how customer participation affects relationship development from a longitudinal perspective, focusing on trust and commitment variables which are keys to relationship marketing. The related role of customer participation is analyzed through a regression analysis through long-term data. The results of the study showed that commitment(t1) directly had a positive effect on customer participation. However, trust(t1) has been shown to have a direct positive effect on the sub-dimensions of customer participation, such as personal interaction and responsible behavior. Customer participation(t2) affected by this trust(t1) and commitment(t1) again turned out to have a positive effect on trust(t3) and commitment(t3). In conclusion, although customer participation is affected by the relational variables, it can be seen that customer participation is a major factor that can improve the relational variables again through the interaction process. For this reason, a service firm can seek to develop relationships with customers by drawing and utilizing their needs to exchange information and to interact in the service encounter.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2003

This paper focused on providing the groundwork for the development of proper nursing interventions to enhance the quality of life for the elderly by identifying the factors that may affect their health beliefs and behaviors. A survey was conducted on a group of people aged between 60 and 86 years residing in S and K cities from January to March of 2003, who agreed to participate in the research. Data was collected using instruments measuring health beliefs and health behaviors, and was analyzed by using SPSS. The results of this study are as follow. 1) Those in the group were aged between60 and 86 years, and the average age was 66.94 years old. Most of them were living together with their spouses. From the survey, 83.5% replied "above average" on the question regarding their current health condition, whereas, 46.0% mentioned that they had some sort of diseases. 2) Overall average score of the health belief was 516.05, with a mean $3.71{\pm}4.07$. This indicates that the studied group held a high level of health belief, which affects their attitude and intention to lead a healthy life by placing the present life under control in harmony with nature. 3) Overall average score of the health behaviors was 392.24 with a mean $2.82{\pm}.52$. For health purposes, the behaviors that the elderly people were taking were mostly static ones requiring a low level of activity. The analysis showed that they generally were involved in self-trained, individualized health care. Thus, the elderly place a higher priority on regular dietary behaviors than on physical activity. 4) The correlation between health belief, a cognitive aspect on health, and health behaviors, a behavioral aspect showed a very high linear relationship (r=.520, p<.000). Consequently, it is found that those who have higher cognitive health belief are involved in higher level of behavioral health practice. These findings concluded that the Korean elderly have good health beliefs, well controlling their minds and being harmonious with nature. Health behaviors that they are engaged in are mostly static, requiring low level activity, while they place higher priority on regular dietary habits and conducting self-trained individualized health care. Important factor affecting their health beliefs and health behaviors was found to be their health practice. Since higher health belief is highly related with good health behaviors, development of health activity programs is in need as a means for an efficient health improvement, where motivating environment may be established to enhance the health belief of the elderly and to satisfy individual values.

• Advanced Composite Materials
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2008

The research and development in soundproof materials for preventing noise have attracted great attention due to their social impact. Noise insulation materials are especially important in the field of soundproofing. Since the insulation ability of most materials follows a mass rule, the heavy weight materials like concrete, lead and steel board are mainly used in the current noise insulation materials. To overcome some weak points in these materials, fiber reinforced composite materials with lightweight and other high performance characteristics are now being used. In this paper, innovative insulation sheet materials with carbon and/or glass fabrics and nano-silica hybrid PU resin are developed. The parameters related to sound performance, such as materials and fabric texture in base fabric, hybrid method of resin, size of silica particle and so on, are investigated. At the same time, the wave analysis code (PZFlex) is used to simulate some of experimental results. As a result, it is found that both bundle density and fabric texture in the base fabrics play an important role on the soundproof performance. Compared with the effect of base fabrics, the transmission loss in sheet materials increased more than 10 dB even though the thickness of the sample was only about 0.7 mm. The results show different values of transmission loss factor when the diameters of silica particles in coating materials changed. It is understood that the effect of the soundproof performance is different due to the change of hybrid method and the size of silica particles. Fillers occupying appropriate positions and with optimum size may achieve a better effect in soundproof performance. The effect of the particle content on the soundproof performance is confirmed, but there is a limit for the addition of the fillers. The optimization of silica content for the improvement of the sound insulation effect is important. It is observed that nano-particles will have better effect on the high soundproof performance. The sound insulation effect has been understood through a comparison between the experimental and analytical results. It is confirmed that the time-domain finite wave analysis (PZFlex) is effective for the prediction and design of soundproof performance materials. Both experimental and analytical results indicate that the developed materials have advantages in lightweight, flexibility, other mechanical properties and excellent soundproof performance.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2014

Center for Research of Science and Technology ("PUSPIPTEK") has 460 hectares land area, still maintained as a green area with more than 30% green space. There are 47 centers for research and testing technology, technology-based industries, and as well as public supporting facilities in PUSPIPTEK area. Based on the concepts developed to make this area as an ecological region, PUSPIPTEK can be seen as a model of eco-innovation. The purpose of this research is to develop a model of water, energy and waste management with eco-innovation concept. As a new approach in addressing environmental degradation and maintaining the sustainability of ecosystem, studies related to eco-innovation policy that combines the management of water, energy and waste in the region has not been done. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, a series of techniques for collecting data on PUSPIPTEK existing conditions will be carried out, which includes utilities data (water, electricity, sewage) and master plan of this area. The savings over the implementation of the concept of eco-innovation in water, energy, and waste management were calculated and analyzed using quatitative methods. The amount of cost savings and feasibility were then calculated. Eco innovation in water management among other innovations include the provision of alternative sources of water, overflow of rain water and water environments utilization, and use of gravity to replace the pumping function. Eco-innovation in energy management innovations include the use of LED and solar cell for air conditioning. Eco-innovation in waste management includes methods of composting for organic waste management. The research results: (1) The savings that can be achieved with the implementation of eco innovation in the water management is Rp. 3,032,640 daily, or Rp.1,106,913,600 annually; (2) The savings derived from the implementation of eco innovation through replacement of central AC to AC LiBr Solar Powered will be saved Rp.1,933,992,990 annually and the use of LED lights in the Public street lighting PUSPIPTEK saved Rp.163,454,433 annually; (3) Application of eco innovation in waste management will be able to raise awareness of the environment by sorting organic, inorganic and plastic waste. Composting and plastic waste obtained from the sale revenue of Rp. 44,016,000 per year; (4) Overall, implementation of the eco-innovation system in PUSPIPTEK area can saves Rp. 3,248,377,023 per year, compared to the existing system; and (5)The savings are obtained with implementation of eco-innovation is considered as income. Analysis of the feasibility of the implementation of eco-innovation in water, energy, and waste management in PUSPIPTEK give NPV at a 15% discount factor in Rp. 3,895,228,761; 23.20% of IRR and 4.48 years of PBP. Thus the model of eco-innovation in the area PUSPIPTEK is feasible to implement.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2006

Hepatoma is one of 3 most common malignancies in Korea, the survival rate is not improved since last decades because of delayed diagnosis and limited treatment conditions. Radiation was one of treatment options but the impact on the survival is not remarkable. High dose exposure to target area was suggested for improved effect but low tolerance dose of normal liver tissue is the main limited factor. IMRT is the advanced form of 3DCRT, for focusing high dose on target with minimal dose to surrounding normal tissues. Motion of the tumor by respiration, cardiac pulsation and peristalsis is the main treatment harrier of IMRT for treatment of hepatoma patients. Development of QA technique for acceptable geometrical uncertainties and dose error on target volume is essential for IMRT in clinical treatment but proper QA technique is not yet developed. This study compared the verification film dosimetry with measured dose in phantom and calculated dose in planning computer on exactly same conditions of patient treatments. Within 3% dose differences between 3 groups were confirmed. We suggest that our verification QA technique is easy, economic, iterative and acceptable in clinical application for advanced hepatoma patients.