• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권5호
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• pp.911-921
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• 2022

Maximum residue limits (MRL) for pesticides in feed have been set to protect public health and produce safe livestock products. In vivo experiments to establish MRL are essential, as livestock are commonly used to obtain reliable in vivo quantitative information. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether small laboratory animals can replace or reduce monogastric livestock in experiments to quantify pesticide residues in vivo after oral consumption through feed. First, 24 pigs and rats were randomly assigned to four groups and fed 0, 3, 9, or 30 mg/kg of sulfoxaflor. After four weeks, serum, muscle, fat, liver, kidney, and small intestine samples were collected, and sulfoxaflor residues were analyzed using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Sulfoxaflor residues in pig tissues were significantly correlated with those in rat tissues. Model equations were formulated based on the residual sulfoxaflor amount in pig and rat tissues. The calculated and measured sulfoxaflor residues in pigs and rats showed more than 90% similarity. Sulfoxaflor did not affect body weight gain, feed intake, or the feed conversion ratio. Therefore, we concluded that pesticide residue quantification in vivo to establish MRL could be performed using small laboratory animals instead of livestock animals. This would contribute to obtaining in vivo pesticide residue information and reducing large-scale livestock animal experiments.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.784-790
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• 2018

Objective: The genetic effects of an individual on the phenotypes of its social partners, such as its pen mates, are known as social genetic effects. This study aims to identify the candidate genes for social (pen-mates') average daily gain (ADG) in pigs by using the genome-wide association approach. Methods: Social ADG (sADG) was the average ADG of unrelated pen-mates (strangers). We used the phenotype data (16,802 records) after correcting for batch (week), sex, pen, number of strangers (1 to 7 pigs) in the pen, full-sib rate (0% to 80%) within pen, and age at the end of the test. A total of 1,041 pigs from Landrace breeds were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip panel, which comprised 61,565 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. After quality control, 909 individuals and 39,837 markers remained for sADG in genome-wide association study. Results: We detected five new SNPs, all on chromosome 6, which have not been associated with social ADG or other growth traits to date. One SNP was inside the prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ receptor (PTGFR) gene, another SNP was located 22 kb upstream of gene interferon-induced protein 44 (IFI44), and the last three SNPs were between 161 kb and 191 kb upstream of the EGF latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 (ELTD1) gene. PTGFR, IFI44, and ELTD1 were never associated with social interaction and social genetic effects in any of the previous studies. Conclusion: The identification of several genomic regions, and candidate genes associated with social genetic effects reported here, could contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of interaction traits for ADG. In conclusion, we suggest that the PTGFR, IFI44, and ELTD1 may be used as a molecular marker for sADG, although their functional effect was not defined yet. Thus, it will be of interest to execute association studies in those genes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1513-1520
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• 2014

The present aim was to investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (TCM) on body temperature, blood physiological parameters, nutrient apparent digestibility and growth performance of beef cattle under heat stress conditions. Twenty-seven beef cattle were randomly divided into three groups as following; i) high temperature control (HTC), ii) traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions I+high temperature (TCM I) and iii) traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions II+high temperature (TCM II) (n = 9 per group). The results showed that the mean body temperature declined in TCM II treatment (p<0.05). Serum $T_3$ and $T_4$ levels with TCM I and TCM II treatments elevated (p<0.05), and serum cortisol levels of TCM I treatments decreased (p<0.05), compared with the HTC group. Total protein, albumin, globulin in TCM II treatments elevated and blood urea nitrogen levels of both TCM treatments increased, but glucose levels of both TCM treatments decreased, compared with the HTC group (p<0.05). The apparent digestibility of organic matter and crude protein with TCM I treatment increased, and the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber elevated in both TCM treatments (p<0.05). Average daily feed intake was not different among three groups, however average daily gain increased and the feed:gain ratio decreased with both TCM treatments, compared with the HTC group (p<0.05). The present results suggest that dietary supplementation with TCM I or TCM II improves growth performance of heat stressed beef cattle by relieving heat stress responses and increasing nutrient apparent digestibility.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.72-72
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• 2003

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glucose, dextrin and starch on growth and body composition of juvenile starry flounder. Triplicate groups of fish (average weight, 9.7 g) were fed iso-nitrogenous (53% CP) and iso-caloric (3.8 kcal/g diet) diets containing 20% glucose, 20% dextrin and 5-25% alpha-potato starch with 5-14% lipid levels. Survival was not affected by dietary carbohydrate. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the diet containing 20% glucose were the lowest among all groups. The best weight gain was observed in fish fed the diets containing 20% dextrin. Growth and feed efficiency were not affected by dietary -potato starch level. Lipid contents of whole body and liver were not affected by dietary glucose, dextrin and starch at the same level. However, the lipid contents tended to decrease with increasing dietary starch level and those of fish fed the diets containing 5% alpha-potato starch were significantly higher than those receiving 10-25% alpha-potato starch. Liver glycogen content and hepatosomatic index tended to increase with increasing dietary starch level. These results indicate that juvenile starry flounder are able to efficiently utilize dextrin and -potato starch compare to glucose in diets and that alpha-potato starch could be incorporated up to 25% in the diet for optimum growth by juvenile starry flounder.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1504-1513
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• 2011

It is important to identify genetic interactions related to human diseases or animal traits. Many linear statistical models have been reported but they did not consider genetic interactions. Genotype matrix mapping (GMM) has been developed to identify genetic interactions. This study uses the GMM method to detect superior SNP combinations of the CCDC158 gene that influences average daily gain, marbling score, cold carcass weight and longissimus muscle dorsi area traits in Hanwoo. We evaluated the statistical significance of the major SNP combinations selected by implementing the permutation test of the F-measure. The effect of g.34425+102 A>T (AA), g.8778G>A (GG) and g.4102+36T>G (GT) SNP combinations produced higher performance of average daily gain, marbling score, cold carcass weight and the longissimus muscle dorsi area traits than the effect of a single SNP. GMM is a fast and reliable method for multiple SNP analysis with potential application in marker-assisted selection. GMM may prospectively be used for genetic assessment of quantitative traits after further development.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

The objective of this study was conducted to develope a mobile pig nursery(MPN) for segregation of early weaned piglet. The units of MPN was consisted of 4 rectangle-type pens, 1 workroom, 2 doors, 3 windows, 1 air-inlet, 1 exhaust fan, and 1 cooling and heating system. Total of 40 piglet were weaned at 7 days of age. The period of the feeding test was 63 days. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The insulation thickness was 70, 70 and 50 mm of roof, floor and wall, respectively. R-value was 15.32 and 10.32 of roof and wall, respectively. 2. Exhaust fan( 30.48) was installed near back door 40cm from the bottom. When exhaust fan speeds were 15, 20, 30 and 35%, Air ventilation was required 9.75, 7.07, 1.72, 1.45 minutes of respectively. 3. Average temperature in the MPN was able to maintain 27∼28$^{\circ}C$ from 7∼28 days of age, 24∼25$^{\circ}C$ from 35∼56 days of age and 20∼21.5$^{\circ}C$ from 56∼70 days of age. 4. Average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion were 420.6g, 761.5g, 1.81 respectively.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2016

GPS P(Y) 코드와 같은 암호화 항법 신호원은 재생이 불가능하므로 기만에 강건하다. 하지만 암호화 신호원을 이용하기 위해서는 위성항법시스템 운용국가로부터 허가를 얻어야 하고 이용에 있어서도 상당한 제약이 따른다. 본 논문에서는 고이득 지향성 안테나를 이용하는 지상 기준국과 일반 위성항법 사용자를 모의하였다. 지상 기준국은 특정 항법위성에 대한 고이득 신호로부터 해당 위성이 방송하는 암호화 신호 코드를 복조하였다. 복조된 암호화 신호코드는 사용자 수신기 모의 데이터의 이상여부를 판단하고, 기만여부를 판단할 수 있었다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 방식을 적용하는 기만검출 기법을 제안하고 GPS 시뮬레이터를 이용한 모의 분석 결과를 다룬다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.504-512
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• 1990

In experiment 1, dietary self-selection of the 3 macronutrients, protein, fat, and carbohydrate were examined in male rats given 3 food cups of 80% carbohydrate, 80% protein, and 70% fat diets simultaneously. All the rats showed normal growth pattern and organ weight, which means they have ability to select just right kinds and amounts of nurients in order to support their growth and development. Mean values of caloric intake, body weight gain, serum lipid values and empty carcass compositions were not significantly differ between the upper and lower quartile groups of fat proportion of empty carcass compared to the lower quartile group(LF). Same feeding design was employed in experiment 2 where the effect of mild electric stress on food selection was studied. The rats in both control and electric stress group revealed a normal growth curve and organ weights. The rats in both control and electric stress group revealed a normal growth curve and organ weights. The stress group showed higher caloric intake and body weight gain than control group, but no significant effects of stress on serum and empty carcass components was found. Even though normal rats seemed to select macronutrients according to their physiolosical needs, there were individual differences in food selection whether they were exposed to stress or not. Therefore life long individual food selection pattern may have a great influence on nutritional status and chronic degenerative diseases of eldery, and on aging process.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2017

There has been an influx of traders and researchers eager to gain a better understanding of the market due to the rapid growth of the FOREX market. Traders with varying degree of experience are also often inundated with information, analysis methods as well as trading rules when making a trading decision on buying/selling a currency exchange pair. Thus, this paper reviews the current computational tools and analysis methods used within the FOREX trading community and proposes the development of a web-based trading platform with e-learning features to support beginners. Novice traders could also benefit from the use of the proposed e-learning trading platform as it helps them gain valuable knowledge and navigate the FOREX market in real-time. Even experienced traders would find it useful as the platform could be used for actual trading and acts as a reference point to understand the reasoning behind the certain technical analysis implementation that are still unclear to them.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

The plant hormone auxin regulates the overall metabolic processes essential for plant growth and development. Auxin signaling is mediated by early auxin response genes, which are classified into three major families: AUXIN/INDOLE ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA), GRETCHEN HAGEN3 (GH3) and SMALL AUIN UP RNA (SAUR). The SAUR gene family is the largest family among early auxin response genes and encodes the small and highly unstable gene products. The functional roles of SAUR genes have remained unclear for many years. The traditional genetic and molecular studies on the SAUR functions have been hampered by their likely genetic redundancy and tandem arrays of highly related genes in the plant genome, together with the molecular characteristics of SAUR. However, recent studies have suggested possible roles of SAUR in a variety of tissues and developmental stages in accordance with the novel approaches such as gain-of-function and RNA silencing techniques. In this review, the recent research progress on the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of SAUR and a set of possible future works are discussed.