Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology (대한두경부종양학회지)

The Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology (대한두경부종양학회)
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Age and Tumor Size is a Prognostic Factor in Pediatric/Adolescent Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

소아청소년 갑상선암 환자들의 예후인자

  • Byun, Byung Hyun (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Guk Haeng (Department of Otolaryngology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Dong Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Jung Sub (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Ilhan (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Sang Moo (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Byeong Cheol (Department of Otolaryngology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Jun Ah (Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital)
  • Received : 2020.07.01
  • Accepted : 2020.11.04
  • Published : 2020.11.30
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: To analyze the clinical characteristics of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in children and adolescents. Materials & Methods: Medical records of 31 DTC cases that were diagnosed and treated at Korea Cancer Center Hospital between 2002 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Most cases were papillary carcinoma (n=26), with female predominance (n=25). Median age was 16.4 years (range, 11.9-18.6 years). Extrathyroidal extension was present in 24 cases. Twenty cases had tumor involvement at cervical lymph nodes and three had lung metastasis. Twenty-two patients received radioactive iodide treatment with a median cumulative dose of 300 mCi (range, 100-920 mCi). During a median follow-up of 68.2 months (range, 2.3-191.4 months), serum thyroglobulin level was elevated in 15 patients. Among them, two cases had remnant thyroid tissue, 4 had recurrence at cervical lymph nodes, and the remaining 9 did not have any detectable lesion. All were alive, and 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 45.2±10.1%. Age £15 years, tumor size, lymph node status (N1b), and distant metastasis had negative effects on EFS. On multivariate analysis, age and tumor size had prognostic significance. Conclusion: For DTC of children and adolescents (£18 years old), age ≤15 years and tumor size were prognostic factor. Therefore, patients in this age group need meticulous follow-up. Further studies are necessary to answer the potential influence of age on the incidence and behavior of DTC.

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References

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