• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.305-319
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• 2022

The Chinese government has been promoting core industries in accordance with the 'Made in China 2025'. As a result of injecting huge subsidies to develop core industries, a great success has been achieved in the electric vehicle and battery industry, however, the semiconductor industry has almost no performance. This study aims to examine whether the subsidy policy of a developing country helps their own domestic firm to overcome the first mover advantage of an advanced country's firm. From the game theoretical analysis, the results have shown that the subsidy policy of the developing country's government creates the profits shifting effect which arises from the developed country's firm to the developing country's firm. When there exists R&D efficiency gap between the two firms, however, most of these profit shifting effects are offset, which implies that the subsidy policy of developing countries is likely to fail.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.56-61
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• 2014

Standing in front of the huge benefits that shipping industry brings about in economy, politics and society of a country, many countries, especially the developing countries have strived hard to invest and develop their shipping industry (if any) by many methods such as economic reform act, tax allowance or even raising capital from domestic and foreign resources which seems very difficult to implement in the 21st century. According to analysis of A. Gerschenkron - a Russian economic historian at around 60 years ago, developing countries, who regarded shipping as an industry of strategic value with multi-dimensional affects for economic development, had utilized their backward advantages and imported modern technology, capital and skillful labor from more advanced countries in the course of fast industrialization in their countries. In fact, Gerschenkron model has applied in shipping industry of many backward countries. Korea's industrialization in shipping analyzed by Tae-Woo Lee (1996) could considered as a good example, in which the country makes use of policies on capital of tonnage finance, ideology, labor management in order to develop the industry. In this paper, the authors try to find the applicability of the Gerschenkron model to the shipping industry in developing countries, especially in Vietnam. And some questions which are necessary for the author's next paper about developing strategies to shipping industry in developing countries will be asked.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2017

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) has seen as the potential to improve profitability and productivity in many areas as well as gaining notable attention in many countries. Despite, there has been some uncertainty about the e-commerce impacts for developing countries. The sufficient basic infrastructural deficiency, socio-political, economic and the lack of government public ICT policies have formed the significant barriers to the adoption and e-commerce growth in developing countries. Even though there are many researchers have found the common barriers to e-commerce in the developing nations, all business models targeting those countries are not equally successful. Small companies' persistence failed to challenge the e-commerce barriers in Cambodia because the firms didn't know the correct business model to succeed in this country online market. Therefore, this study will discuss the existing barriers which lead to limit e-commerce growth in Cambodia and the suggested solutions with the suitable business model for the e-commerce business in the country too.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.630-655
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• 2022

This paper examines the integrated QR code payment service (QRIS) adoption by retailers in Indonesia. Indonesia started its cashless journey in 2017 by using electric money in card form. As the country keeps developing, Indonesia has planned to integrate its payment towards a cross-border payment using QR codes by 2025 in the South East Asian region. Facing government vision, MSMEs that act as the significant economy wheel in Indonesia was required to be prepared to face the multi-cultural, multi-currency, and the new tech innovation for doing transactions. However, as a developing country, Indonesia faced significant problems with its infrastructure, which made it hard for merchants to access digital payment. As infrastructure was a common problem for developing countries, Indonesia also faced financial inclusion, lack of digital knowledge, a high amount of cash use, and socialization that made low digital payment penetration. Therefore, as there was a need to increase digital payment penetration for ASEAN integrated payment, this study found that merchant compatibility, facilitating conditions, trust, and relative advantages are drivers for MSMEs using this payment method. Further, this research provides propositions for banks, financial institutions, and governments to develop and evolve towards a cashless ecosystem, especially for a country lacking infrastructure.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.237-264
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• 2009

선도적으로 기술창출단계의 기술혁신에 성공하여 최초경로로 기술리더가 된 국내기업에 대한 혁신 연구는 새롭게 도전하려는 국내기업과 개발도상국기업에게 시행착오를 줄일 수 있는 시사점을 제공할 수 있다. 그러나 개발도상국기업의 기술창출단계 혁신에 대한 연구가 부족하며, 특히 프로세스혁신에 대한 연구는 제품혁신연구에 비해 더욱 부족한 상황이다. 본 연구는 기술창출단계의 프로세스 기술혁신 프로젝트를 대상으로 하는 탐색적 연구이다. 최초경로로 기술리더가 된 POSCO의 FINEX(파이넥스) 사례에서는 기술창출단계 혁신은 기술내재화단계 고도화의 연장선이라기보다는 높은 위험을 감수하는 최고경영층의 결단에 의해 시도되는 불연속적인 특성이 있으며, 기술창출단계 혁신을 시작하는 개발도상국기업이 일반적으로 초기에 직면하는 원천기술을 개발을 위한 기술역량의 부족은 원천기술을 개발 중인 선발자와의 보완적 기술협력을 통해 극복하였다. 그리고 선진국 경쟁자보다 뒤늦게 기술 개발을 시작하였지만 가장 먼저 상용화단계에 도달할 수 있었던 것은 기술개발 가속화(Speed-up)로 기술개발속도에 영향을 주는 세부요인을 파악하였다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2019

Purpose - This describes a comparative study about the Online banking system between developing country (Bangladesh) and developed country (South Korea). Research design, data, and Methodology - Use comparison as the descriptive situation, secondary data were used to determine the differences between both countries with respect to Online banking. And also show the representative cases of online banking, kakao bank and bKash. Result - The results showed that the data indicate that both nations are dissimilar in providing basic and additional services offered by their traditional commercial banks. And different cultures and traditions in financial industry will play a major role in the adaption and development of online banking industry among different nations. Belief on lack of effort on educating the consumers toward online banking further affected the usability of online banking in both countries. Conclusions - this comparative study provides insightful guidelines for the future development of online banking industry in developing nations and worldwide. Also, managerial and empirical implications are discussed with suggestions for future research.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2007

한 국가의 환경오염이 정치적 경계선에 불과한 국경에 한정되지 않고 인접국 또는 지구의 환경에 직 간접적인 영향을 미치기 때문에, 역으로 지구환경보호에 관한 국제적 논의결과는 곧바로 국내 환경법과 환경정책에 영향을 미치게 된다. 국제환경법은 '차별적 공동책임'이라는 원칙하에 선진국과 개발도상국 간의 차별적인 의무체계를 형성하고 있다. 차별적 공동책임은 모든 국가에게 공동의 환경보호책임을 확인하면서도 지구환경문제에 대한 선진국과 개발도상국 간의 역사적 책임의 차이와 환경문제를 다룰 수 있는 경제적 기술적 능력의 차이를 인정하여 국제의무를 차별화한다는 것이다. 그 예로써 선진국의 개발도상국에 대한 환경기술이전과 재정 지원 등이 논의되어 왔다. 문제는 우리나라의 지위이다. 선진국과 개발도상국의 지위에 따른 국제환경의무의 차이만큼이나 우리나라의 국제적 환경정책 또한 달라질 것이기 때문이다. 그 어느 국제법도 선진국과 개발도상국의 구분 기준을 명확히 확립하지 못하였다. WTO는 개발도상국 지위결정을 자기선택에 맡기고 있으며, 국제환경법에서는 협상능력에 따라 그 지위가 좌우되곤 한다. 결국 일반국제법 차원에서 우리나라의 지위가 고정될 수 없으며 정부는 선진국 또는 개발도상국의 지위를 전략적 차원에서 선택할 수 있다. 우리나라가 스스로 개발도상국임을 주장하여 국제의무의 부담을 줄이는 것도 좋은 선택일 수 있겠지만, 각종 경제지표 및 환경오염지표에서 10위권을 유지하고 있는 우리나라의 규모에 비추어볼 때 우리나라의 현실은 선진국에 가깝다고 보여진다. 친환경기술 및 상품의 개발이라는 적극적 정책이 개도국 주장이라는 방어적 정책보다 우선이다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2022

Public investment is the process of investing capital in projects that serve national interests and thereby create a driving force for economic development in each country. Especially in developing countries, investment capital is limited, so improving the efficiency of public investment becomes a decisive factor for economic development and enhancing the country's status and ultimately making the country a should be rich. Vietnam has a low starting point, has gone through the doi moi process, and has gradually become a middle-income country, and public investment is attracting attention to improve the quality of the country's infrastructure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the effectiveness of public debt management in Vietnam, through a survey of 150 experts with knowledge of public investment and public debt management, using the results of the estimation through the Using SPSS software, the research results show that the monitoring system and human resource quality have an impact on the effectiveness of public debt management. The study could not, however, discover any proof of the influence of institutional quality, geographic location, or accountability on the effectiveness of public debt management. The research also addresses several policy recommendations for Vietnam that would help the country manage its public debt better in the future.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.91-115
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• 2018

This paper aims to identify the most effective mode of development finance flows for the economic growth of middle-income developing and least developed countries, separately. It also attempts to confirm whether governance has any significant role in the causal relationship between development finance flows and economic growth. Policymakers in each developing country should select the most effective modality of development finance inflows among the different modalities (such as Official Development Assistance (ODA) grants, Official Development Assistance (ODA) loans, FDI, and international personal remittances) and expand it for their economic growth. Dynamic panel regression models were used on 48 least developed countries and 89 middle-income developing countries, respectively, during the Millennium Development Era: 2000-2015. The empirical analysis results show that ODA grants and remittances were most effective in promoting economic growth for least developed countries, while FDI was most effective for middle-income developing countries. These findings were not affected by the status of governance of the individual country.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.2732-2742
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• 2014

지난 수십년간 외국인직접투자의 역할은 증가하여 왔다. 특히, 동아시아와 BRICs는 외국인직접투자를 통해 급속한 경제발전을 이룩하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 많은 개발도상국들은 빈곤에서 벗어나지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 논문은 외국인직접투자와 개발도상국의 경제적 성과를 살펴보고자 1990년부터 2011년 기간 동안 88개 개발도상국을 대상으로 외국인직접투자를 명시적으로 포함하는 확장된 신고전학파적 솔로우 모형을 이용하여 분석하고자 한다. 분석결과, 외국인직접투자는 개발도상국의 경제적 성과에 유의하게 기여한다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.