• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 1997

Solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect the whole cells of Edwardsiella tarda from infected tissues of flounder. Cross-reaction test was performed by ELISA against fish pathogens such as A. hydrophila ATCC7966. V. anguillarum HYUFP5001, Y, ruckeri 11-4, E. ictaluri and Streptococcus sp. NG8206. Rabbit anti-E, tarda Edk-2 sera highly cross-reacted with A. hydrophila ATCC7966 and V. anguillarum HUFP5001. However, the cross-reaction was removed by using the anti-serum pre-adsorbed with A, hydrophila ATCC7966 FKC. The intra-species cross-reaction among E. tarda isolates was very high. ELISA with the whole cell antigens present in tissue homogenate appeared with highly decreased sensitivity, presumably by the co-coating of lipid or proteins in tissues. Thus, it would be necessary to use the infected tissue homogenates diluted more than 100 times with PBS for diagnosis. Interestingly, compared with the using of FKC antigen, the direct detection of viable cells in tissue homogenate showed more sensitive results with detection limit of $1{\times}10^3$ cells/ml in buffer or diluted tissue homogenate. Consequently, the ELISA method developed in this study was specific, rapid and sensitive for diagnosing edwardsiellosis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.185-191
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to detect the fragments generated during IV (intravenous) catheter injection of contrast medium and drug administration in a clinical setting and removal was performed by experimentally producing a phantom, and to compare the radiography, ultrasonography, and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging and radiation dose. A 1 cm fragment of an 18 gage Teflon$^{(R)}$ IV catheter with saline was inserted into the IV control line. Radiography, CT, and ultrasonography were performed and radiography and CT dose were calculated. CT and ultrasonography showed an IV catheter fragment clinically and radiography showed no visible difference in the ability to provide a useful image of an IV catheter fragment modality (p >.05). Radiography of effective dose ($0.2139mSv{\cdot}Gy^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-2}$) form DAP DAP ($0.93{\mu}Gy{\cdot}m^2 $), and dose length product (DLP) ($201mGy{\cdot}cm$) to effective dose was calculated as 0.483 mSv. IV catheter fragment were detected of radiography, ultrasonography and CT. These results can be obtained by menas of an excellent IV catheter fragment of detection capability CT. However, CT is followed by radiation exposure. IV catheter fragment confirming the position and information recommend an ultrasonography.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.213-223
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• 2017

Recently, the air quality of South Korea has deteriorated and public interest has been increasing. Various observation means are used for the monitoring of the atmospheric environment, but it relies on the experience and judgment of the observer in the absence of spatial information on the emission facilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of using drones for monitoring air pollutant emission facilities. A texture transformation method was applied to the drone ortho image to detect the small gas emission facility and the slope data calculated by the digital surface model (DSM) was used to reduce the false alarm ratio. As a result, it shows the possibility of using drones in the detection of small gas emission facilities by showing about 80% of positive detection ratio and 40% of false alarm ratio. In the future, various researches are required to the improve positive detection ratio and the reduction of the false alarm ratio. Based on these results, it is necessary to construct a database including 3D spatial information of air pollutant emission facilities.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.900-913
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• 1998

Despite of technical difficulties, the combination of occlusal projection and densitometric digital analysis may ultimately provide a means of detection of subtle bone loss at the facial and lingual side of dental implant (Oblique occlusal view is more useful for $ITI^{(R)}$ dental implant due to its contour of shoulder as like tulip flower). In this study, conventional periapical projections of x-ray beam had shown more high sensitivity to detect the bony defects than oblique occlusal projections in alveolar crest obscured by dental implants or not, even if the difference was not statistically significant. Unlike conventional periapical projections. occusal projections combined with densitometric digital analysis technique may provide a means for detection of subtle bone change at the all around of implants without obscuring effect by implant itself. Although the results from this in vitro study were performed under limited circumstances, these results might afford more possibility and versatile modality of diagnosis options to clinician in the implant practice.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2014

High cognitive workload decreases a driver's ability of judgement and response in traffic situation and could result in a traffic accident. Electrocardiography (ECG) has been used for evaluation of drivers' cognitive workload; however, individual differences in ECG response corresponding to cognitive workload have not been fully considered. The present study developed an evaluation method of individual driver's cognitive workload based on ECG data, and evaluated its usefulness through an experiment in a driving simulator. The evaluation method developed by the present study determined the optimal ECG evaluation condition for individual participant by analysis of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for various conditions (total number of conditions = 144) in terms of four aspects (ECG measure, window span, update rate, and workload level). AUC analysis on the various conditions showed that the optimal ECG evaluation condition for each participant was significantly different. In addition, the optimal ECG evaluation condition could accurately detect changes in cognitive workload for 47% of the total participants (n = 15). The evaluation method proposed in the present study can be utilized in the evaluation of individual driver's cognitive workload for an intelligent vehicle.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2015

With progress in industrialization, facilities for generating, delivering, and receiving high levels of electric power are in great demand. The scale of electric power equipment is increasing in both size and complexity. This has contributed to the development of our modern, high-tech and information-based society. However, if the generation of electric power is suspended due to unexpected accidents at power facilities or power stations, a range of equipment the operations of which are dependent on electric power can be damaged, causing substantial socioeconomic losses in an industrial society. A great deal of time and money would be expended to repair damaged facilities at a power station, causing enormous economic loss.In order to detect the deterioration processes of power cables, and to prevent the destruction of power cables, the operation status of power cables should be monitored on a regular basis. We have installed equipment at Korea Western Power Co., Ltd., located in Taean, in order to predict and prevent the destruction of power cables. This is an entirely new installation: a set of equipment invented specifically to measure the insulation resistance of power cables. Installation of the equipment does not cause the flow of earth fault current. This ensures accurate measurement of insulation resistance values by the equipment. We have been studying this equipment in order to develop preventive technology that would show the deterioration processes of power cables.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was to observe whether the apoptotic function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is induced in human gastric epithelial dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma according to the role of FasL expression. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 gastric epithelial dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled in this study: 9 cases of gastric epithelial dysplasia, 18 cases of early gastric carcinomas (EGC) and 29 cases of advanced gastric carcinomas (AGC). Immunohistochemical staining was performed for FasL and CD45, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) method was used to detect cell death in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Results: 1) Positive reactions of FasL to neoplastic cells were $88.9\%$ (8/9) in gastric epithelial dysplasia, $83.3\%$ (15/18) in EGC, and $75.9\%$ (22/29) in AGC. 2) Expression of TIL was decreased in the FasL positive region and was increased in the FasL negative region, and significant expression of TIL was observed in the AGC group (P=0.001). 3) Expression of apoptotic TIL was very similar to the FasL expression, and $100\%$ expression was observed in gastric epithelial dysplasia group. 4) Expression of apoptotic TIL was increased in the FasL positive region and decreased in the FasL negative region, and significant apoptotic expression was observed in the gastric epithelial dysplasia and EGC groups (P=0.0420, P=0.0263, respectively). Conclusion: These results suggest that FasL is a prevalent mediator of immune privilege in epithelial dysplasia and cancer of the stomach.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.10.1-10.12
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• 2012

Introduction: We investigated frameshift suppressor tRNAs previously reported to use five-base anticodon-codon interactions in order to provide a collection of frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the synthetic biology community and to develop modular frameshift suppressor logic devices for use in synthetic biology applications. Results and Discussion: We adapted eleven previously described frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the BioBrick cloning format, and built three genetic logic circuits to detect frameshift suppression. The three circuits employed three different mechanisms: direct frameshift suppression of reporter gene mutations, frameshift suppression leading to positive feedback via quorum sensing, and enzymatic amplification of frameshift suppression signals. In the course of testing frameshift suppressor logic, we uncovered unexpected behavior in the frameshift suppressor tRNAs. The results led us to posit a four-base binding hypothesis for the frameshift suppressor tRNA interactions with mRNA as an alternative to the published five-base binding model. Conclusion and Prospects: The published five-base anticodon/codon rule explained only 17 of the 58 frameshift suppression experiments we conducted. Our deduced four-base binding rule successfully explained 56 out of our 58 frameshift suppression results. In the process of applying biological knowledge about frameshift suppressor tRNAs to the engineering application of frameshift suppressor logic, we discovered new biological knowledge. This knowledge leads to a redesign of the original engineering application and encourages new ones. Our study reinforces the concept that synthetic biology is often a winding path from science to engineering and back again; scientific investigations spark engineering applications, the implementation of which suggests new scientific investigations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.639-648
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• 2017

Electronic warfare systems for extracting information of the threat signals can be employed under the circumstance where the power of the received signal is weak. To precisely and rapidly detect the threat signals, it is required to use methods exploiting whole energy of the received signals instead of conventional methods using a single received signal input. To utilize the whole energy, numerous sizes of windows need to be implemented in a detector for dealing with all possible unknown length of the received signal because it is assumed that there is no preliminary information of the uncooperative signals. However, this grid search method requires too large computational complexity to be practically implemented. In order to resolve this complexity problem, an approach that reduces the number of windows by selecting the smaller number of representative windows can be considered. However, each representative window in this approach needs to cover a certain amount of interval divided from the considering range. Consequently, the discordance between the length of the received signal and the window sizes results in degradation of the detection performance. Therefore, we propose the weighted energy detector which results in improved detection performance comparing with the conventional energy detector under circumstance where the window size is smaller than the length of the received signal. In addition, it is shown that the proposed method exhibits the same performance under other circumstances.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.919-927
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose an accurate camera calibration method for acquiring multiview stereoscopic images. Generally, camera calibration is performed by using checkerboard structured patterns. The checkerboard pattern simplifies feature point extraction process and utilizes previously recognized lattice structure, which results in the accurate estimation of relations between the point on 2-dimensional image and the point on 3-dimensional space. Since estimation accuracy of camera parameters is dependent on feature matching, accurate detection of checkerboard corner is crucial. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the method that performs accurate camera calibration method through accurate detection of checkerboard corners. Proposed method detects checkerboard corner candidates by utilizing 1-dimensional gaussian filters with succeeding corner refinement process to remove outliers from corner candidates and accurately detect checkerboard corners in sub-pixel unit. In order to verify the proposed method, we check reprojection errors and camera location estimation results to confirm camera intrinsic parameters and extrinsic parameters estimation accuracy.