• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 1996

We have examined the chromatin structure of the HMRE/HSP82 and HMRa/HSP82 allels using three complementary approaches : DNase I chromating footprinting, micrococcal nuclease (MNase) nucleosome-protected ladder assay, and an in vivo E. coli dam methylase accessibility assay. The footprinting results indicate that the promoter and silencer sequences are assembled into nucleoprotein complexes which exhibit no detectable change in structure, despite a 70-fold range in expression levels. In addition, the promoter region of the HMRa/HSP82 allele is cleaved randomly by MNase in all cases, indicating the absence of anonical nucleosomes over this region irrespective of SIR4 or heat-shock. Finally, no discernible difference in the accessibility of the HMRE/HSP82 locus to dam methylase in SIR4 vs. sir4 cells was seenm which again suggests that the chromatin structure of HMRE/HSP82 allele is identical regardless of SIR4. Altogether, our results indicate that in contrast to other observations of the silent mating-type loci, no discernible structural alteration is detected at either HMR/HSP82 allele regardless of SIR genetic background or transcriptional state of the gene.

• 약학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1978

Total organic carbon(TOC) can be determined by means of combustion and flame ionization detector. The principle of string method is that a sample acidified to pH2 and transferred into combustion tube by string is oxidized with air. Another combustion tube method is that organic compounds are oxidized in the combustion tube charged with CuO and cobalt asbestos after the acidified sample is injected directly by microsyringe. Carbon dioxide evolved was reduced under specially treated nickel catalyst and hydrogen, the methane produced was detected by flame ionization detector. Linear relationship was found between concentration and the peak height by the string method. The peak area in the case of combustion tube method is in the range of 1-200ppm. The coefficient of variation by string method was 2.3% and that by combustion tube method was 1.8%. The lower detectable limit was about 10mol. Advantages of the latter are simplicity, sensitivity and reproducibility. TOC in contineous stream can also be determined automatically by means of the string method.

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2012

Liquid crystals are useful for a wide range of applications due to their exceptional properties. Doping of liquid crystals with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), even at very low concentrations, produces a detectable effect on the liquid crystal (LC) properties that can be very attractive for various functions. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of CNTs on the electrical properties of a short-pitch and high-spontaneous-polarization ferro-electric LC mixture, FLC-6304, at different temperatures. The inclusion of the CNTs significantly reduced the polarization at temperatures well within the $SmC^*$ phase, but the effect was gradually reversed as the transition temperature was approached. The insertion of the CNTs also reduced the response time and the rotational viscosity of the FLC mixture, which is highly desirable in the LCD industry.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 1981

비정상방법을 사용하여 스테인레스강과 황동으로 만들어진 여러가지의 집강형 축열재의 대류열전달에 대한 실험결과를 구하였다. 열전달계수에 대한 재질, 메시의 크기, 및 강의 영향은 찾아 볼 수 없었다. 레이놀즈수가 60에서 1000까지의 범위에서 집강형 축열재로부터의 대류열전달을 나타내는 무차원의 보험식을 구하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.789-792
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• 2015

본 연구는 국내에서 유통되는 수산물에 대한 방사능 농도 조사 결과를 바탕으로 평상시 수산물의 방사능 농도에 대한 기초자료 생산을 목표로 수행되었으며, 그 과정에서 사고 상황에 맞는 신속한 분석 방법과 최소검출가능농도 설정에 대해 고찰하였다. 국민건강통계의 섭취빈도를 참고로 하여 수산물 시료의 종류를 결정하였고, 전처리 과정을 간소화하여 $^{40}K$, $^{137}Cs$, $^{134}Cs$, $^{131}I$의 방사능 농도를 분석하였다. 그 결과 $^{40}K$는 21.9-3050 Bq/kg의 방사능 농도 범위를 나타내었으며, 인공방사성 핵종인 $^{137}Cs$, $^{134}Cs$, $^{131}I$의 방사능 농도는 최소검출가능농도 이하였다. 따라서, 2013년부터 2015년까지 조사한 국내 유통 수산물에 대해서는 후쿠시마사고의 영향이 없는 것으로 판단할 수 있으며, 선량적인 측면에서 역시 분석한 핵종에 의한 추가적인 방사선 피폭 영향이 없다고 볼 수 있다. 최소검출가능농도의 경우 $^{137}Cs$ 0.140-1.97, $^{134}Cs$ 0.0900-1.89, $^{131}I$ 0.124-1.94 Bq/kg의 범위를 나타내었으며, 시료량 및 $^{40}K$의 농도에 최소검출가능농도 변동을 확인할 수 있었다. 측정시간, $^{40}K$의 농도, 검출기 종류 등의 인자에 따른 최소검출가능농도 설정에 관한 논의가 추후 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2003

Terbinafine is a synthetic allylamine that is available in an oral formulation and is used at a dosage of 250mg/day. It is used as an active antifungal agent and inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene epoxidase, which leads to the accumulation of the sterol squalene, which is toxic to the organism. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two terbinafine tablets, Lamisil (Novartis Korea Ltd.) and Terbinex (C-TRI Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers, 26.00$\pm$2.57 year in age and 70.51$\pm$9.36 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2${\times}$2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 125 mg of terbinafine was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of terbinafine in plasma were determined using HPLC with UV detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ between two tablets were －4.191％, 5.223％ and －25.720％, respectively when calculated against the Lamisil, tablet. The powers (1-$\beta$) for AUC, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were 81％, 87％ and below 60％, respectively. Minimum detectable differences(.il) at alpha=O.1 and 1-/3=0.8 were less than 20％ (e.g., 19.72％ and 17.77％ for AUC and $C_{max}$, respectively). But minimum detectable differences($\Delta$) at alpha=0.1 and 1-$\beta$=0.8 for $T_{max}$ were more than 20％ (e.g., 26.25％). The 90％ confidence intervals were within $\pm$20％ (e.g., －17.440∼9.06 and －6.713∼17.160 for AUC and $C_{max}$ respectively). But 90％ confidence intervals for $T_{max}$ were not within $\pm$20％ (e.g., －43.346∼8.083). Another ANOVA test was conducted for logarithmically transformed AUC and $C_{max}$. These results showed that there are no significant differences in AUC and $C_{max}$ between the two formulations: The differences between the formulations in these log transformed parameters were all for less than 20％ (e.g., －4.19％ and 5.22％ for AUC and $C_{max}$, respectively). The 90％ confidence intervals for the log transformed data were not the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 in AUC but the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 in $C_{max}$ (e.g., log 1.13∼log 1.50 and log 0.94-log 1.22 for AUC and $C_{max}$ respectively). The major parameters, AUC and $C_{max}$ met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence although $T_{max}$ did not meet the criteria of KFDA (1998 year) for bioequivalence, indicating that Onfran tablet is bioequivalent to Zofran tablet. But in another ANOVA test AUC did not meet the criteria of KFDA (2002) for bioequivalence but $C_{max}$ met the criteria of KFDA (2002 year) for bioequivalence.or bioequivalence.equivalence.equivalence.equivalence.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

Background/Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in children and adolescents. Materials & Methods: Medical records of 31 DTC cases that were diagnosed and treated at Korea Cancer Center Hospital between 2002 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Most cases were papillary carcinoma (n=26), with female predominance (n=25). Median age was 16.4 years (range, 11.9-18.6 years). Extrathyroidal extension was present in 24 cases. Twenty cases had tumor involvement at cervical lymph nodes and three had lung metastasis. Twenty-two patients received radioactive iodide treatment with a median cumulative dose of 300 mCi (range, 100-920 mCi). During a median follow-up of 68.2 months (range, 2.3-191.4 months), serum thyroglobulin level was elevated in 15 patients. Among them, two cases had remnant thyroid tissue, 4 had recurrence at cervical lymph nodes, and the remaining 9 did not have any detectable lesion. All were alive, and 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 45.2±10.1%. Age £15 years, tumor size, lymph node status (N1b), and distant metastasis had negative effects on EFS. On multivariate analysis, age and tumor size had prognostic significance. Conclusion: For DTC of children and adolescents (£18 years old), age ≤15 years and tumor size were prognostic factor. Therefore, patients in this age group need meticulous follow-up. Further studies are necessary to answer the potential influence of age on the incidence and behavior of DTC.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권5B호
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• pp.931-941
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• 2000

안테나 배열을 이용하는 직접 대역 확산 시스템에서 포착 가능한 SNR의 범위를 크게 낮출 수 있는 안테나 배열을 사용한 직렬 포착 방식을 제안한다. 제안된 포착 방식에서의 SNR 향상을 위하여, 안테나 요소마다 동일한 PN 위상을 갖도록 조정된 비동기 I-Q 정합 여파기들에서의 독립된 판정 변수들의 합을 초기 포착을 위한 판정 변수로 사용한다. 제안된 방식의 성능 분석을 위하여 가우시안 전송로와 Rayleigh 페이딩 전송로에서 검출확률과 오인확률이 유도되며, 이를 이용하여 평균 포착시간이 분석된다. 수치적 분석 결과를 통하여, 안테나 개수가 늘어남에 따라 제안된 방식의 포착 성능이 계속적으로 향상됨을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.460-462
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• 2002

Absorption spectra of biological specimens in the soft X-ray region have been presented with special reference to the XANES (X-ray absorption Near Edge Structure) of constituent elements. Absorption spectrum in this wavelength region is characterized by the absorption edges from which elemental content could be derived. In addition, XANES has a characteristic profile for chemical environment around the element such as chemical bond. Using the specific absorption peak we can assign not only the chemical bond but also molecules having such a chemical bond. In the present paper, absorption spectrum of DNA was measured in the wavelength range from 1.5nm to 5nm. Spectrum of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells was compared with the DNA spectrum. XANES were distinct at the K absorption edges of major elements, C, N and O. In the spectrum of the cells prominent peaks at the L absorption edge of minor element Ca were also detectable. XANES profiles in small local areas in a cell could also be measured in combination with X-ray microscopy. These give information about local chemical environment in a cell. XANES at the phosphorus K absorption edge in a human HeLa cell was successfully obtained corresponding to a sharp and intensive XANES peak of DNA.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

Amyloid golfer is a rare disease entity that is defined as a symptomatic mass or clinically detectable thyroid enlargement because of amyloid deposition. We present a case of amyloid golfer diagnosed in the fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) in a 73-year-old Korean woman presented with nephrotic syndrome and thyroid enlargement. The thyroid function was in normal range. Thyroid scan showed a nodule, $4{\time}2cm$ in the right lobe with underlying diffuse golfer. Aspirates revealed benign looking follicular cells and scattered eosinophilic material. The sections of the cell block showed nodular deposit of eosinophilic hyalinized material in the interfollicular area. It showed apple-green birefringence under polarization with Congo red stain. The renal biopsy also exhibited deposition of eosinophilic materials in the glomeruli and interstitial vascular wall, which were confirmed as amyloidosis. This material was morphologically distinct from the colloid.