• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06c
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• pp.621-626
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• 2001

Microcellular foaming process was developed at MIT in 1980's to save a quantity of raw materials and improve mechanical properties. There are many process variables in appling microcellular foaming process to the conventional injection molding process. Of all process variables, part dimension control and shrinkage are the most influential on the post molded dimension. The post molding dimensional change of thermoplastic resins is important to tool designers for predicting the specific difference of molded part vs. actual mold cavity. Generally, articles injection molded are smaller in size than the cavity; hence, the term shrinkage factor is used to define the allowance a designer specifies. It is important to consider the factors that influence molded part dimension. According to ASTM Designation: D 955, shrinkage from mold dimensions of molded plastics was measured. In injection molding, the difference between the dimensions of the mold and of the molded article produced therein from a given material may vary according to the design and operation of the mold. In this paper, shrinkage data of molded plastic parts was obtained. It can be an important information for designing optimum mold system in a microcellular foaming injection molding process.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.129-137
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• 2017

The event-free survival (EFS) for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has shown remarkable improvement in the past several decades. In Korea also, a recent study showed 10-year EFS of 78.5%. Much of the improved outcome for pediatric ALL stems from the accurate identification of prognostic factors, the designation of risk group based on these factors, and treatment of appropriate duration and intensity according to risk group, done within the setting of cooperative clinical trials. The schema of first-line therapy for ALL remains mostly unchanged, although many groups have now reported on the elimination of cranial irradiation in all patients with low rates of central nervous system relapse. Specific high risk subgroups, such as Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) ALL and infant ALL continue to have significantly lower survival than other ALL patients. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors into therapy has led to enhanced outcome for Ph+ ALL patients. Infant ALL patients, particularly those with MLL rearrangements, continue to have poor outcome, despite treatment intensification including allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Relapsed ALL is a leading cause of mortality in pediatric cancer. Recent advances in immunotherapy targeting the CD19 of the ALL blast have shown remarkable efficacy in some of these relapsed and refractory patients. With improved survival, much of the current focus is on decreasing the long-term toxicities of treatment.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.4E
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• pp.3-16
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• 2001

An ASCII encoding of Korean has been developed for extended phonetic transcription of the Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet (SAMPA). SAMPA is a machine-readable phonetic alphabet used for multilingual computing. It has been developed since 1987 and extended to more than twenty languages. The motivating factor for creating Korean SAMPA (K-SAMPA) is to label Korean speech for a multilingual corpus or to transcribe native language (Ll) interfered pronunciation of a second language learner for bilingual education. Korean SAMPA represents each Korean allophone with a particular SAMPA symbol. Sounds that closely resemble it are represented by the same symbol, regardless of the language they are uttered in. Each of its symbols represents a speech sound that is spectrally and temporally so distinct as to be perceptually different when the components are heard in isolation. Each type of sound has a separate IPA-like designation. Korean SAMPA is superior to other transcription systems with similar objectives. It describes better the cross-linguistic sound quality of Korean than the official Romanization system, proclaimed by the Korean government in July 2000, because it uses an internationally shared phonetic alphabet. It is also phonetically more accurate than the official Romanization in that it dispenses with orthographic adjustments. It is also more convenient for computing than the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) because it consists of the symbols on a standard keyboard. This paper demonstrates how the Korean SAMPA can express allophonic details and prosodic features by adopting the transcription conventions of the extended SAMPA (X-SAMPA) and the prosodic SAMPA(SAMPROSA).

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.269-279
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health center operation and to activate the program development of public oral health center. Methods : Delphi analyses were utilized by the recruited expert panel from August to September in 2012. Results : The difficulty in operation of the oral health centers is the human resources management. In order to solve the human resources operation, utilization of the local human resources is the best choice of the solution. The next choice was the designation of the oral health expert in Ministry of Health and Welfare. So the expert can activate the public oral health care system for the disabled and the underprivileged classes in the long term. Conclusions : In order to activate the oral health centers, Ministry of Health and Welfare should promote the public health center function connected with the cooperation of the Association of dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

The definition of an apartment is a building more than 5 stories high and which is the standard law. Currently, the number of apartments is increasing much faster than detached houses. Owning an apartment is a normal trend these days. However, the increasing number of apartments has been increasing the number of apartment fires which also has been making social problems. Therefore, this study was conducted for the fire extinguisher among other fire facilities because it is important for initial fire suppression. The research subject is on the fire extinguisher that is in the underground parking lot of 40 apartment complexes which are more than 10 stories. Survey and analysis were conducted for 80 fire extinguishers. There are two fire extinguishers for each apartment. The result of this study is that all installed fire extinguishers are ABC dry chemical type, 92% of them is 3.3kg and that meet the legal height(less than 1.5m). However, the condition such as appearance, inspection, manufactured year, appearance of signs, material of signs, size of signs, etc. was insufficiency. So improvement of law and system that are fire facility construction, maintenance implementation and additional designation of type approval about sign will be needed in my opinion.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 2003

It is difficult to define the urban fringe using a specific geographical designation in the physical planning system because the existence of the urban fringe is certainly not equal in all directions from the inner urban area to the rural area, and is often a discontinuous spatial phenomenon from the inner fringe to the urban shadow. Nevertheless, the urban fringe raises land use management issues which stem from its own peculiar set of land use characteristics. For example, in the UK, how the public can enjoy access to the countryside in the urban fringe while at the same time recognising and acknowledging the importance of landowners and farmers property rights\ulcorner how can a poor quality environment and degraded landscape be improved aesthetically and physically to meet the multiple recreational needs of a diverse population when local authorities are confronted with limited ability to fund and acquire land for these purposes\ulcorner The challenge of addressing these land use management issues necessitates approaches which build a coalition of interest groups and public and non-government organizations in the management processes in order to improve the physical, economic and social environments and facilitate the management mechanism.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.847-853
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• 2007

In Korean coastal areas, land reclamations are main development projects that should be based on environmental impact assessment(EIA), because those human interventions can change coastlines, damage tidal flats, and pollute adjacent areas to threat seafood safety and devaluate overall ecosystem service value. Existing procedures of the EIA for land reclamation projects were diagnosed and evaluated to enhance them. Problems were identified in the designation of survey areas, the consistency in survey sites and periods, the standardization of survey methods and reports, the confidence of survey results and the verification of predictions. Lack of integration was noticeable and could be improved by synthesizing different assessments from topography geography, marine physics, marine chemistry and marine biology. We suggest that successful precautionary marine environment management requires readjusting the cost of EIA, recruiting experts in marine environment, constructing database and establishing specialized assessment system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.172-179
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• 2010

This study was conducted to establish a management plan for the Songrim woodland restoration by analyzing the site characteristics of the Songrim Woodland Natural Monument (Natural Monument 445) in Hadong-Gun, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea. The Songrim woodland was a pure pine forest. To stimulate the growth of sub-trees or mid- story vegetation in both a non-rest year forest and a rest year forest, it is recommended to take a silvicultural practices such as pruning because canopy of over-story trees was closely covered. The Songrim woodland in the non-rest year forest severely competed among individual trees of DBH classes of 60 cm and height of 18 m, while the woodland in the rest-year forest competed with DBH classes of 62 cm and height of 10 m, respectively. Soil physical property such as soil hardness, soil pore space rates, and pF 2.7 was restored following the rest-year forest designation. Mean salt concentration in the Songrim woodland soils was 0.006%. The result suggests that it is needed to take a study to prevent the salt inputs to conserve the Songrim woodland.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.400-405
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• 2015

Operating system of CBRNE(Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-yield explosive)) weapon in North Korea has reached an internationally significant level. In preparation against the CBRNE weapon attack, the US is securing various forms of defense shelters and operating it based on classification by disaster characteristics. However, it is currently difficult to expect an efficient protective ability from South Korea due to the reckless designation of defense shelters without consideration of disaster characteristics. At this, this study examined the present condition of formerly used facilities, analyzed the characteristics of each facilities for the sorting of defense shelters that are possible of conversion into shelter against CBRNE weapon, and presented results and proposals gained through this study research.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.11 no.1 s.26
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• pp.25-33
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• 2005

This study conducted a comparative analysis on ordinances on landscape composition by local governments, which are a part of the policy to activate landscape composition, by examining the cases of Korea and Japan. For the purpose of specialized landscape compositions according to the own characteristics of Korean local governments, this study suggests factors to consider on the enactment of ordinance on landscape composition as follows. First, in order to compose landscape with an unique figure of the local government, it is required to collect and analyze informations about the local landscape, to provide consistent programs of education and publicity related to the landscape composition and to encourage the involvement of local citizens and reward it. Second, the construction of the ordinance needs to build a plan of landscape composition for each district focused on the landscape composition, to introduce a system which enables self-designation of an ordinance, to establish a detailed guidance, to assign the duty to keep the guidance and regulate punishment in case of a violation of the guidance. It could be done by completing the common or basic elements on the construction of the ordinance on landscape composition.