• 제목/요약/키워드: Developed Asian countries

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동아시아 지역재분석자료 생산의 전망 (Perspective of East Asian Reanalysis Data Production)

  • 박상종;최용상
    • 대기
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.173-183
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    • 2011
  • Production of reanalysis data is important since it contributes to develop all fields of atmospheric sciences and to profit national economy. The developed countries such as USA, EU, and Japan have manufactured the global reanalysis data since the 1990s, but their data present a lack of detailed regional climates. For those who need to analyze the regional climate in/around Korea, a high-resolution reanalysis data should essentially be made. This study reviewed the existing reanalysis data and the applications, and the available observations for the data production. We also investigated the opinions and needs of the potential data users in Korea. We suggest the specifications of the data to have the domain of 55-5N, 80-150E (which includes Mongolia and most Southeast Asian countries), the spatial resolution of 10-20 km, and the period of most recent 30 years. With the specifications and climate models operated in KMA, this study argues that production of the reanalysis data with functional climate information is feasible in both technical and economic aspects. Finally, for successful data production, the framework of the future reanalysis data project was suggested.

Urban Innovation through Mega Sport Events: Evidence from the City of Seoul

  • Ahn, Yongjin;Kim, Minkyung
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.132-154
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    • 2021
  • A mega sport event as the globalization phenomenon is not only the symbol of the process of modernization but also the vehicle to upgrade global power and hold a dominant position in the world competition under the post-industrial era. This study notifies the role of mega sport events as a strategy for urban innovation in the context of global and local. Comparing the different roles of mega sport events between developing countries and developed countries, we intend to answer two questions: 1) what explains the nature and role of mega sport event, and 2) what are the major evidences of the transition in the globalization era. The conceptual framework, based on the temporal and spatial perspective, provides the mechanism through which the strategy for urban innovation has been changed from 'motivation for modernization' to 'rethinking of localization.' Focusing on the case of Seoul, we also compare major issues between two phases: role of agent, urban form, and urban development. Finally, this study sheds light on the concept of 'glocalization' which means the convergence of globalization and localization; and suggests the roles of (local) agent for hosting mega sport events.

한국과 중국의 건설 클레임 비교연구 (A Comparative Study on the Construction Claims in Korea and China)

  • 장려위;이윤선;김재준
    • 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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    • pp.897-900
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    • 2008
  • 경제의 세계화와 지속적인 국제건설시장 개방으로 인해 많은 국가들이 더욱더 치열해지는 국내외 건설 시장의 경쟁에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 배경으로 각 나라들도 해외시장에서 여러 가지 기술과 도구를 통해 최대한 수익을 창출할 수 있도록 노력하고 있다. 그러나 국가 간의 계약에서 클레임의 발생은 계약자들한테 발전의 걸림돌이 되었고 많은 손실과 피해를 초래해 왔다. 이에 따라서 건설 클레임의 관리는 복잡한 경제 활동 중 제일 중요한 도전이라고도 과언이 아니다. 현재 미국과 프랑스 같은 선진국들이 계약관리와 클레임에 대한 방법론들을 통해서 많은 발전을 취득해 온 반면에 한국과 중국 같은 아시아 국가들은 선진국에 비해 아직 큰 격차가 존재하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국과 중국의 건설 클레임을 비교 분석하여 공통점과 차이점을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

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Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade between Vietnam and Countries in TPP

  • NGUYEN, Ha Minh;QUAN, Binh Quoc Minh;LE, Huong Van;TRAN, Thinh Van
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2020
  • Intra-industry trade (IIT) has played an important role in international trade of Vietnam as a result of rapid growth of the country. This article investigates the level of IIT between Vietnam and 11 trading partners in Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) over the period 2000-2014. Although there have been a large number of empirical researches contributed to the determinants of IIT, most of them only pay attention on developed countries where the trade flows are similar due to similar demand structure and production technology. Until now, there is no study on intra-industry trade between Vietnam and countries in TPP that Vietnam recently signed a trade agreement in early 2016. IIT is measured by the Grubel-Lloyd index. The index shows that the extent of intra-industry trade between Vietnam and the trading countries is not high due to the level of economic development and the market size. The determinants of IIT are examined using a panel regression model. In the empirical analysis, the results indicate that Vietnam's intra-industry trade is positively correlated with country size, while it is negatively correlated with income dissimilarity, the trade openness, and geographical distance. This study contributes to the new theoretical trade theory on the evidence of developing country's IIT.

환경성 석면노출의 건강영향 (Health Effects of Environmental Asbestos Exposure)

  • 강동묵
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 2009
  • In Korea, asbestos related diseases (ARDs) associated with occupational and environmental asbestos exposures have been reported, and commercial products contaminated with asbestos have gathered huge public attentions recently. Review of previous studies was conducted. Whereas asbestos consumptions among developed countries have decreased, those of Asian countries have increased, which showed typical international transfer of hazardous industries. In Korea residents around former asbestos mines had ARDs, which were reported in many countries such as South Africa, Canada and Australia. ARDs among residents around asbestos factories were found in many countries such as United Kingdom, United States and Italia, and increased relative risks were reported among residents around asbestos textile factories in Korea. Increased air asbestos concentrations by environmental asbestos leakages from factories were correlated with higher malignant mesothelioma incidence rates. When air dispersion model applied, excess incidence rate as far as 2.5 km from a factory were observed. As mesothelioma incidence rate, a representative index of ARD, in Korea has not reported systemically, mandatory reporting system by health personnel who diagnose the disease needs to be introduced. It is hard to conclude that commercials with contaminated asbestos do not have adverse health effects, and further studies are needed to solve these public questions.

Lessons from Korean Innovation Model for ASEAN Countries Towards a Knowledge Economy

  • Ocon, Joey D.;Phihusut, Doungkamon;del Rosario, Julie Anne D.;Tuan, Trinh Ngoc;Lee, Jaeyoung
    • STI Policy Review
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.19-40
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    • 2013
  • The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) achieved relatively rapid economic growth over the past decade. Sustainable growth among member states, however, is put into question due to macroeconomic challenges, political risk, and vulnerability to external shocks. Developed countries, in contrast, have turned into less labor-intensive technologies to further expand their economies. In this paper, we review the science, technology, and innovation (STI) policies and statuses of the scientific and technological capabilities of the ASEAN member countries. Empirical results based on STI indicators (R&D spending, publications, patents, and knowledge economy indices) reveal considerable variation between the science and technology (S&T) competence and effectiveness of STI policies of ASEAN members. We have categorized nations into clusters according their situations in their S&T productivity. Under the Korean Innovation Model, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Brunei are classified as being in the institutional-building stage, while Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam in the catch up stage, and Singapore in the post-catch up stage. Finally, policy prescriptions on how to enhance the S&T capabilities of the developing ASEAN countries, based on the South Korea development experience, are presented.

The Impact of Free Trade Agreements on Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of Korea

  • Bae, Chankwon;Jang, Yong Joon
    • East Asian Economic Review
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.417-444
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    • 2013
  • This paper aims to empirically identify the effects of FTAs on outward and inward FDIs in Korea. Considering the income differences between Korea and its FTA partners, we hypothesize that FTAs have a positive effect on outward FDI to developing countries and inward FDI from developed countries. An underlying source of the hypothesis is the Knowledge-Capital model, addressing the positive (negative) relationship between trade costs and horizontal (vertical) FDI. We test for the hypothesis using data on Korea's FTAs and FDI over the period 2000-2010. We find that our empirical results support the hypothesis, and additionally, FTAs in general encourage FDI by creating an FDI-friendly environment.

동북아 전력계통 연계를 위한 신뢰도 산정에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Reliability Evaluation for Interconnecting Power Systems in Northeast Asia)

  • 최재석;차준민
    • 전기학회논문지
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    • 제57권7호
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    • pp.1129-1134
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    • 2008
  • This paper proposes a reliability evaluation for interconnection planning using a tie line equivalent assisting generator model (TEAG) that considers the uncertainties of the interconnected transmission systems and the tie lines. Development of this model was triggered by the need to perform probabilistic reliability evaluations on the NEAREST (North East Asia Region Electric Systems Tied) interconnection. The TEAG is the basis for the newly developed interconnection systems reliability evaluation computer program, NEAREL. The model is capable of considering uncertainties associated with generators, tie lines, and the tied grids. Reliability evaluations for six interconnection scenarios involving the power systems of six countries in the Asian north eastern region were performed using NEAREL. Sensitivity analysis was used to determine reasonable tie line capacities for three interconnected country scenarios of the six countries. Test results and summarized comments of the scenarios are included in the paper.

The Present and Future of Food Market in the Northeast Asia: Drinks Market

  • Moon, Junghoon;Jeong, Jaeseok
    • Agribusiness and Information Management
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2011
  • The main goal of this study is to show promising future food market of Northeast Asia countries, including China, Japan, and South Korea. Drinks market, including soft and alcoholic drinks is selected to show global food companies new opportunities for next strategic movements. Market Attractiveness Matrix is developed based on BCG matrix as a main framework for this study. CDI (Category Development Index) is also used. It is found that Asia-pacific has fast-growing markets and it has strong potential for future investment. Northeast Asia countries (China, Japan, and South Korea) turned out to be ones of the most attractive regional markets. However, European drinks market is saturated even though its size is still big. This study suggests that Northeast Asian market be considered a market for the next strategic movement and investment.

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The Environmental and Economic Impact of Trade between South Korea and the United States

  • Tae-Jin Kim;Nikolas Tromp
    • East Asian Economic Review
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.37-67
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    • 2024
  • This paper analyses carbon emissions and value-added embodied in trade between two large developed countries, South Korea and the United States, during 2000-2014. Using multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables, our analysis reveals that carbon emissions and value-added embodied in exports grew by 19% and 101% for South Korea but shrank by 43% and 7% for the United States. As a result, South Korea experienced a 40% increase in net carbon exports and 243% increase in net value-added exports. At the industry level, the primary drivers of changes in carbon exports were electricity and basic materials. The majority of industries in witnessed improvements in carbon intensities suggesting improved environmental efficiency. While both countries achieved a decoupling of carbon emissions from value-added exports, substantial year-to-year and sectoral variations were observed. Finally, structural decomposition analysis indicates that domestic supply-side factors played a role in decreasing emissions whereas foreign demand-side factors contributed to emissions increases. In line with the main findings, various implications for policy and future research are discussed.