• Title/Summary/Keyword: Detection characteristics

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A mini-review on discharge characteristics and management of microplastics in sewage treatment plants (국내·외 연구사례를 통해 본 하수처리시설 미세플라스틱 배출특성 및 관리방안 고찰)

  • Jeong, Dong-Hwan;Ju, Byoungkyu;Lee, Wonseok;Chung, Hyenmi;Park, Junwon;Kim, Changsoo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.337-348
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    • 2018
  • As the issue of microplastics (MPs) detection in tap water was raised in other countries in 2017, monitoring of MPs in drinking and source water, and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents was initiated. This study intends to look into other studies on MPs in STPs at home and abroad, and review the characteristics of MPs and their removal efficiencies in the STPs, the risk and effect of MPs on watersheds, and management practices in order to help better understand MPs in STPs. To manage MPs effectively in STPs, it is necessary to investigate the detection of MPs discharged from STPs, do research on human health risk and control measures, and build a monitoring system including standardized analytical methods.

Distribution and Molecular Characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus Isolated from Seawater Along the Gadeok Island Coast (가덕도 연안 해수에서 Vibrio vulnificus의 분포 및 분리균주의 병원성 유전자 특성)

  • Oh, Hee-Kyung;Jeong, Hee-Jin;Kim, Young-Mog
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.53 no.5
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    • pp.688-693
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    • 2020
  • Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative marine bacterium known to cause septicemia. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of V. vulnificus along the coast of Gadeok Island in Korea and to determine the molecular characteristics of isolated strains sampled between March and November 2019 from seawater. The strains were mostly detected between July and September, when the average water temperature and average salinity were 22.2-26.2℃ and 14.2-29.9 psu, respectively. V. vulnificus was not detected in seawater below 15℃. In September, the highest population of V. vulnificus was observed at 2,100 MPN (most probable number)/100 mL, attributable to decreased salinity from heavy rains. In addition, the detection rate of V. vulnificus was higher at the sampling station near the Nakdong River. Virulence-related genes were also identified among the isolates, such as vvhA (97.1%), viuB (44.1%), and vcgC (57.4%). In particular, viuB and vcgC were only observed in V. vulnificus isolated from June to September, when the detection rate was high and water temperature was above 20℃, suggesting the role of seasonal characteristics.

Kabuki syndrome: clinical and molecular characteristics

  • Cheon, Chong-Kun;Ko, Jung Min
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.58 no.9
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    • pp.317-324
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    • 2015
  • Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare syndrome characterized by multiple congenital anomalies and mental retardation. Other characteristics include a peculiar facial gestalt, short stature, skeletal and visceral abnormalities, cardiac anomalies, and immunological defects. Whole exome sequencing has uncovered the genetic basis of KS. Prior to 2013, there was no molecular genetic information about KS in Korean patients. More recently, direct Sanger sequencing and exome sequencing revealed KMT2D variants in 11 Korean patients and a KDM6A variant in one Korean patient. The high detection rate of KMT2D and KDM6A mutations (92.3%) is expected owing to the strict criteria used to establish a clinical diagnosis. Increased awareness and understanding of KS among clinicians is important for diagnosis and management of KS and for primary care of KS patients. Because mutation detection rates rely on the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis and the inclusion or exclusion of atypical cases, recognition of KS will facilitate the identification of novel mutations. A brief review of KS is provided, highlighting the clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with KS.

A Study on the Fault Detection of Auto-transmission Using the Vibrational Characteristics of Roller Bearings (롤러 베어링의 진동특성을 이용한 자동변속기 결함 검출에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Ki-Ho;Jung, Sang-Jin;Wee, Hyuk;Lee, Gook-Sun;Cho, Seong-Ho
    • Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.268-273
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    • 2009
  • The roller bearings play an important role not only sustain radial or axial load of system, but carry out a rotatory movement as a various operating conditions. They happen that incipient faults which were caused by excessive load, manufacturing or assembling process's errors and many other reasons are created. The bearing faults make noise and vibration by a continuous collision of rotatory components, which can lower the quality and stability of auto-transmission. Therefore, it is important to detect the early fault as soon as possible. This paper presents a detecting method for the improvement in quality by developing the program which can be used to analyze and predict the vibrational characteristics caused by roller bearing faults. We completed development of the inspection system of vibration by applying the most efficient detecting methods and verified the system's reliability through experiments.

A Possible Application of the PD Detection Technique Using Electro-Optic Pockels Cell With Nonlinear Characteristic Analysis on the PD signals

  • Kang, Won-Jong;Lim, Yun-Sok;Chang, Young-Moo;Koo, Ja-Yoon
    • KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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    • v.11C no.2
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    • pp.6-11
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    • 2001
  • Abstract- In this paper, a new Partial Discharge (PD) detection using Pockels cell was proposed and considerable apparent chaotic characteristics were discussed. For this purpose, PD was generated from needle-plane electrode in air and detecte by optical measuring system using Pockels cell, based on Mach-Zehner interferometer, consisting of He-Ne laser, single mode optical fiber, 50/50 beam splitter and photo detector. In addition, the presence of chaos of the PD signals has been investigated by examining their means of qualitative and quantitative information. For the former, return map and 3-dimensional strange attractor have been drawn in order to investigate the presence of chaotic characteristics relevant to PD signals, detected through CT and Peckels sensor respectively, in the normalized time series. The presence of strange attractor indicates the existence of fractal structures in it's phase space. For the latter, several dimension values of strange attractor were verified sequentially. Throughout this paper, it is likely that the chaotic characteristics regarding the PD signals under air are verified.

Etching-Bonding-Thin film deposition Process for MEMS-IR SENSOR Application (MEMS-IR SENSOR용 식각-접합-박막증착 기반공정)

  • Park, Yun-Kwon;Joo, Byeong-Kwon;Park, Heung-Woo;Park, Jung-Ho;Yom, S.S.;Suh, Sang-Hee;Oh, Myung-Hwan;Kim, Chul-Ju
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1998.07g
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    • pp.2501-2503
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    • 1998
  • In this paper, the silicon-nitride membrane structure for IR sensor was fabricated through the etching and the direct bonding. The PTO layer as a IR detection layer was deposited on the membrane and its characteristics were measured. The attack of PTO layer during the etching of silicon wafer as well as the thermal isolation of the IR detection layer can be solved through the method of bonding/etching of silicon wafer. Because the PTO layer of c-axial orientation raised thermal polarization without polling, the more integration capability can be achieved. The surface roughness of the membrane was measured by AFM, the micro voids and the non-contacted area were inspected by IR detector, and the bonding interface was observed by SEM. The polarization characteristics and the dielectric characteristics of the PTO layer were measured, too.

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Identification and genetic characterization of bacterial isolates causing brown blotch on cultivated mushrooms in Korea

  • Chan-Jung Lee;Hye-Sung Park;Seong-Yeon Jo;Gi-Hong An;Ja-Yun Kim;Kang-Hyo Lee
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.37-47
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    • 2024
  • Fluorescent bacteria were isolated from sporocarps that browned into various mushrooms during survey at places of the production in Korea. We examined the pathogenicity, biodiversity, and genetic characteristics of the 19 strains identified as Pseudomonas tolaasii by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and White Line Assay. The results emphasize the importance of rpoB gene system, fatty acid profiles, specific and sensitive PCR assays, and lipopeptide detection for the identification of P. tolaasii. As a result of these various analyses, 17 strains (CHM03~CHM19) were identified as P. tolaasii. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that all strains were clustered closest to P. tolaasii lineage, two strains (CHM01, CHM02) were not identified as P. tolaasii and have completely different genetic characteristics as a result of fatty acids profile, specific and sensitive PCR, lipopetide detection, rpoB sequence and REP-PCR analysis. Pathogenicity tests showed 17 strains produce severe brown discolouration symptoms to button mushrooms and watersoaking of sporophore tissue within three days after inoculation. But two strains did not produce discolouration symptoms. Therefore, these two strains will be further investigated for correct species identification by different biological and molecular characteristics.

A Study of Anomaly Detection for ICT Infrastructure using Conditional Multimodal Autoencoder (ICT 인프라 이상탐지를 위한 조건부 멀티모달 오토인코더에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Byungjin;Lee, Jonghoon;Han, Sangjin;Park, Choong-Shik
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.57-73
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    • 2021
  • Maintenance and prevention of failure through anomaly detection of ICT infrastructure is becoming important. System monitoring data is multidimensional time series data. When we deal with multidimensional time series data, we have difficulty in considering both characteristics of multidimensional data and characteristics of time series data. When dealing with multidimensional data, correlation between variables should be considered. Existing methods such as probability and linear base, distance base, etc. are degraded due to limitations called the curse of dimensions. In addition, time series data is preprocessed by applying sliding window technique and time series decomposition for self-correlation analysis. These techniques are the cause of increasing the dimension of data, so it is necessary to supplement them. The anomaly detection field is an old research field, and statistical methods and regression analysis were used in the early days. Currently, there are active studies to apply machine learning and artificial neural network technology to this field. Statistically based methods are difficult to apply when data is non-homogeneous, and do not detect local outliers well. The regression analysis method compares the predictive value and the actual value after learning the regression formula based on the parametric statistics and it detects abnormality. Anomaly detection using regression analysis has the disadvantage that the performance is lowered when the model is not solid and the noise or outliers of the data are included. There is a restriction that learning data with noise or outliers should be used. The autoencoder using artificial neural networks is learned to output as similar as possible to input data. It has many advantages compared to existing probability and linear model, cluster analysis, and map learning. It can be applied to data that does not satisfy probability distribution or linear assumption. In addition, it is possible to learn non-mapping without label data for teaching. However, there is a limitation of local outlier identification of multidimensional data in anomaly detection, and there is a problem that the dimension of data is greatly increased due to the characteristics of time series data. In this study, we propose a CMAE (Conditional Multimodal Autoencoder) that enhances the performance of anomaly detection by considering local outliers and time series characteristics. First, we applied Multimodal Autoencoder (MAE) to improve the limitations of local outlier identification of multidimensional data. Multimodals are commonly used to learn different types of inputs, such as voice and image. The different modal shares the bottleneck effect of Autoencoder and it learns correlation. In addition, CAE (Conditional Autoencoder) was used to learn the characteristics of time series data effectively without increasing the dimension of data. In general, conditional input mainly uses category variables, but in this study, time was used as a condition to learn periodicity. The CMAE model proposed in this paper was verified by comparing with the Unimodal Autoencoder (UAE) and Multi-modal Autoencoder (MAE). The restoration performance of Autoencoder for 41 variables was confirmed in the proposed model and the comparison model. The restoration performance is different by variables, and the restoration is normally well operated because the loss value is small for Memory, Disk, and Network modals in all three Autoencoder models. The process modal did not show a significant difference in all three models, and the CPU modal showed excellent performance in CMAE. ROC curve was prepared for the evaluation of anomaly detection performance in the proposed model and the comparison model, and AUC, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were compared. In all indicators, the performance was shown in the order of CMAE, MAE, and AE. Especially, the reproduction rate was 0.9828 for CMAE, which can be confirmed to detect almost most of the abnormalities. The accuracy of the model was also improved and 87.12%, and the F1-score was 0.8883, which is considered to be suitable for anomaly detection. In practical aspect, the proposed model has an additional advantage in addition to performance improvement. The use of techniques such as time series decomposition and sliding windows has the disadvantage of managing unnecessary procedures; and their dimensional increase can cause a decrease in the computational speed in inference.The proposed model has characteristics that are easy to apply to practical tasks such as inference speed and model management.

Fall Detection Based on Human Skeleton Keypoints Using GRU

  • Kang, Yoon-Kyu;Kang, Hee-Yong;Weon, Dal-Soo
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.83-92
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    • 2020
  • A recent study to determine the fall is focused on analyzing fall motions using a recurrent neural network (RNN), and uses a deep learning approach to get good results for detecting human poses in 2D from a mono color image. In this paper, we investigated the improved detection method to estimate the position of the head and shoulder key points and the acceleration of position change using the skeletal key points information extracted using PoseNet from the image obtained from the 2D RGB low-cost camera, and to increase the accuracy of the fall judgment. In particular, we propose a fall detection method based on the characteristics of post-fall posture in the fall motion analysis method and on the velocity of human body skeleton key points change as well as the ratio change of body bounding box's width and height. The public data set was used to extract human skeletal features and to train deep learning, GRU, and as a result of an experiment to find a feature extraction method that can achieve high classification accuracy, the proposed method showed a 99.8% success rate in detecting falls more effectively than the conventional primitive skeletal data use method.

A Novel Face Recognition Algorithm based on the Deep Convolution Neural Network and Key Points Detection Jointed Local Binary Pattern Methodology

  • Huang, Wen-zhun;Zhang, Shan-wen
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.363-372
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    • 2017
  • This paper presents a novel face recognition algorithm based on the deep convolution neural network and key point detection jointed local binary pattern methodology to enhance the accuracy of face recognition. We firstly propose the modified face key feature point location detection method to enhance the traditional localization algorithm to better pre-process the original face images. We put forward the grey information and the color information with combination of a composite model of local information. Then, we optimize the multi-layer network structure deep learning algorithm using the Fisher criterion as reference to adjust the network structure more accurately. Furthermore, we modify the local binary pattern texture description operator and combine it with the neural network to overcome drawbacks that deep neural network could not learn to face image and the local characteristics. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm obtains stronger robustness and feasibility compared with the other state-of-the-art algorithms. The proposed algorithm also provides the novel paradigm for the application of deep learning in the field of face recognition which sets the milestone for further research.