• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.505-524
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• 2022

Floods represent extreme hydrological phenomena that affect populations, environment, social, political, and ecological systems. After the catastrophic floods that have hit Europe and the World in recent decades, the flood problem has become more current. At the EU level, a legal framework has been put in place with the entry into force of Directive 2007/60/EC on Flood Risk Assessment and Management (Flood Directive). Two years after the entry into force of the Floods Directive, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), has adopted a Regulation on the types and content of water protection plans, which takes key steps and activities under the Floods Directive. The "Methodology for developing flood hazard and risk maps" (Methodology) was developed for the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, following the methodology used in the majority of EU member states, but with certain modifications to the country's characteristics. Accordingly, activities for the preparation of the Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment for each river basin district were completed in 2015 for the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Activities on the production of hazard maps and flood risk maps are in progress. The results of probable climate change impact model forecasts should be included in the preparation of the Flood Risk Management Plans, which is the subsequent phase of implementing the Flood Directive. By the foregoing, the paper will give an example of the development of the hydrodynamic model of the Zujevina River, as well as the development of hazard and risk maps. Hazard and risk maps have been prepared for medium probability floods of 1/100 as well as for high probability floods of 1/20. The results of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) recording were used to create a digital terrain model (DMR). It was noticed that there are big differences between the flood maps obtained by recording LiDAR techniques in relation to the previous flood maps obtained using georeferenced topographic maps. Particular attention is given to explaining the Methodology applied in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.1455-1459
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• 2014

We report a sensitive and reliable FRET-based nanotechnology assay for efficient detection and quantification of bisulfite-unmodified or modified DNA. Bisulfite-untreated DNA or bisulfite-treated DNA is subjected to PCR amplification with biotin-conjugated primers so that the amounts of bisulfite-untreated and treated DNA can be differentiated. Streptavidin-coated quantum dots (QDs) are used to capture biotinylated PCR products intercalated with SYBR Green, enabling FRET measurement. Key features of our method include its low intrinsic background noise, high resolution, and high sensitivity, enabling detection of as little as 1.75 ng of bisulfite-untreated DNA in the presence of an approximately 1,000-fold excess of bisulfite-untreated DNA compared to bisulfate-treated DNA, with the use of PCR reduced (as low as 15 cycles). SYBR Green as an intercalating dye as well as a FRET acceptor allows for a single-step preparation without the need for primers or probes to be chemically conjugated to an organic fluorophore. Multiple acceptors per FRET donor significantly enhance the signal-to-noise ratio as well. In consideration of the high relevance of bisulfite treatment to DNA methylation quantitation, our system for FRET measurement between QDs and intercalating dyes can be generally utilized to analyze DNA methylation and to potentially benefit the scientific and clinical community.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2002

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are the chemicals that affect endocrine systems through activation or inhibition of steroid hormone response. It is necessary to have a good system to evaluate rapidly and accurately endocrine-disrupting activities of suspected chemicals and their degradation products. The key targets of EDs are nuclear hormone receptors, which bind to steroid hormones and regulate their gene transcription. We constructed a co-expression system of Gal4p DNA binding domain (DBD)- ligand binding domain of human estrogen receptor $\alpha$ or $\beta$, and Gal4p transactivation domain (TAD)-co-activator AIB-1, SRC-1 or TIF-2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a chromosome-integrated lacZ reporter gene under the control of CYC1 promoter and Gal4p binding site (GAL4 upstream activating sequence, GAL4$_{UAS}$). Expression of this reporter gene was dependent on the presence of estrogen or EDs in the culture medium. We found that the two-hybrid system with combination of the hER$\beta$ LBD and co-activator SRC-1 was most effective in the xenoestrogen-dependent induction of reporter activity. The extent of transcriptional activation by those chemicals correlated with their estrogenic activities measured by other assay systems, indicating that this assay system is efficient and reliable for measuring estrogenic activity. The data in this research demonstrated that the yeast detection system using steroid hormone receptor and co-activator is a useful tool for identifying chemicals that interact with steroid receptors.s.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.369-372
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• 2002

In this research, a vision system for detecting tool breakage which is hardly detected by such indirect in-process measurement method as acoustic emission, cutting torque and motor current was developed and embedded into a PC-NC system. The vision system consists of CMOS image sensors, a slit beam laser generator and an image grabber board. Slit beam laser was emitted on the tool surface to separate the tool geometry well from the various obstacles surrounding the tool. An image of tool is captured through two steps of signal processing, that is, median filtering and thresholding and then the tool is estimated normal or broken by use of change of the centroid of the captured image. An air curtain made by the jetting high-pressure air in front of the lens was devised to prevent the vision system from being contaminated by scattered coolant, cutting chips in cutting process. To embed the vision system to a Siemens PC-NC controller 840D NC, an HMI(Human Machine Interface) program was developed under the Windows 95 operating system of MMC103. The developed HMI is placed in a sub window of the main window of 840D and this program can be activated or deactivated either by a soft key on the operating panel or M codes in the NC part program. As the tool breakage is detected, the HMI program emit a command for automatic tool change or send alarm to the NC kernel. Evaluation test in a high speed tapping center showed the developed system was successful in detection of the small-radius tool breakage.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.321-324
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• 2001

Groundwater samples were collected at 6 sites in Seoul area. DNA extraction from the sample was performed by the boiling method. Samples were boiled with guanidinium thyocyanate and phenol-chloroform. One set of primer was designed for amplification of 16S rDNA. For detection of denitrifying bacteria in groundwater sample, the author used primer sets consensus regions in gene sequences encoding the two forms of nitrite reductase (NIR), a key enzyme in the denitrification pathway. Two sets of PCR primer were designed to amplify $cd_1$-and Cu-nir. We confirmed the existence of denitrifying bacteria in 3 sites using $cd_1$-nir primer and in 4 sites using Cu-nir primer.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.347-355
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• 2018

Ransomware uses symmetric-key algorithm such as a block cipher to encrypt users' files illegally. If we find the traces of a block cipher algorithm in a certain program in advance, the ransomware will be detected in increased rate. The inclusion of a block cipher can consider the encryption function will be enabled potentially. This paper proposes a way to determine whether a particular program contains a block cipher. We have studied the implementation characteristics of various block ciphers, as well as the AES used by ransomware. Based on those characteristics, we are able to find what kind of block ciphers have been contained in a particular program. The methods proposed in this paper will be able to detect ransomware with high probability by complementing the previous detection methods.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.130-140
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• 2017

It is vital to understand the changing characteristics of interphase microbial communities and interspecies synergism during the fermentation of Chinese liquors. In this study, microbial communities in the three indispensable phases (pit mud, zaopei, and huangshui) of Luzhou-flavored liquor manufacturing pits and their shifts during cellars use were first investigated by polyphasic culture-independent approaches. The archaeal and eubacterial communities in the three phases were quantitatively assessed by combined phospholipid ether lipids/phospholipid fatty acid analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In addition, qualitative information regarding the microbial community was analyzed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Results suggested that the interphase microbial community profiles were quite different, and the proportions of specific microbial groups evolved gradually. Anaerobic bacteria and gram-positive bacteria were dominant and their numbers were higher in pit mud ($10^9$ cells/g) than in huangshui ($10^7$ cells/ml) and zaopei ($10^7$ cells/g). Hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea were the dominant archaea, and their proportions were virtually unchanged in pit mud (around 65%), whereas they first increased and then decreased in zaopei (59%-82%-47%) and increased with pit age in huangshui (82%-92%). Interactions between microbial communities, especially between eubacteria and methanogens, played a key role in the formation of favorable niches for liquor fermentation. Furthermore, daqu (an essential saccharifying and fermentative agent) and metabolic regulation parameters greatly affected the microbial community.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10251-10254
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• 2015

Uterine cancer is the most common invasive gynaecological cancer in Australia. Early detection is a key predictive factor achieved by increasing public awareness and participation in screening. This observational study measures awareness of gynaecological malignancies, particularly uterine, among women in two rural areas of New South Wales, Australia. Patients presenting to gynaecology clinics in January to March 2014 were invited to complete a structured questionnaire. Women with a history of cancer and incomplete questionnaires were excluded. Of the 382 patients invited to participate, 329 (86%) responded with complete feedback. Most respondents were younger than than 50 years (66%) and married with at least 2 children (74%). The majority (94%) of participants had no awareness of uterine cancer and many (46%) were unable to identify common risk factors including obesity, diabetes and hypertension. The ability to identify risk factors was correlated to age, marital status and obesity. The study identifies poor awareness on uterine malignancies in two typical areas of rural Australia. Although external validity is limited by sociological factors, poor awareness of uterine cancer among rural patients in this study represents a valid public health concern. It is imperative to improve awareness of uterine cancer and available screening programs to facilitate early detection and cure.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.306-319
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• 2009

A name is a key feature for distinguishing people, but we often fail to discriminate people because an author may have multiple names or multiple authors may share the same name. Such name ambiguity problems affect the performance of document retrieval, web search and database integration. Especially, in bibliography information, a number of errors may be included since there are different authors with the same name or an author name may be misspelled or represented with an abbreviation. For solving these problems, it is necessary to disambiguate the names inputted into the database. In this paper, we propose a method to solve the name ambiguity by using social networks constructed based on the relations between authors. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed system based on DBLP data that offer computer science bibliographic information.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.633-639
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• 2007

This study proposes an optimal condition to recognize a train using RFID. In order to recognize a moving train, bandwidth, an angle of antenna and the location of a tag should be considered. In this study, a field test was conducted using two different bandwidths (900MHz and 2.45GHz), four angles of antenna(0, 30, 45, and $60^{\circ}$), different velocities (10, 30 and 50km), and three different locations of tags. The field test verified the optimal condition for recognition of a train, The present study convinced that location detection and tracking of rail freight can be monitored in real time. The present technology can be applied to railway signals including detecting and tracking such as EURO Balis.